Stents combined with iodine-125 implantation to treat main portal vein tumor thrombus

Table 1 Baseline characteristics, n (%)

	Group A (n = 54)	Group B (n = 57)	P value
Gender			0.693
Male	35 (64.8)	39 (68.4)
Female	19 (35.2)	18 (31.6)
Average age (yr)	43.6 ± 6.9	44.3 ± 5.2	0.697
Pathogenesis			0.788
Hepatitis B	35 (64.8)	38 (66.7)
Hepatitis C	9 (16.7)	12 (21)
Alcoholic	5 (9.3)	2 (3.5)
Cholestasis	2 (3.7)	1 (1.8)
Autoimmunity	1 (1.8)	2 (3.5)
Others	2 (3.7)	2 (3.5)
Child–Pugh classification			0.705
A	25 (46.3)	24 (42.1)
B	29 (53.7)	33 (57.9)
C	0 (0)	0 (0)
Albumin (g/L)	34.5 ± 7.5	31.5 ± 11.5	0.880
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)	62.5 ± 46.5	49.5 ± 37.5	0.396
Glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L)	73 ± 66	74 ± 62	0.647
Na+	143.5 ± 8.5	140 ± 7	0.104
K+	4.12 ± 1.08	4.75 ± 1.05	0.883
Direct bilirubin (μmol/L)	29.8 ± 25.2	24.5 ± 18.5	0.299
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)	39 ± 30	49 ± 39	0.349
MELD score	11.96 ± 1.68	12.76 ± 2.47	0.145
Ascites			0.624
Yes	11 (20.4)	9 (15.8)
No	43 (79.6)	48 (84.2)
Size of liver cancer (cm)			0.788
≤ 5	14 (25.9)	17 (29.8)
5-8	31 (57.4)	29 (50.9)
> 8	9 (16.7)	11 (19.3)
No. of liver tumors			0.834
1	28 (51.9)	32 (56.1)
2 or 3	19 (35.2)	17 (29.8)
> 3	7 (12.9)	8 (14.1)

MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; Child–Pugh classification: Score for liver function.

Table 2 Differences of portosystemic pressure gradient in the two groups before and after operation

	PPG before operation (mmHg)	PPG after operation (mmHg)	t	df	P value
Group A	26.9 ± 6.22	13.6 ± 6.4	18.11	53	< 0.0001
Group B	26.77 ± 6.25	15.1 ± 7.2	17.10	56	< 0.0001

PPG: Portosystemic pressure gradient.

Table 3 Time-to-event outcomes

	Group A (n = 54)	Group B (n = 57)	P value
Rate of stent stenosis			< 0.05
6 mo	18.5	43.9
12 mo	55.6	82.5
24 mo	83.3	96.5
Survival rate			< 0.05
6 mo	85.2	50.9
12 mo	42.6	10.5
24 mo	22.2	0

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of factors associated with postoperative outcomes

	Hazard ratio	95%CI	P value
Pathogenesis	1.227	0.773–1.948	0.385
Albumin (g/L)	1.266	0.829–1.932	0.275
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)	1.222	0.798–1.872	0.357
Glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L)	0.821	0.509–1.224	0.419
Direct bilirubin (μmol/L)	2.262	0.270–18.96	0.452
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)	1.270	0.800–2.017	0.311
No. of liver tumors	1.238	0.232–19.41	0.330