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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Oct 15, 2021; 13(10): 1475-1491
Published online Oct 15, 2021. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i10.1475
Table 1 Endoscopic ultrasound B-mode and color-Doppler criteria for the characterization of suspected lymph nodes

Benign LNs
Malignant LNs
B-mode criteria
ShapeOvalRound
BorderIrregular shapeClear-cut, asymmetric
EchogenicityHyperechoicHypoechoic
Vascular hilumPresent, centralAbsent
EchostructureHeterogeneousHomogeneous
Color-Doppler criteria
Hilar doppler signPresentAbsent or displaced
Subcapsular vesselsAbsentOften present
Avascular areasAbsentOften present
Resistance index< 0.8> 0.8
Table 2 Summary of diagnostic performance of B-mode endoscopic ultrasound, elastography, contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for lymph nodes characterization

Pooled sensitivity
Pooled specificity
Area under the curve
Ref.
EUS (B-mode + Doppler)84.7%84.6%0.91Puli et al[88], 2008
EUS-E88%85%0.95Xu et al[75], 2011
CH-EUS87.7%91.8%0.97Lisotti et al[14], 2019
Combined EUS-E + CH-EUS143.6%100%0.92Lisotti et al[92], 2019
Combined EUS-E “or” CH-EUS293.6%87.5%0.91Lisotti et al[92], 2019
EUS-FNA87%100%0.99Chen et al[86], 2020