High expression of protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'' alpha predicts poor outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v13.i7.716

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Jul 15, 2021 (publication date) through Nov 5, 2024

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jul 15, 2021; 13(7): 716-731
Published online Jul 15, 2021. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i7.716

Table 1 Patient baseline and correlation between protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''α expression and clinicopathologic characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma

Clinicopathological variable	Patients, n (%)	PPP2R3A expression levels		Statistical results
Clinicopathological variable	Patients, n (%)	< 4	≥ 4	Statistical results
Gender
Male	105 (97.2)	79 (73.1)	26 (24.1)	P = 0.195; X² = 1.679
Female	3 (2.8)	3 (2.8)	0 (0)	P = 0.195; X² = 1.679
Age (yr)
≤ 50	45 (41.7)	37 (34.2)	8 (7.4)	P = 0.255
> 50	63 (58.3)	45 (41.7)	18 (16.7)	X² = 1.673
Preoperative treatment
No	59 (54.6)	47 (43.5)	12 (11.1)	P = 0.370
Yes	49 (45.4)	35 (32.4)	14 (13)	X² = 0.993
AFP (ng/mL)
< 13	24 (22.2)	21 (19.4)	3 (2.8)	P = 0.003¹; X² = 11.513
13-1000	40 (37.0)	35 (32.4)	5 (4.6)
> 1000	44 (40.8)	26 (24.1)	18 (16.7)
HBeAg
Negative	72 (66.7)	56 (51.9)	16 (14.8)	P = 0.634
Positive	36 (33.3)	26 (24.1)	10 (9.2)	X² = 0. 405
HBV-DNA (copy/mL)
≤ 1	75 (69.4)	57 (52.8)	18 (16.7)	P = 1.000
> 1	33 (30.6)	25 (23.1)	8 (7.4)	X² = 0.001
MELD
< 15	85 (78.7)	65 (60.2)	20 (18.5)	P = 1.000
≥ 15	23 (21.3)	17 (15.7)	6 (5.6)	X² = 0.065
Child-Pugh
A	65 (60.2)	52 (48.3)	13 (12.0)	P = 0.424; X² = 3.952
B	27 (25.0)	17 (15.7)	10 (9.2)
C	16 (14.8)	13 (12.0)	3 (2.8)
Pathology
Well differentiation	5 (4.6)	5 (4.6)	0 (0)	P = 0.296
Moderate differentiation	98 (90.8)	74 (68.5)	24 (22.2)	X² = 3.382
Poor differentiation	5 (4.6)	3 (2.8)	2 (1.9)
TNM-t
T1	46 (42.6)	38 (35.2)	8 (7.4)	P = 0.000¹; X² = 16.601
T2	21 (19.4)	21 (19.4)	0 (0)
T3	41 (38.0)	23 (21.3)	18 (16.7)
Length (cm)
≤ 3	31 (28.7)	24 (22.2)	7 (6.5)	P = 0.198; X² = 3.294
4-5	38 (35.2)	32 (29.6)	6 (5.6)
≥ 6	39 (36.1)	26 (24.1)	13 (12.0)
Tumor number
1	36 (33.3)	30 (27.8)	6 (5.6)	P = 0.240
≥ 2	72 (66.7)	52 (48.1)	20 (18.5)	X² = 1.621
Microsatellite stove
No	55 (50.9)	44 (40.7)	11 (10.2)	P = 0.371
Yes	53 (49.1)	38 (35.2)	15 (13.9)	X² = 1.018
Envelope invasion
No	75 (69.4)	57 (52.8)	18 (16.7)	P = 0.001¹
Yes	33 (30.6)	25 (23.1)	8 (7.4)	X² = 1.000
Vascular invasion
No	69 (63.9)	53 (49.1)	16 (14.8)	P = 0.817
Yes	39 (36.1)	29 (26.9)	10 (9.2)	X² = 0.082
Lymph node metastasis
No	92 (85.2)	72 (66.7)	20 (18.5)	P = 0.207
Yes	16 (14.8)	10 (9.2)	6 (5.6)	X² = 1.707
Liver metastasis
No	67 (62.0)	55 (50.9)	12 (11.1)	P = 0.066
Yes	41 (38.0)	27 (25)	14 (13)	X² = 3.668
Chest metastasis
No	75 (69.4)	61 (56.5)	14 (13)	P = 0.055
Yes	33 (30.6)	21 (19.4)	12 (11.1)	X² = 3.927
Hepatitis B
No recurrence	102 (94.4)	78 (72.9)	24 (22.4)	P = 0.427
Recurrence	5 (4.6)	3 (2.8)	2 (1.9)	X² = 0.632

¹Statistically significant. AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease.

Table 2 Univariate analysis results of overall survival and tumor-free survival risk factors and patient characteristics

Variables	OS	RFS
	Univariate	Univariate
	P value	P value
PPP2R3A (< 4 vs ≥ 4)	0.000¹	0.025¹
Age (≤ 50 vs > 50)	0.122	0.213
Child-Pugh (≤ 6 vs 7-9 vs ≥ 10)	0.375	0.206
MELD (< 15 vs ≥ 15)	0.827	0.809
HBeAg (Negative vs Positive)	0.461	0.120
HBV-DNA (Negative vs Positive)	0.581	0.090
Pathology (Well vs Moderate vs Poor)	0.047¹	< 0.05¹
Tumor number (1 vs > 1)	0.000¹	0.000¹
Tumor size (cm) (≤ 3 vs 4-5 vs ≥ 6)	0.005¹	< 0.05¹
TNM-t (1 vs 2 vs 3)	0.000¹	< 0.05¹
Microsatellite stove (No vs Yes)	0.000¹	0.000¹
Vascular invasion (No vs Yes)	0.01¹	0.000¹
Lymph node metastasis (No vs Yes)	0.671	0.885
Capsule invasion (No vs Yes)	0.102	0.005¹
Liver metastasis (No vs Yes)	0.124	0.001¹
Chest metastasis (No vs Yes)	0.001¹	0.000¹
AFP (ng/mL) (< 13 vs 13-1000 vs > 1000)	0.000¹	0.000¹
Preoperative treatment (No vs Yes)	0.685	0.604

¹Statistically significant. OS: Overall survival; RFS: Recurrence-free survival; PPP2R3A: Protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''α; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease.

Table 3 COX multivariate regression analysis results of overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation

Variables	B	SE	Wald	P value	OR	95%CI for Exp (B)
Variables	B	SE	Wald	P value	OR	Lower	Upper
Tumor size (≤ 3 cm vs ≥ 6 cm)	1.015	0.380	7.120	0.008¹	2.760	1.309	5.816
Tumor number (1 vs ≥ 2)	1.549	0.415	13.946	0.000¹	4.707	2.088	10.612
PPP2R3A (< 4 vs ≥ 4)	1.065	0.367	8.397	0.004¹	2.900	1.411	5.960

¹Statistically significant. PPP2R3A: Protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''α.

Table 4 COX multivariate regression analysis results of tumor recurrence after liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Variables	B	SE	Wald	P value	OR	95%CI for Exp (B)
Variables	B	SE	Wald	P value	OR	Lower	Upper
capsule invasion	0.633	0.285	4.941	0.026¹	1.883	1.078	3.290
AFP (ng/mL) (< 13 vs > 1000)	1.145	0.376	9.263	0.002¹	3.143	1.503	6.571
Tumor number (1 vs > 1)	1.340	0.354	14.358	0.000¹	3.819	1.910	7.638
PPP2R3A			14.562	0.024¹
PPP2R3A (6 vs 0)	-1.527	0.489	9.775	0.002¹	0.217	0.083	0.566
PPP2R3A (6 vs 2)	-1.773	0.511	12.043	0.001¹	0.170	0.062	0.462
PPP2R3A (6 vs 3)	-1.117	.515	4.714	0.030¹	0.327	0.119	0.897
PPP2R3A (6 vs 4)	-1.141	0.487	5.489	0.019¹	0.320	0.123	0.830
PPP2R3A (6 vs 5)	-0.630	0.697	0.817	0.366	0.532	0.136	2.088

¹Statistically significant. AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; PPP2R3A: Protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''α.

Citation: He JJ, Shang L, Yu QW, Jiao N, Qiu S, Zhu WX, Wu DF, Tian YE, Zhang Q. High expression of protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'' alpha predicts poor outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13(7): 716-731
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v13/i7/716.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v13.i7.716