Decreased expression of the long non-coding RNA HOXD-AS2 promotes gastric cancer progression by targeting HOXD8 and activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

Table 1 Association between HOXD-AS2 expression and clinicopathological factors of human gastric cancer patients

Characteristic	Each group (n)	HOXD-AS2 expression		P value
		High	Low
All cases	79	30	49
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	79	64.10 ± 9.323	62.04 ± 9.648	0.354
BMI	79	21.04 ± 2.797	21.90 ± 3.196	0.224
Gender	79			0.594
Male	63	23	40
Female	16	7	9
Smoking	79			0.179
Yes	32	15	17
No	47	15	32
Drinking alcohol	79			0.096
Yes	23	12	11
No	56	18	38
Maximum tumor diameter (cm, mean ± SD)	79	4.36 ± 1.856	4.87 ± 2.613	0.355
Histology	79			1.000
Undifferentiated	7	3	4
Differentiated	72	27	45
Depth of invasion	79			0.430
pT 1-2	9	5	4
pT 3-4	70	25	45
Lymph node metastasis	79			0.009
pN0	19	12	7
pN1-3	60	18	42
Distant metastasis	79			1.000
pM0	75	28	47
pM1	4	2	2
Tumor TNM stage	79			0.040
I-II	19	11	8
III-IV	60	19	41
Venous/lymphatic invasion	79			0.376
Positive	11	6	5
Negative	68	24	44
Nervous invasion	79			1.000
Positive	10	4	6
Negative	69	26	43
Liver metastasis	79			0.300
Absent	75	27	48
Present	4	3	1
Ascitic fluid	79			0.965
Negative	63	24	39
Positive	16	6	10
Fatty nodules	79			1.000
Positive	9	3	6
Negative	70	27	43

BMI: Body mass index; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis.