Neoantigen vaccine: An emerging immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Clinical trials of hepatocellular carcinoma neoantigen vaccines

Tumor	Interventions	Phase	Number enrolled	NCT number	Initial date	Sponsor/collaborators
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Neoantigen DNA vaccine (GNOS-PV02), plasmid encoded IL-12 (INO-9012), pembrolizumab (MK-3475)	Ⅰ/Ⅱ	24	NCT04251117	January 31, 2020	Geneos Therapeutics
Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma	DNAJB1-PRKACA peptide vaccine, nivolumab, ipilimumab	Ⅰ	12	NCT04248569	January 30, 2020	Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Fibrolamellar Cancer Foundation
Gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer	Neoantigen-primed DC vaccine	Ⅰ	80	NCT04147078	October 31, 2019	Sichuan University
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Neoantigen-based DC vaccine, microwave ablation	Ⅰ	24	NCT03674073	September 17, 2018	Chinese PLA General Hospital, Likang Life Sciences Holdings Limited
Hepatocellular carcinoma	NRT radiotherapy	Ⅰ/Ⅱ	40	NCT03199807	June 27, 2017	The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School

DC: Dendritic cell; NRT: Neoantigen-reactive T cell.