Microvascular structural changes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma pathology according to intrapapillary capillary loop types under magnifying endoscopy

Figure 1 Intrapapillary capillary loops in superficial esophageal lesions under magnifying endoscopy and photographic recordings of both fresh and fixed specimens. A: Intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCLs) of type A under narrow-band imaging or blue laser imaging combined with magnifying endoscopy (ME-NBI/BLI) (magnification: × 80); B: IPCLs of type B1 under ME-NBI/BLI (magnification: × 80); C: IPCLs of type B2 under ME-NBI/BLI (magnification: × 80); D: IPCLs of type B3 under ME-NBI/BLI (magnification: × 80); E: Flesh specimen after endoscopic resection; F: Pathologically fixed specimen with the red line marking the extent of the cancer and the yellow line marking the extent of intraepithelial neoplasia.

Figure 2 Pathological data collection using Case Viewer software. A: Pathological slide stained with hematoxylin and eosin (magnification: × 100); B: Pathological slide stained for CD34 (magnification: × 100); C: Pathological slide stained for D2-40 (magnification: × 100); D: Measurement of intrapapillary capillary loop (IPCL)-related characteristics (red A: Apical distance from the vertex of the IPCL to the basement membrane; red B: Thickness of the epithelial layer); E: Enlarged orange region in picture D (red C: Short caliber of the IPCL; red D: Long caliber of the IPCL; and the region enclosed by the blue line is the area of the IPCL); F: Pathological slide stained for CD34 (magnification: × 800); the transverse diameter of each field of view was 719.8 μm; G: Pathological slide stained for CD34 (magnification: × 2000); the transverse diameter of each field of view is 287.9 μm.

Figure 3 Nonparametric test results in types A, B1, B2, and B3 for short caliber, long caliber, area, density, and location of intrapapillary capillary loops. A: Nonparametric test in types A, B1, B2, and B3 for the short caliber of intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCLs); B: Nonparametric test in types A, B1, B2, and B3 for long caliber of IPCLs; C: Nonparametric test in types A, B1, B2, and B3 for area of IPCLs; D: Nonparametric test in types A, B1, B2, and B3 for density of IPCLs; E: Nonparametric test in types A, B1, B2, and B3 for location of IPCLs. ^aP < 0.05; NS: P > 0.05.

Figure 4 Nonparametric test results in types A, B1/B2, and B3 for short caliber, long caliber, area, density, and location of Intrapapillary capillary loops. A: Nonparametric test in types A, B1/B2, and B3 for short caliber of Intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCLs); B: Nonparametric test in types A, B1/B2, and B3 for long caliber of IPCLs; C: Nonparametric test in types A, B1/B2, and B3 for area of IPCLs; D: Nonparametric test in types A, B1/B2, and B3 for density of IPCLs; E: Nonparametric test in types A, B1/B2, and B3 for location of IPCLs. ^bP < 0.05; NS: P > 0.05.

Figure 5 T-test results between types B1 and B2 for short caliber, long caliber, area, density, and location of Intrapapillary capillary loops. A: Nonparametric test in types B1 and B2 for short caliber of intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCLs); B: Nonparametric test in types B1 and B2 for long caliber of IPCLs; C: Nonparametric test in types B1 and B2 for area of IPCLs; D: Nonparametric test in types B1 and B2 for density of IPCLs; E: Nonparametric test in types B1 and B2 for location of IPCLs. ^cP < 0.05; NS: P > 0.05.