Serum protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II predicts aggressive tumor biology in alpha-fetoprotein-normal hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 1 Comparison of protein induced by vitamin K absence levels in patients with aggressive and non-aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma. PIVKA-II: Protein induced by vitamin K absence/antagonist-II; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; CI: Confidence interval.

Figure 2 Receiver operating characteristic curve of protein induced by vitamin K absence/antagonist-II values for predicting aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma. ROC: Receiver operating characteristic; PIVKA: Protein induced by vitamin K absence.

Figure 3 Proportion of aggressive vs non-aggressive tumors at two proteins induced by vitamin K absence/antagonist-II thresholds (> 400 mAU/mL and > 4000 mAU/mL). All tumors with protein induced by vitamin K absence/antagonist-II > 4000 mAU/mL were aggressive, whereas at > 400 mAU/mL the cohort splits between aggressive and non-aggressive tumors, as shown. PIVKA: Protein induced by vitamin K absence; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.