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Li Y, Zhong S, Huang S, Zhong W, Zheng B, Guo Q, Liu J, Guo X, Su R. Application of metabolomics in the classification of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2025; 44:1493-1504. [PMID: 40011356 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-025-07373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 01/01/2025] [Accepted: 02/13/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is frequently treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), where patients are classified into distinct syndromes, such as heat-dampness syndrome (HD) and kidney-liver deficiency syndrome (KLD). However, an objective and systematic approach to differentiate these TCM syndromes remains lacking. This study is aimed at analyzing serum metabolomics to identify differential metabolites and pathways associated with HD and GS syndromes in RA patients and at evaluating their potential as diagnostic biomarkers. METHODS Serum samples from RA patients classified into HD and KLD groups were analyzed using metabolomics. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was employed to identify significant metabolites, while pathway analysis was conducted using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic potential of key metabolites. RESULTS Fifteen differential metabolites and two perturbed pathways-sphingolipid and D-amino acid metabolism-were identified between the KLD and HD groups. Notably, several metabolites, including C17-sphinganine and leucyl-alanine, demonstrated high diagnostic efficacy, with area under the curve (AUC) values exceeding 0.90. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between certain metabolites and clinical indices, further substantiating their role in syndrome differentiation. CONCLUSION This study presents a comprehensive analysis of serum metabolites in RA patients under different TCM syndromes. The identified metabolites hold potential as biomarkers for distinguishing HD and KLD groups, paving the way for more objective and evidence-based diagnostic approaches in TCM. Key Points • Differential metabolites were identified in the serum of RA patients with heat-dampness syndrome and kidney-liver deficiency syndrome, with their metabolic pathways primarily involving sphingolipid metabolism and D-amino acid metabolism. • Serum metabolites demonstrate high efficacy in distinguishing RA patients with different TCM syndromes. • Significant correlations were observed between serum differential metabolites and clinical indicators in RA patients with varying TCM syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Foshan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Innovative and Precise Inspection Technology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuqi Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengchun Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanying Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Baolin Zheng
- Nephrology and Rheumatology Department, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qihong Guo
- Nephrology and Rheumatology Department, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Prevention and Treatment Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueyan Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Foshan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Innovative and Precise Inspection Technology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
- Foshan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Innovative and Precise Inspection Technology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
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Chen H, Wang X, Tang L, Pu Y, Ma Y, Ye H, Zhang J. Review of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Treating Multi-Organ Damage in Wilson's Disease. Drug Des Devel Ther 2025; 19:2453-2471. [PMID: 40190811 PMCID: PMC11971973 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s515123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2025] [Indexed: 04/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by abnormal copper metabolism. Disruptions in copper metabolism lead to excessive copper deposition in the liver, nervous system, kidneys, heart, and other organs, thereby inducing a range of pathological manifestations and clinical symptoms. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy and excellent safety profiles. When integrated with effective Western anti-copper therapies, it can yield superior therapeutic outcomes. Consequently, TCM has exhibited unique advantages in managing WD, particularly when combined with multiple systemic damages. This paper discusses the pathological mechanisms and TCM etiology and pathogenesis of WD combined with multiple organ damage. It also summarizes the clinical efficacy and mechanism of TCM in treating WD combined with multiple organ damage, aiming to provide a reference for further studies on the role and potential mechanisms of TCM interventions in WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xie Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Tang
- Department of Neurology, Quanjiao County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chuzhou, 239599, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Pu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, People’s Republic of China
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Sun M, Qiu X, Yuan Z, Xu C, Chen Z. New advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine interventions for epilepsy: where are we and what do we know? Chin Med 2025; 20:37. [PMID: 40098198 PMCID: PMC11917061 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-025-01088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy, one of the most common neurological diseases, affects more than 70 million people worldwide. Anti-seizure drugs targeting membrane ion channels or GABAergic neurotransmission are the first choices for controlling seizures, whereas the high incidence of pharmacoresistance and adverse effects largely restrict the availability of current anti-seizure drugs (ASDs). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has shown historical evidence-based therapeutic effects for neurological diseases including epilepsy. But until the late 1990s, great efforts in both clinical and experimental fields advanced TCM interventions for epilepsy from evidence-based practices to more systematic neuropharmacological significance, and show new lights on preferable management of epilepsy in the last decade. This review summarized the advances of applying TCM interventions (ranging from herbal medicines and their active ingredients to other strategies such as acupuncture) for epilepsy, followed by associated mechanism theories. The therapeutic potential of TCM interventions for epilepsy as well as its comorbidities turns from somehow debatable to hopeful. Finally, some prospects and directions were proposed to drive further clinical translational research. The future directions of TCM should aim at not only deriving specific anti-epileptic molecules but also illustrating more precise mechanisms with the assistance of advanced multifaceted experimental tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, the Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, the Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijian Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, the Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cenglin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, the Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, the Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Gemmell JS, Lucke-Wold B. Traditional Chinese medicine and modern technology: Network pharmacology and omics sequencing in gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025; 17:102077. [PMID: 40092959 PMCID: PMC11866215 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.102077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 02/14/2025] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we comment on the article by Micucci et al published in the recent issue. We focus on the heterogenous nature of gastric cancer (GC) and the potential benefits of integrating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with the modern technology of network pharmacology (NP) and omics sequencing. GC is a heterogenous disease, as it incorporates several biochemical pathways that contribute to pathogenesis. TCM acknowledges the multifactorial, heterogenous nature of disease and utilizes an integrative approach to medicine. NP, a modern philosophy within drug development, integrates traditional knowledge of nutraceuticals and modern technologies to address the complex interactions of pathways within the body. Omics technologies, which is at the core of precision medicine, has allowed for this newfound principle of drug development. Metabolic pathways are better distinguished, leading to more targeted drug development. However, the use of omics technology needs to be employed to better characterize the subtypes of GC. This will allow TCM's use of nutraceuticals in the application of NP to better target metabolic pathways that may aid in the prevention of GC as well as enhance treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
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Li Y, Zhou J, Wei Z, Liang L, Xu H, Lv C, Liu G, Li W, Wu X, Xiao Y, Sunzi K. Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture for Post-COVID-19 Insomnia: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Res Protoc 2025; 14:e69417. [PMID: 40053784 PMCID: PMC11914848 DOI: 10.2196/69417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2025] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/09/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound global impact, leading to a range of persistent sequelae referred to as post-COVID-19 condition or "long COVID" that continue to affect patients worldwide. Among these sequelae, post-COVID-19 insomnia (PCI) has emerged as a significant issue. Conventional treatments, including cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacological interventions, face limitations such as variable efficacy, potential side effects, and substantial costs. Recently, acupuncture has gained traction due to its efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and safety profile. OBJECTIVE This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review evaluating the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of PCI to delineate the optimal modality, intervention frequency, and duration for achieving the most beneficial outcomes, thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of acupuncture's role in managing PCI, contributing to evidence-based clinical practice, and informing clinical decision-making. METHODS Electronic searches will be performed in 12 databases from inception to October 2024 without language restrictions. This includes both English databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, OVID and Scopus), as well as Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan-Fang Data, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Duxiu Database and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Center). Randomized controlled trials on acupuncture for PCI will be included. Primary outcomes will include the response rate and insomnia severity; secondary outcomes will include the Traditional Chinese Medicine Symptom Scale (TCMSS) and adverse event rates. Data synthesis will use risk ratios for dichotomous data and mean differences for continuous data. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment will be conducted independently by 2 reviewers. Methodological quality of eligible studies will be evaluated following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (version 6.3). Meta-analysis will be performed with RevMan 5.3. RESULTS Based on the data on response rate, insomnia severity, TCMSS score, and adverse event rates, this study will provide an evidence-based review of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PCI treatment. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review will present the current evidence for acupuncture for PCI, aiming to inform clinical practices and decision-making and to enhance the understanding of acupuncture's role in managing PCI. Furthermore, it will identify research gaps and suggest potential areas for future investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42024499284; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=499284. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/69417.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Li
- Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, China
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianlong Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, China
| | | | | | | | - Gang Liu
- Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, China
| | - Wenlin Li
- Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, China
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Li M, Wang T, Liu XL, Deng RL, Kwok WH, Yao LQ, Tan JYB. Somatic acupressure for the management of the fatigue-sleep disturbance-depression symptom cluster in breast cancer survivors: a study protocol for a phase III randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2025; 15:e089515. [PMID: 40032405 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fatigue-sleep disturbance-depression symptom cluster (FSDSC) is commonly experienced by breast cancer (BC) survivors, leading to a deteriorated quality of life (QoL). Somatic acupressure (SA) has been recommended as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for cancer-related fatigue (the core symptom of the FSDSC) in the guidelines, showing its encouraging role in relieving cancer-related sleep disorders, fatigue and depression. This phase III randomised controlled trial (RCT) is designed to evaluate the effects, safety and cost-effectiveness of SA for managing the FSDSC in BC survivors. METHODS This phase III RCT will be a partial-blinded, sham-controlled, three-arm, parallel clinical trial, involving a 7-week SA intervention period and a 12-week follow-up period. 108 BC survivors will be randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:1:1 to either a true SA group (self-administered acupressure plus usual care), a sham SA group (self-administered light acupressure at non-acupoints plus usual care) or a usual care group. The primary outcomes will be the effectiveness of SA on the FSDSC at both the individual symptom level and cluster symptom level. Each individual symptom will be specifically measured by the Brief Fatigue Inventory (fatigue), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (sleep disturbance) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression (depression). The cluster symptom level will be measured by using an FSDSC composite score, an averaging score of three separated 0-10 numeric rating scales for fatigue, depression and sleep disturbance. The secondary outcomes will include QoL (measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast), adverse events and cost-effectiveness. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline (week 0), immediately after intervention (week 7) and follow-up (week 19). All outcomes will be analysed based on the intention-to-treat principle using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS 25) software. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approvals of this study have been granted by the Human Research Ethics Committee at Charles Darwin University (H22110) and the Clinical Trial Ethics Committee at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (KLL-2023-594), and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (KYLL-2023-058). Findings from this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at professional conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT06412107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Li
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tao Wang
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xian-Liang Liu
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Li Deng
- School of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Wai Hang Kwok
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Li-Qun Yao
- College of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yu Benjamin Tan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
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Sobczak M, Pawliczak R. Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on COVID-19 Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2025; 18:357. [PMID: 40143134 PMCID: PMC11945379 DOI: 10.3390/ph18030357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2025] [Revised: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 02/28/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history and is known for its anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunoregulatory qualities. It has been extensively studied during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, to evaluate the relationship between TCM and the treatment of COVID-19, we conducted a meta-analysis. Methods: Our meta-analysis included 22 randomized clinical trials, which investigated the analyzed endpoints: time to recovery from fever, severity of dyspnea or breathlessness according on different scales, time to recovery for coughing, including dry and wet coughing, time to recovery for fatigue, changes in respiratory rate, length of hospitalization, hospital discharging rate, number of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, number of cases requiring any supplemental oxygenation, number of deaths among COVID-19 patients, conversion rate of SARS-CoV-2 tests on a particular day, and time to viral assay conversion. The relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and the mean difference or standardized mean difference with 95% CIs were calculated to compare the effect. A random effects model was used to calculate effect sizes. Results: We indicated a positive effect of TCM on different COVID-19 symptoms. TCM influences hospitalization duration, ICU admission, mortality, and time to viral assay conversion among COVID-19 patients. Moreover, TCM positively affects SARS-CoV-2 test conversion rates on particular days (RR = 1.21; 95% CI [1.10; 1.32]; p < 0.0001; I2 = 84%). Conclusions: TCM may potentially support the standard treatment of COVID-19. Nevertheless, the necessity for further randomized trials with a greater number of participants and in a wider range of countries remains apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
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Müller F, Holman H, Bhangu N, Kottutt J, Azhary H, Alshaarawy O. Use of Antihyperglycemic Medications Among US People with Limited English Proficiency. J Gen Intern Med 2025:10.1007/s11606-025-09385-x. [PMID: 39875767 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-025-09385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Language barriers can impact pharmaceutical disease management leading to potential health disparities among limited English proficiency (LEP) people with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the United States (US). OBJECTIVE To assess the use of antihyperglycemic medications and estimate their impact on glycemic control by LEP status. DESIGN Cross-sectional design. We compared the classes of prescribed antihyperglycemic medications and their impact on glycemic control between English-speaking and LEP participants (i.e., Spanish-speaking or needing interpretation services) with DM applying generalized linear models and adjusting for sociodemographic variables. PARTICIPANTS Data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003-2018). MAIN MEASURES Selected language for interview or interpreter request (main exposure). Outcomes include prescribed antihyperglycemic medications and glycemic control (HBA1c). KEY RESULTS Data for 4666 participants with DM were analyzed. Antihyperglycemic medications were similarly used by LEP and English-speaking people with DM, except for insulin, which was less frequently used by LEP people. Despite similar medications, LEP people using biguanides and TZDs were less likely to reach glycemic target levels (adjusted odds ratios ranging 1.7 to 3.3) compared to English-speaking people with DM. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the differences in DM outcomes among LEP people are likely attributed to factors other than medication prescription. These might include cultural beliefs, dietary adjustments, and communication barriers in healthcare. Enhanced patient education, acknowledgment of cultural practices, and improved language services could potentially mitigate these disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Müller
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
- Spectrum Health Family Medicine Residency Clinic, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Harland Holman
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
- Spectrum Health Family Medicine Residency Clinic, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Nikita Bhangu
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Jepkoech Kottutt
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Hend Azhary
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Omayma Alshaarawy
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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Guo R, Zeng D, Zhao Q, Zhang XY, Zhang XK, Liu YL. How are different traditional Chinese medicine modalities deployed by clinical practitioners in China? Findings from a national survey. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2025; 23:36-45. [PMID: 39613684 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) incorporates traditional diagnostic methods and several major treatment modalities including Chinese herbal medicine, Chinese patent medicine, and non-pharmacological methods such as acupuncture and tuina. Even though TCM is used daily by more than 70,000 healthcare facilities and over 700,000 clinical practitioners in China, there is a poor understanding of the extent to which TCM diagnostic methods are used, how different treatment modalities are deployed in general, and what major factors may affect the integration of TCM and Western medicine. This study aimed to fill this void in the literature. METHODS In the 2021 National Healthcare Improvement Evaluation Survey, we included three questions gauging the perception and practices of TCM amongst physicians working in TCM-related facilities, investigating the frequency of their deployment of TCM diagnostic methods, and predominant TCM treatment methods. Our empirical analysis included descriptive statistics, intergroup chi-square analysis, and binary logistic regression to examine the association between different types of facilities and individual characteristics and TCM utilization patterns. RESULTS A total of 7618 clinical physicians comprised our study sample. Among them, 84.27% have integrated TCM and Western medicine in their clinical practice, and 80.77% of TCM practitioners used the 4 diagnostic methods as a tool in their clinical practice. Chinese herbal medicine was the most widely utilized modality by Chinese TCM physicians (used by 88.49% of respondents), compared with the Chinese patent medicine and non-pharmacological TCM methods, which were used by 73.14%, and 69.39%, respectively. Herbal tea as an out-of-pocket health-maintenance intervention is also a notable practice, recommended by 29.43% of physicians. Significant variations exist across certain institutions, departments, and individual practitioners. CONCLUSION Given that most of the surveyed physicians integrated TCM with Western medicine in their clinical practices, the practice of "pure TCM" appears to be obsolete in China's tertiary healthcare institutions. Notably, remarkable variation exists in the use of different TCM modalities across institutions and among individuals, which might be related to and thus limited by the practitioners' experience. Future research focusing on the efficacy and safety of TCM interventions for specific diseases, the development of standardized clinical guidelines, and the enhancement of TCM education and training are called for to optimize TCM-Western medicine integration. Please cite this article as: Guo R, Zeng D, Zhao Q, Zhang XY, Zhang XK, Liu YL. How are different traditional Chinese medicine modalities deployed by clinical practitioners in China? Findings from a national survey. J Integr Med. 2025; 23(1): 36-45.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Guo
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dian Zeng
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Office of Hospital Affairs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xin-Yi Zhang
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zhang
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuan-Li Liu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
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Tsai CK, Nfor ON, Lu WY, Liaw YP. Association between varicose veins and constitution of traditional Chinese medicine plus heart-failure-like symptoms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1465843. [PMID: 39507386 PMCID: PMC11538957 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1465843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Varicose veins are a common issue for employees in jobs that require prolonged standing compared with all other employees. However, its relationship with presentations of traditional Chinese medicine constitution is unknown. This study aimed to investigate their association. Material and methods Data in the study were obtained from questionnaires of patients in Taiwan Biobank, enrolled from 2008 to 2020. The responses to the statement "I can see distorted blood vessels on my four limbs (varicose veins)." were categorized into none, mild, moderate, severe. and more severe, and the same scale was also used to classify breathing difficulties and hypotension. Results A total of 11,293 participants were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of women was higher in the studied group compared with the control. Patients complained of breathing difficulties with moderate (30.49%) and severe discomfort (12.44%) in the diseased group. Regarding hypotension, 28.81% and 9.82% of the patients presented with moderate and severe hypotension, respectively. The cofactor odds ratio was 1.775 for severe breathing difficulty/moderate hypotension and 2.235 for severe breathing difficulty/severe hypotension, with statistical significance. The combined impact of breathing difficulties and hypotension increased with severity. Conclusions Varicose veins had a higher association with breathing difficulties and hypotension as the severity of the condition worsened. The combined impact of breathing difficulties and hypotension increased as the disease progressed. Therefore, self-reported assessments can be a useful tool for evaluating patients with asymptomatic varicose veins before the development of "heart-failure-like symptoms" to reduce the risk of underdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ken Tsai
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Lu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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WU T, YANG X, ZHU H, GUO J, ZHU H, ZHANG P, WANG M, LIANG G, SUN H. Regulatory effects of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-myosin light chain kinase pathway on the intestinal epithelial mechanical barrier and the mechanism of modified Pulsatilla decoction in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2024; 44:885-895. [PMID: 39380219 PMCID: PMC11462527 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20240806.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of the protective effect of modified Pulsatilla decoction (, MPD) on the mechanical barrier of the ulcerative colitis (UC) intestinal epithelium in vitro and in vivo. METHODS We established an intestinal epithelial crypt cell line-6 cell barrier injury model by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The model was then treated with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-myosin light chain kinase (p38MAPK-MLCK) pathway inhibitors, p38MAPK-MLCK pathway silencing genes (si-p38MAPK, si-NF-κB, and si-MLCK), and MPD respectively. Transepithelial electronic resistance (TEER) measurements and permeability assays were performed to assess barrier function. Immunofluorescence staining of tight junctions (TJ) was performed. In in vivo experiment, dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis rat model was conducted to evaluate the effect of MPD and mesalazine on UC. The rats were scored using the disease activity index based on their clinical symptoms. Transmission electron microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to examine morphological changes in UC rats. Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to examine the gene and protein expression of significant differential molecules. RESULTS In in vitro study, LPS-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction was inhibited by p38MAPK-MLCK pathway inhibitors and p38MAPK-MLCK pathway gene silencing. Silencing of p38MAPK-MLCK pathway genes decreased TJ expression. MPD treatment partly restored the LPS-induced decreased in TEER and increase in permeability. MPD increased the gene and protein expression of TJ, while down-regulated the LPS-induced high expression of p-p38MAPK and p-MLC. In UC model rats, MPD could ameliorate body weight loss and disease activity index, relieve colonic pathology, up-regulate TJ expression as well as decrease the expression of p-p38MAPK and p-MLC in UC rat colonic mucosal tissue. CONCLUSIONS The p38MAPK-MLCK signaling pathway can affect mechanical barrier function and TJ expression in the intestinal epithelium. MPD restores TJ expression and attenuates intestinal epithelial barrier damage by suppressing the p38MAPK-MLCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting WU
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Xin YANG
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Huiping ZHU
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Jinwei GUO
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Hui ZHU
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Peipei ZHANG
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Meng WANG
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Guoqiang LIANG
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
- 3 Suzhou Academy of Wumen Chinese Medicine, Suzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Hongwen SUN
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215003, China
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12
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Liu D, Pan T, Li X, Zhu D, Li Y, He H, Wu F, Jiang L, Chen Y, Wang X, Liu J, Tan R, Qu H. Effectiveness and safety of Shenfu injection in septic patients with hypoperfusion: A multi-center, open-label, randomized, controlled trial. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2024; 4:484-490. [PMID: 39310059 PMCID: PMC11411428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the Shenfu injection (SFI) combined with standard bundle treatment in septic patients with hypoperfusion. Method This study was a multi-center, randomized, open-label, controlled trial conducted in four teaching hospitals in China. The septic patients with hypoperfusion and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome with Yang-Qi deficiency were enrolled from January 2019, through September 2020. Eligible patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either receive 60 mL of SFI infusion per day plus standard treatment (SFI group) or standard bundle treatment alone (control group). The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were 90-day all-cause mortality time to weaning from mechanical ventilation, time to weaning from vasopressors, time to discharge from the ICU and hospital, and laboratory results after randomization. Results A total of 188 patients completed the trail. This study revealed that the results of the SFI group and the control groups were not statistically significant in 28-day all-cause mortality (10.6% vs. 20.2%, respectively; P=0.106). The infusion of SFI was associated with a significant reduction in the duration of vasopressor use (median=4.0 days, interquartile range [IQR]: 2.0 days-6.0 days vs. median=5.0 days, IQR: 3.0 days-8.0 days, respectively; P=0.043). Patients in the SFI group had statistically greater reductions in plasma lactate levels compared with those in the control group at the first 12 h (median=1.1 mmol/L, IQR: 0.3-2.0 mmol/L vs. median=0.0 mmol/L, IQR: -0.2 to 0.8 mmol/L, respectively; P <0.001) and 24 h (median=1.4 mmol/L, IQR: 0.3-2.2 mmol/L vs. median=0.4 mmol/L, IQR: -0.4 to 1.6 mmol/L, respectively; P=0.001). Conclusion SFI plus standard therapy did not significantly decrease 28-day all-cause mortality for septic patients with hypoperfusion and TCM syndrome with Yang-Qi deficiency.Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR1800020435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duming Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijing Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoming Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongping Qu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Wu XX, Law SK, Ma H, Jiang Z, Li YF, Au DCT, Wong CK, Luo DX. Bio-active metabolites from Chinese Medicinal Herbs for treatment of skin diseases. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-23. [PMID: 39155491 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2391070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Skin diseases have become serious issues to human health and affect one-third of the world's population according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). These consist of internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) factors referring to genetics, hormones, and the body's immune system, as well as environmental situations, UV radiation, or environmental pollution respectively. Generally, Western Medicines (WMs) are usually treated with topical creams or strong medications for skin diseases that help superficially, and often do not treat the root cause. The relief may be instant and strong, sometimes these medicines have adverse reactions that are too strong to be able and sustained over a long period, especially steroid drug type. Chinese Medicinal Herbs (CMHs) are natural resources and relatively mild in the treatment of both manifestation and the root cause of disease. Nowadays, CMHs are attractive to many scientists, especially in studying their formulations for the treatment of skin diseases. METHODS The methodology of this review was searched in nine electronic databases including WanFang Data, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Link, SciFinder, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), without regard to language constraints. All eligible studies are analysed and summarised. RESULTS Based on the literature findings, some extracts or active metabolites divided from CMHs, including Curcumin, Resveratrol, Liquorice, Dandelions, Cortex Moutan, and Calendula officinalis L., are effective for the treatment and prevention of skin diseases because of a wide range of pharmacological activities, e.g. anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, anti-virus, and anti-inflammation to enhance the body's immune system. It is also responsible for skin whitening to prevent pigmentation and premature ageing through several mechanisms, such as regulation or inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB/NF-κB) signalling pathways. CONCLUSION This is possible to develop CMHs, such as Curcumin, Resveratrol, Liquorice, Dandelions, Cortex Moutan and Calendula officinalis L. The ratio of multiple CMH formulations and safety assessments on human skin diseases required studying to achieve better pharmacological activities. Nano formulations are the future investigation for CMHs to combat skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Centre, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siu Kan Law
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Laboratory Medicine Centre, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Fan Li
- Laboratory Medicine Centre, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dawn Ching Tung Au
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Kwok Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Xian Luo
- Laboratory Medicine Centre, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Luo M, Huang J, Wang Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Liu M, Tao Y, Cao R, Chai Q, Liu J, Fei Y. How fragile the positive results of Chinese herbal medicine randomized controlled trials on irritable bowel syndrome are? BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:300. [PMID: 39143474 PMCID: PMC11323352 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The fragility index (FI), which is the minimum number of changes in status from "event" to "non-event" resulting in a loss of statistical significance, serves as a significant supplementary indicator for clinical physicians in interpreting clinical trial results and aids in understanding the outcomes of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). In this systematic literature survey, we evaluated the FI for RCTs evaluating Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and explored potential associations between study characteristics and the robustness of RCTs. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in four databases in Chinese and four databases in English from their inception to January 1, 2023. RCTs encompassed 1:1 ratio into two parallel arms and reported at least one binary outcome that demonstrated statistical significance were included. FI was calculated by the iterative reduction of a target outcome event in the treatment group and concomitant subtraction of a non-target event from that group, until positive significance (defined as P < 0.05 by Fisher's exact test) is lost. The lower the FI (minimum 1) of a trial outcome, the more fragile the positive result of the outcome was. Linear regression models were adopted to explore influence factors of the value of FI. RESULTS A total of 30 trials from 2 4118 potentially relevant citations were finally included. The median FI of total trials included was 1.5 (interquartile range [IQR], 1-5), and half of the trials (n = 15) had a FI equal to 1. In 12 trials (40%), the total number of participants lost to follow-up surpassed the respective FI. The study also identified that increased FI was significantly associated with no TCM syndrome differentiation for inclusion criteria of the patients, larger total sample size, low risk of bias, and larger numbers of events. CONCLUSIONS The majority of CHM IBS RCTs with positive results were found to be fragile. Ensuring adequate sample size, scientifically rigorous study design, proper control of confounding factors, and a quality control calibration for consistency of TCM diagnostic results among clinicians should be addressed to increase the robustness of the RCTs. We recommend reporting the FI as one of the components of sensitivity analysis in future RCTs to facilitate the assessment of the fragility of trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Luo
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinghan Huang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yingqiao Wang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yilin Li
- School of Qi-Huang Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhihan Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Meijun Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yunci Tao
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qianyun Chai
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yutong Fei
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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15
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Park D, Jeong H, Leem J. Exploration of Therapeutic Strategies of Herbal Prescriptions for Carbuncle Treatment to Suggest Modern Approaches to Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Cluster and Network Analyses of the Book « Liu Juan Zi Gui Yi Fang». Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1499. [PMID: 39120202 PMCID: PMC11311748 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12151499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatments in East Asian traditional medicine (EATM) originate from principles for treating abscesses and carbuncles. Understanding the therapeutic principles of Liu Juan Zi Gui Yi Fang (GYF) is essential for optimizing EATM treatment strategies for IBD, but quantitative analysis is lacking. This study aims to extract quantitative information on therapeutic strategies from GYF and present the EATM conceptual framework for IBD treatment. Oral prescriptions for carbuncles were selected, and their constituent herbs and indications were standardized and tokenized for analysis. An EATM expert group classified prescriptions based on the similarity of herbs and indications. Hierarchical and k-means cluster analyses were performed based on herb similarity. The herb-indication (H-I) network for all prescriptions was constructed. Additionally, H-I subnetworks based on the expert group's classifications and the k-means clustering results were constructed and compared to identify treatment goals and the herbs used for each goal. The results showed that the treatment focused on abscess status, wound healing, and patient's recovery capacity, with 'fever' and 'deficiency' as the main indications addressed by tonifying and anti-inflammatory herbs. The therapeutic principles identified in this study can serve as a foundation for developing future herbal intervention units. Further preclinical and clinical research is needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasol Park
- Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan-daero, Sin-dong, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Heonyoung Jeong
- Department of Medical Classics, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan-daero, Sin-dong, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jungtae Leem
- Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan-daero, Sin-dong, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea;
- Research Center of Traditional Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan-daero, Sin-dong, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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16
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Yu M, Shen Z, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Zhang L. The active components of Erzhi wan and their anti-Alzheimer's disease mechanisms determined by an integrative approach of network pharmacology, bioinformatics, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33761. [PMID: 39027618 PMCID: PMC11255520 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Erzhi Wan (EZW), a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine formula, has shown promise as a potential therapeutic option for Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet its mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we employed an integrative in-silico approach to investigate the active components and their mechanisms against AD. We screened four active components with blood-brain barrier permeabilities from TCMSP, along with 307 corresponding targets predicted by SwissTargetPrediction, PharmMapper, and TCMbank websites. Then, we retrieved 2260 AD-related targets from Genecards, OMIM, and NCBI databases. Furthermore, we constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the intersected targets via the STRING database and performed the GO and KEGG enrichment analyses using the "clusterProfiler" R package. The results showed that the intersected targets were intimately related to the p53/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, serotonergic synapse, and response to oxygen level. Subsequently, 25 core targets were found differentially expressed in brain regions by bioinformatics analyses of GEO datasets of clinical samples from the Alzdata database. The binding sites and stabilities between the active components and the core targets were investigated by the molecular docking approach using Autodock 4.2.6 software, followed by pocket detection and druggability assessment via the DoGSiteScorer server. The results showed that acacetin, β-sitosterol, and 3-O-acetyldammarenediol-II strongly interacted with the druggable pockets of AR, CASP8, POLB, and PREP. Eventually, the docking results were further cross-referenced with the literature research and validated by 100 ns of molecular dynamics simulations using GROMACS software. Binding free energies were calculated via MM/PBSA strategy combined with interaction entropy. The simulation results indicated stable bindings between four docking pairs including acacetin-AR, acacetin-CASP8, β-sitosterol-POLB, and 3-O-acetyldammarenediol-II-PREP. Overall, our study demonstrated a theoretical basis for how three active components of EZW confer efficacy against AD. It provides a promising reference for subsequent research regarding drug discoveries and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Zhongqi Shen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Literature and Culture, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Shaozhi Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Longfei Zhang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
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17
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Cheng R, Song C. Online Self-Presentation by Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Medical Professionals in China. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39010643 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2024.2379151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Despite increasing research that examines language features of online medical consultation (OMC) conversations in China, limited attention has been directed to how medical professionals purposefully present themselves in their biographies on OMC websites, an emerging genre of health communication, with even fewer comparative studies on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) medical professionals in this regard. To fill these gaps, this study compares the personal claims and self-presentational strategies used in TCM and WM medical professionals' biographies on a Chinese OMC website. It is found that while Chinese TCM and WM medical professionals present themselves in similar ways, they also demonstrate some important differences. The similarities may be driven by their shared goal of building trust in the OMC context, whereas the differences may be ascribed to TCM-WM differences in clinical philosophies, education histories, clinical cultures, and medical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Cheng
- English Department, School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University
| | - Chuting Song
- English Department, School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University
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18
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Ding J, Ji R, Wang Z, Jia Y, Meng T, Song X, Gao J, He Q. Cardiovascular protection of YiyiFuzi powder and the potential mechanisms through modulating mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum interactions. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1405545. [PMID: 38978978 PMCID: PMC11228702 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1405545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death worldwide and represent a major public health challenge. YiyiFuzi Powder (YYFZ), composed of Coicis semen and Fuzi, is a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription from the Synopsis of Golden Chamber dating back to the Han Dynasty. Historically, YYFZ has been used to treat various CVD, rooted in Chinese therapeutic principles. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that YYFZ may exhibit direct or indirect effects on mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) interactions. This review, focusing on the cardiovascular protective effects of Coicis semen and Fuzi, summarizes the potential mechanisms by which YYFZ acts on mitochondria and the ER. The underlying mechanisms are associated with regulating cardiovascular risk factors (such as blood lipids and glucose), impacting mitochondrial structure and function, modulating ER stress, inhibiting oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, regulating cellular apoptosis, and maintaining calcium ion balance. The involved pathways include, but were not limited to, upregulating the IGF-1/PI3K/AKT, cAMP/PKA, eNOS/NO/cGMP/SIRT1, SIRT1/PGC-1α, Klotho/SIRT1, OXPHOS/ATP, PPARα/PGC-1α/SIRT3, AMPK/JNK, PTEN/PI3K/AKT, β2-AR/PI3K/AKT, and modified Q cycle signaling pathways. Meanwhile, the MCU, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways were downregulated. The PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP, PERK/SREBP-1c/FAS, IRE1, PINK1-dependent mitophagy, and AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways were bidirectionally regulated. High-quality experimental studies are needed to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms of YYFZ in CVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Ji
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhi Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Meng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbin Song
- Graduate School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyong He
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Su YZ, Lu PL. Combining Different Natural Plant Extracts to Stabilize the Antioxidative Activity of Dragon's Blood. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:786. [PMID: 39063541 PMCID: PMC11277873 DOI: 10.3390/life14070786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dragon's blood () is a traditional Chinese medicine known for its wound hemostasis, blood circulation, and stasis properties. Recently, it has also been utilized in cosmetics, though its antioxidant capacity remains unclear. This study aims to stabilize the bioactivity of dragon's blood using various plant extracts. We evaluated single plant extracts and their combinations to identify the conditions that maintained the antioxidant capacity of dragon's blood the longest. Selected plants included Hibiscus sabdariffa, Clitoria ternatea, Hylocereus sp., Pandanus amaryllifolius, and Camellia sinensis. We used two sources of dragon's blood: Daemonorops draco and Dracaena cochinchinensis. Extraction conditions were optimized and antioxidant activity was assessed using the free radical scavenging ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total anthocyanin concentration (TAC), total polyphenol content (TPC), the free radical scavenging activity of ABTS, and a ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The results showed that all plant extracts exhibited high antioxidant capacity. Clitoria ternatea had the highest DPPH scavenging ability at 93.81%, with the best combination being green tea and Daemonorops draco at 92.57%. Clitoria ternatea had the highest TPC at 9921 mg GAE/100 g, with the best combination (green tea and Dracaena cochinchinensis) at 10500 mg GAE/100 g. ABTS activity was highest for green tea at 98.3%, with the best combination (Clitoria ternatea and Daemonorops draco) at 93.29%. The FRAP assay showed that green tea had the highest electron-donating potential at 3.85 mg/mL, with the best combination (Daemonorops draco and Dracaena cochinchinensis) at 3.71 mg/mL. This study advances our understanding of the antioxidant properties of these plants and the traditional Chinese medicine dragon's blood, enhancing the efficacy of dragon's blood in skincare and cosmetics. Moreover, the application of these extracts could rejuvenate local agriculture, impacting the skincare, cosmetics, and sustainable agriculture sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pei-Luen Lu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Taitung University, Taitung 950309, Taiwan;
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20
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Wei CC, Tseng ZR, Liao HW. Discovery and determination of misuse and chemotypes of Pogostemon cablin by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography with diode-array detector. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400208. [PMID: 39031742 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has garnered significant scientific interest in healthcare but faces increased regulatory scrutiny due to concerns about uncontrolled usage. This study focuses on characterizing Pogostemon cablin (PC) to mitigate potential misuse and identify chemotype differences. Leveraging untargeted metabolomics, we identified 222 distinctive features effectively differentiating PC from Agastache rugosa (AR), reducing misidentification risks. Pogostone and tilianin emerged as potential markers, leading to a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method development for PC and AR discrimination. Evaluation of PC chromatograms revealed notable profile and pogostone level differences among samples, suggesting chemotype associations. Untargeted metabolic profiling identified 78 features with significant differences, highlighting 7,3',4'-tri-O-methyleriodictyol as a potential discriminatory marker between PC chemotypes. The developed HPLC-DAD method quantified pogostone and 7,3',4'-tri-O-methyleriodictyol, effectively discriminating PC chemotypes. This platform differentiates PC and AR and distinguishes chemical types within PC, like pogostone-type and patchoulol-type. Applied to local TCM stores, it ensures PC authenticity. This approach addresses TCM control concerns, enhancing understanding and application of herbal medicine by providing insights into PC chemical composition and discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Chun Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Rong Tseng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wei Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Zhao FY, Spencer SJ, Kennedy GA, Zheng Z, Conduit R, Zhang WJ, Xu P, Yue LP, Wang YM, Xu Y, Fu QQ, Ho YS. Acupuncture for primary insomnia: Effectiveness, safety, mechanisms and recommendations for clinical practice. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 74:101892. [PMID: 38232645 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Primary insomnia (PI) is an increasing concern in modern society. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia is the first-line recommendation, yet limited availability and cost impede its widespread use. While hypnotics are frequently used, balancing their benefits against the risk of adverse events poses challenges. This review summarizes the clinical and preclinical evidence of acupuncture as a treatment for PI, discussing its potential mechanisms and role in reliving insomnia. Clinical trials show that acupuncture improves subjective sleep quality, fatigue, cognitive impairments, and emotional symptoms with minimal adverse events. It also positively impacts objective sleep processes, including prolonging total sleep time, improving sleep efficiency, reducing sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset, and enhancing sleep architecture/structure, including increasing N3% and REM%, and decreasing N1%. However, methodological shortcomings in some trials diminish the overall quality of evidence. Animal studies suggest that acupuncture restores circadian rhythms in sleep-deprived rodents and improves their performance in behavioral tests, possibly mediated by various clinical variables and pathways. These may involve neurotransmitters, brain-derived neurotrophic factors, inflammatory cytokines, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, gut microbiota, and other cellular events. While the existing findings support acupuncture as a promising therapeutic strategy for PI, additional high-quality trials are required to validate its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yi Zhao
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, 201209, China; Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Gerard A Kennedy
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Mount Helen, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Zhen Zheng
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Russell Conduit
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Peijie Xu
- School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Li-Ping Yue
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, 201209, China
| | - Yan-Mei Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, 201209, China.
| | - Qiang-Qiang Fu
- Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Yuen-Shan Ho
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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22
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Tian D, Chen W, Xu D, Xu L, Xu G, Guo Y, Yao Y. A review of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis using machine learning: Inspection, auscultation-olfaction, inquiry, and palpation. Comput Biol Med 2024; 170:108074. [PMID: 38330826 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an essential part of the Chinese medical system and is recognized by the World Health Organization as an important alternative medicine. As an important part of TCM, TCM diagnosis is a method to understand a patient's illness, analyze its state, and identify syndromes. In the long-term clinical diagnosis practice of TCM, four fundamental and effective diagnostic methods of inspection, auscultation-olfaction, inquiry, and palpation (IAOIP) have been formed. However, the diagnostic information in TCM is diverse, and the diagnostic process depends on doctors' experience, which is subject to a high-level subjectivity. At present, the research on the automated diagnosis of TCM based on machine learning is booming. Machine learning, which includes deep learning, is an essential part of artificial intelligence (AI), which provides new ideas for the objective and AI-related research of TCM. This paper aims to review and summarize the current research status of machine learning in TCM diagnosis. First, we review some key factors for the application of machine learning in TCM diagnosis, including data, data preprocessing, machine learning models, and evaluation metrics. Second, we review and summarize the research and applications of machine learning methods in TCM IAOIP and the synthesis of the four diagnostic methods. Finally, we discuss the challenges and research directions of using machine learning methods for TCM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingcheng Tian
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Weihao Chen
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Dechao Xu
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Lisheng Xu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Gang Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of TraditionalChinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110000, China
| | - Yaochen Guo
- The Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Yudong Yao
- Research Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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23
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Kwon CY, Kim H, Kim SH. The Modernization of Oriental Music Therapy: Five-Element Music Therapy Combined with Artificial Intelligence. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:411. [PMID: 38338296 PMCID: PMC10855257 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, music has been regarded as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for a number of physical and mental conditions. Five-elements music therapy-based on the five-element theory-is a unique non-pharmacological therapy of East Asian traditional medicine. It has the potential to effectively provide individualized music therapy to individuals with illness. However, one limitation of this music therapy is that the classification of the five elements and its application is mainly based on subjective judgment. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled the acoustic analysis of multi-factor sound sources. This can develop five-element music therapy. Here, we discussed the challenges proposed by the future combination of five-element music therapy and AI. Further, we hypothesized that AI may promote its use in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Young Kwon
- Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsu Kim
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Hee Kim
- Department of Industrial ICT Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea;
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Liao CC, Chien CH, Hsu TJ, Li JM. Advancing breastfeeding promotion: leveraging integrative natural galactagogues and unveiling their potential roles-Insights from a 19-year Taiwan nationwide registry to address lactation insufficiency in postpartum women. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1293735. [PMID: 38371501 PMCID: PMC10869601 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1293735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lactation insufficiency is a prevalent challenge for nursing mothers globally. There is a growing interest in the use of herbal galactagogues for enhancing lactation, but their therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms need thorough investigation. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of action of herbal galactagogues in addressing lactation insufficiency by utilizing real-world data and employing a network analysis approach. Methods Our retrospective study used Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 (LHID2000) to identify 490 patients diagnosed with lactation insufficiency from 2000 to 2018. We analyzed demographic characteristics, co-existing diseases, and prescription patterns for both users and non-users of Chinese herbal products (CHP). Additionally, we utilized a network analysis approach to explore potential compounds and targets in the most frequently used CHP, the Wang Bu Liu Xing and Lu Lu Tong herb pair (WLHP) combination. Results Out of 490 patients, 81% were CHP users. There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics between CHP users and non-users, but we observed a notable divergence in the prevalence of co-existing diseases. A detailed examination of CHP prescriptions revealed the predominance of WLHP, prompting further investigation. Comprehensive analysis identified 29 major compounds in WLHP, which were associated with 215 unique targets. Intersection analysis revealed 101 overlapping targets between WLHP and lactation, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets for lactation insufficiency treatment. Topological analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network identified 13 hub genes potentially crucial for the therapeutic effect of WLHP. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these targets were involved in critical lactation regulation pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, prolactin signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, and AMPK signaling pathway. Discussion This study emphasizes the potential of CHP, specifically the WLHP combination, in managing lactation insufficiency. The multi-compound, multi-target approach of WLHP and its interaction with key biological processes and signaling pathways offer valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of its therapeutic effects. These findings warrant further experimental validation and can guide future research and clinical applications of CHP in lactation insufficiency treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chih Liao
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chuyuan Chinese Medicine Clinic, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsien Chien
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Hsu
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Miao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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25
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Jun P, Zhao H, Jung IC, Jang E, Kwon O, Jang JH. Traditional Medicine Classification Based on the Nature and Location of Disease in Parkinson's Disease: A Clustering Study Using Pattern Identification Disassemble Presented in Clinical Studies. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:99-106. [PMID: 37819739 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate a traditional medicine (TM) classification based on the nature and location of disease for pattern identification (PI) in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study also aimed to present evidence regarding the pathogenesis of PD and provide a basis for establishment of individualized treatment strategies with TM. Methods: An electronic search was conducted in three core databases, three Korean databases, and four Chinese databases. A hierarchical clustering analysis was conducted based on the nature and location of the disease for PD, and the analysis findings were compared with PI in the existing literature. Results: A total of 79 different types of PI were confirmed in 189 PD cases. Cluster analysis using the nature and location of disease disassembled from PI identified 7 groups: group 1 (wind, blood stasis) comprised 15 studies; group 2 (fire-heat, phlegm-retained fluid) comprised 7 studies; group 3 (liver, Qi stagnation) comprised 5 studies; group 4 (kidney, Yang deficiency) comprised 10 studies; group 5 (liver-kidney, Yin deficiency) comprised 93 studies; group 6 (Qi deficiency, blood deficiency) comprised 18 studies; and group 7 (meridian and collateral) comprised 9 studies. Conclusions: The findings provide evidence for the pathogenesis of PD and have the potential to translate into more specific TM patterns for PD. The authors hope that their study results will be used as a foundation for development of traditional medical diagnostic methods and treatments tailored to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purumea Jun
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology, Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - HuiYan Zhao
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology, Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Jung
- Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry and College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsu Jang
- Department of Diagnosis, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ojin Kwon
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Jang
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Moawad G, Youssef Y, Fruscalzo A, Faysal H, Kheil M, Pirtea P, Guani B, Ayoubi JM, Feki A. The Present and the Future of Medical Therapies for Adenomyosis: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6130. [PMID: 37834773 PMCID: PMC10573655 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine Adenomyosis is a benign condition characterized by the presence of endometrium-like epithelial and stromal tissue in the myometrium. Several medical treatments have been proposed, but still, no guidelines directing the management of adenomyosis are available. While a hysterectomy is typically regarded as the definitive treatment for adenomyosis, the scarcity of high-quality data leaves patients desiring fertility with limited conservative options. Based on the available data, the levonorgestrel-IUD appears to offer the most favorable outcomes. Other treatments, including GnRH antagonists, dienogest, prolactin, and oxytocin modulators, show promise; however, further data are required to establish their efficacy definitively. Furthermore, there are many emerging therapies that have been developed that seem worthy of consideration in the near future. The aim of this narrative review was to explore the current medical treatments available for adenomyosis and to provide a glimpse of future therapies under assessment. For this scope, we performed a literature search on PubMed and Medline from incept to September 2022 using the keywords: "medical treatment", "non-steroidal anti-inflammatory", "progesterone intrauterine device", "dienogest", "combined oral contraceptives", "gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist", "gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist", "danazol", "aromatase inhibitors", "ulipristal acetate", "anti-platelet therapy", "dopamine", "oxytocin antagonists", "STAT3", "KRAS", "MAPK", "micro-RNA", "mifepristone", "valproic acid", "levo-tetrahydropalamatine", and "andrographolide". The search was limited to articles in English, with subsequent screening of abstracts. Abstracts were screened to select relevant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaby Moawad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
- The Center for Endometriosis and Advanced Pelvic Surgery, Washington, DC 22101, USA
| | - Youssef Youssef
- Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11220, USA
| | - Arrigo Fruscalzo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HFR—Fribourg, Chemin des Pensionnats 2-6, 1708 Fribourg, Switzerland; (A.F.)
| | - Hani Faysal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mira Kheil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Paul Pirtea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hopital Foch–Faculté de Médecine Paris, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Benedetta Guani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HFR—Fribourg, Chemin des Pensionnats 2-6, 1708 Fribourg, Switzerland; (A.F.)
| | - Jean Marc Ayoubi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hopital Foch–Faculté de Médecine Paris, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Anis Feki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HFR—Fribourg, Chemin des Pensionnats 2-6, 1708 Fribourg, Switzerland; (A.F.)
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27
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Liu Z, Ren Z, Fang L, Liao Y, Ren D, Yu Y, Qin Y, Wu J, Rong P. From the West to the East: an evidence-based educational reform for modern medical students in traditional Chinese medicine learning. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1223614. [PMID: 37766919 PMCID: PMC10520962 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1223614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Generally, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) courses are now given to modern medicine students without proper course scheduling, resulting in poor teaching results. Methods To analyze the main factors affecting TCM learning, we surveyed the medical students and TCM teachers from Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University via online questionnaires. The questionnaire comprised two parts, the students' part included the basic information, the subjective cognition in TCM, the attitude toward TCM course arrangements, and the attitude toward curriculum content and the design of TCM. The teachers' part included the basic information, the attitudes and opinions on TCM course arrangements, and suggestions and views on TCM teaching reform. The related data were collected from 187 medical students divided into two groups, namely, clinical medical students and non-clinical medical students. Results We found a more positive attitude toward TCM [including "Scientific nature of TCM" (P = 0.03) and "Necessity for modern medicine students to learn TCM" (P = 0.037)] in clinical medical students compared with non-clinical medical students, clinical and non-clinical medical students tended to find TCM courses difficult, and the students prefer clinical training to be better than theoretical teaching, while the teachers believe that lecture-based education should have a more significant proportion. Discussion Hence, to optimize the current TCM teaching, we conducted education reform, including differentiated teaching, hybrid teaching, and selective teaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrui Liu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixuan Ren
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linhan Fang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuxuan Liao
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Center of Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Ren
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Yu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yixuan Qin
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianzhen Wu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Datta P, Nath S, Pathade AG, Yelne S. Unveiling the Enigma: Exploring the Intricate Link Between Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy. Cureus 2023; 15:e44552. [PMID: 37790001 PMCID: PMC10544771 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article delves into the intricate and evolving relationship between coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) and takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM), two intriguing cardiovascular conditions increasingly recognised for their potential interplay. We examine their characteristics, shared pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies. Emerging evidence suggests a link between microvascular dysfunction and the development of TCM, leading to a deeper exploration of their connection. Accurate diagnosis of both conditions becomes essential, as microvascular dysfunction may modify TCM outcomes. We underscore the significance of understanding this connection for improved patient care, emphasising the need for tailored interventions when CMD and TCM coexist. Collaborative research and heightened clinical awareness are advocated to advance our comprehension of this relationship. Through interdisciplinary efforts, we aim to refine diagnostic precision, develop targeted therapies, and enhance patient outcomes in cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragyamita Datta
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | | | - Aniket G Pathade
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Seema Yelne
- Nursing, Shalinitai Meghe College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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29
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Zhao R, Zhang J, Gou Q, Gao J. Popularity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Use Among Breast Cancer Patients in North China: A Cross-Sectional Study. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:577-589. [PMID: 37583907 PMCID: PMC10424683 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s416998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Background The role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in breast cancer treatment is controversial. The aim of this study is to explore the popularity of TCM among the breast cancer patients who have been treated with Western medicine (WM) in north China. Methods An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted. We consecutively recruited 691 breast cancer patients who were diagnosed in Shanxi Bethune Hospital between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2020 and completed follow-up between June and August 2022. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection. Participants were asked about TCM use by phone. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed as appropriate. Results At median follow-up of 41 months (range, 17-61 months), 326 (47.2%) participants used TCM. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that residential area, education, annual income per capita, experienced TCM treatment before, stage of diagnosis, and trust in TCM were independent predictors of TCM use. The detail of TCM use and the reason for non-TCM use were presented comprehensively. Conclusion The use of TCM was prevalent among breast cancer patients treated with WM in north China. If WM physician encourage the patients with higher intention to use TCM and provide them with appropriate advices, the quality of life of patients will be further improved through integrating TCM into standard adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingxiang Gou
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinnan Gao
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
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Lv R, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Liu X, Wang Z, Li S, Yu Q, Yue H, Yin Q. Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in ancient traditional Chinese medicine. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:1597-1610. [PMID: 36194363 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-022-02708-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In western medicine, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is an increasingly serious public health hazard, which is exacerbated by the obesity epidemic and an aging population. Ancient medical literature of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) also recorded OSAHS-like symptoms but described the disease from a completely distinct theoretical perspective. The earliest records of snoring in ancient China can be traced back 2500 years. In TCM, the pathogenesis of OSAHS can be attributed mainly to turbid phlegm and blood stasis. Various TCM prescriptions, herbal medicines, and external therapy have also been proposed for the prevention and therapy of OSAHS. Some of these strategies are still used in current clinical practice. This review highlights historical characterizations of OSAHS and the theory of TCM and also explores its therapy in TCM, which may shed light on future OSAHS research. This is the first systematic English review of the role of TCM in the treatment of OSAHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Lv
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shangbin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Yue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingqing Yin
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Kim GO, Park DH, Bae JS. Protective Effects of Cirsilineol against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation; Insights into HO-1, COX-2, and iNOS Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108537. [PMID: 37239882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the potential protective effects of cirsilineol (CSL), a natural compound found in Artemisia vestita, were examined on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses. CSL was found to have antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial properties, and was lethal to many cancer cells. We assessed the effects of CSL on heme oxygenase (HO)-1, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We also examined the effects of CSL on the expression of iNOS, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β in the pulmonary histological status of LPS-injected mice. The results showed that CSL increased HO-1 production, inhibited luciferase-NF-κB interaction, and reduced COX-2/PGE2 and iNOS/NO levels, leading to a decrease in signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1 phosphorylation. CSL also enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, elevated the binding activity between Nrf2 and antioxidant response elements (AREs), and reduced IL-1β expression in LPS-treated HUVECs. We found that CSL's suppression of iNOS/NO synthesis was restored by inhibiting HO-1 through RNAi. In the animal model, CSL significantly decreased iNOS expression in the pulmonary biostructure, and TNF-α level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These findings indicate that CSL has anti-inflammatory properties by controlling iNOS through inhibition of both NF-κB expression and p-STAT-1. Therefore, CSL may have potential as a candidate for developing new clinical substances to treat pathological inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Oun Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Kim GO, Heo JB, Park DH, Song GY, Bae JS. Antiplatelet Aggregation Properties of Cirsilineol: A Novel Inhibitor of Blood Coagulation Factor Xa. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040588. [PMID: 37111345 PMCID: PMC10145360 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A small natural substance called cirsilineol (CSL), which was discovered in the plant Artemisia vestita, is lethal to many cancer cells and has antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of the antithrombotic action of CSL. We demonstrated that CSL has antithrombotic efficacy comparable to rivaroxaban, a direct blood coagulation factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor employed as a positive control, in inhibiting the enzymatic activity of FXa and the platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and U46619, a thromboxane A2 analog. The expression of P-selectin, the phosphorylation of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate by U46619 or ADP, and the activation of PAC-1 in platelets were inhibited by CSL. Nitric oxide production was increased by CSL in ADP- or U46619-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), although excessive endothelin-1 secretion was suppressed. CSL demonstrated strong anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects in a mouse model of arterial and pulmonary thrombosis. Our findings suggest that CSL is a potential pharmacological candidate for a novel class of anti-FXa and antiplatelet medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Oun Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Beom Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Shen Z, Yu M, Dong Z. Research Progress on the Pharmacodynamic Mechanisms of Sini Powder against Depression from the Perspective of the Central Nervous System. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59040741. [PMID: 37109699 PMCID: PMC10141708 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a highly prevalent emotional disorder characterized by persistent low mood, diminished interest, and loss of pleasure. The pathological causes of depression are associated with neuronal atrophy, synaptic loss, and neurotransmitter activity decline in the central nervous system (CNS) resulting from injuries, such as inflammatory responses. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory, patients with depression often exhibit the liver qi stagnation syndrome type. Sini Powder (SNP) is a classic prescription for treating such depression-related syndrome types in China. This study systematically summarized clinical applications and experimental studies of SNP for treatments of depression. We scrutinized the active components of SNP with blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and speculated about the corresponding pharmacodynamic pathways relevant to depression treatment through intervening in the CNS. Therefore, this article can enhance our understanding of SNP's pharmacological mechanisms and formula construction for depression treatment. Moreover, a re-demonstration of this classic TCM prescription in the modern-science language is of great significance for future drug development and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqi Shen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhenfei Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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Wang LS, Chen PJ, Cheng WC, Chang YC, El-Shazly M, Chen LY, Peng BR, Su CH, Yen PT, Hwang TL, Lai KH. Chemometric-guided chemical marker selection: A case study of the heat-clearing herb Scrophularia ningpoensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1153710. [PMID: 37056509 PMCID: PMC10088908 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1153710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The selection of medicinal plants' chemical markers focuses on bioactivity as the primary goal, followed by the nature of secondary metabolites, their stability, and availability. However, herbal medicines are valued for their complex and holistic pharmacological effects. A correct chemical marker can be carefully selected by a systematic clarification of their chemical-biological relationships. In the current study, the multi-informative molecular networking (MIMN) approach was employed to construct the anti-inflammatory metabolomic pattern of a heat-clearing herb, Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. (S. ningpoensis). The MIMN molecular families characterized by cinnamic acid glycosides showed a higher bioactivity score compared with the other two major chemical classes (iridoid glycosides and iridoid-cinnamic acid glycosides). The Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) and Reaxys database were used to assist in the putative annotation of eighteen metabolites from the bioactive and non-bioactive molecular families. The anti-inflammatory validation step was based on the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by activated human neutrophils. All compounds from the bioactive MIMN molecular families dose-dependently inhibited the total ROS generation promoted by fMLF (IC50: 0.04-0.42 μM), while the compounds from non-bioactive MIMN clusters did not show any significant anti-inflammatory effect. The ROS-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of these cinnamic acid glycosides was attributed to their oxygen radical scavenging ability. The most abundant cinnamic acid glycoside, angoroside C (IC50: 0.34 μM) was suggested to be selected as a chemical marker for S. ningpoensis. In this study, the MIMN platform was applied to assist in the chemical marker selection of S. ningpoensis. The correct selection of markers will aid in the compilation and revision of herbal monographs and pharmacopeias resulting in the precise analysis and classification of medicinal plants on a scientific basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Shuo Wang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cornucopia Traditional Medicine Clinic, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Sin-Lau Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lo-Yun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Rong Peng
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Su
- Department of Food Science, College of Human Ecology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Tzu Yen
- Cornucopia Traditional Medicine Clinic, Tainan, Taiwan
- Jian Sheng Tang Chinese Medicine Clinic, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hung Lai
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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The Potential of Flavonoids and Flavonoid Metabolites in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Pathology in Disorders of Cognitive Decline. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030663. [PMID: 36978911 PMCID: PMC10045397 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a biodiverse family of dietary compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial cell protective profiles. They have received considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in biomedicine and have been widely used in traditional complimentary medicine for generations. Such complimentary medical herbal formulations are extremely complex mixtures of many pharmacologically active compounds that provide a therapeutic outcome through a network pharmacological effects of considerable complexity. Methods are emerging to determine the active components used in complimentary medicine and their therapeutic targets and to decipher the complexities of how network pharmacology provides such therapeutic effects. The gut microbiome has important roles to play in the generation of bioactive flavonoid metabolites retaining or exceeding the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of the intact flavonoid and, in some cases, new antitumor and antineurodegenerative bioactivities. Certain food items have been identified with high prebiotic profiles suggesting that neutraceutical supplementation may be beneficially employed to preserve a healthy population of bacterial symbiont species and minimize the establishment of harmful pathogenic organisms. Gut health is an important consideration effecting the overall health and wellbeing of linked organ systems. Bioconversion of dietary flavonoid components in the gut generates therapeutic metabolites that can also be transported by the vagus nerve and systemic circulation to brain cell populations to exert a beneficial effect. This is particularly important in a number of neurological disorders (autism, bipolar disorder, AD, PD) characterized by effects on moods, resulting in depression and anxiety, impaired motor function, and long-term cognitive decline. Native flavonoids have many beneficial properties in the alleviation of inflammation in tissues, however, concerns have been raised that therapeutic levels of flavonoids may not be achieved, thus allowing them to display optimal therapeutic effects. Dietary manipulation and vagal stimulation have both yielded beneficial responses in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders, depression, and anxiety, establishing the vagal nerve as a route of communication in the gut-brain axis with established roles in disease intervention. While a number of native flavonoids are beneficial in the treatment of neurological disorders and are known to penetrate the blood–brain barrier, microbiome-generated flavonoid metabolites (e.g., protocatechuic acid, urolithins, γ-valerolactones), which retain the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency of the native flavonoid in addition to bioactive properties that promote mitochondrial health and cerebrovascular microcapillary function, should also be considered as potential biotherapeutic agents. Studies are warranted to experimentally examine the efficacy of flavonoid metabolites directly, as they emerge as novel therapeutic options.
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Screening the effective components in treating dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency syndrome and elucidating the potential mechanism of Poria water extract. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:83-98. [PMID: 36871985 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Poria is an important medicine for inducing diuresis to drain dampness from the middle energizer. However, the specific effective components and the potential mechanism of Poria remain largely unknown. To identify the effective components and the mechanism of Poria water extract (PWE) to treat dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency syndrome (DSSD), a rat model of DSSD was established through weight-loaded forced swimming, intragastric ice-water stimulation, humid living environment, and alternate-day fasting for 21 days. After 14 days of treatment with PWE, the results indicated that PWE increased fecal moisture percentage, urine output, D-xylose level and weight; amylase, albumin, and total protein levels; and the swimming time of rats with DSSD to different extents. Eleven highly related components were screened out using the spectrum-effect relationship and LC-MS. Mechanistic studies revealed that PWE significantly increased the expression of serum motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), ADCY5/6, p-PKAα/β/γ cat, and phosphorylated cAMP-response element binding protein in the stomach, and AQP3 expression in the colon. Moreover, it decreased the levels of serum ADH, the expression of AQP3 and AQP4 in the stomach, AQP1 and AQP3 in the duodenum, and AQP4 in the colon. PWE induced diuresis to drain dampness in rats with DSSD. Eleven main effective components were identified in PWE. They exerted therapeutic effect by regulating the AC-cAMP-AQP signaling pathway in the stomach, MTL and GAS levels in the serum, AQP1 and AQP3 expression in the duodenum, and AQP3 and AQP4 expression in the colon.
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Rheumatoid arthritis characteristics and classification of heat and cold patterns-an observational study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13439. [PMID: 36873147 PMCID: PMC9975089 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been proven to be an effective complementary therapy in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The cold pattern and the heat pattern were the two main TCM patterns for RA, which is crucial for TCM treatment. The cold pattern is characterized by fear of cold and wind, joint pain with a thin white tongue coating which can be relieved by hot herbs. In contrast, heat pattern patients suffer from severe joint pain with a yellow coating, with red swelling of the skin and high skin temperature which can be relieved by cooling herbs. Objective We aimed to classify the heat and cold patterns in RA patients with cluster analysis and factor analysis. Moreover, we aimed to explore the association of RA characteristics between these two patterns. Methods and Design: A cross-sectional observational research method was used, and data was collected on 300 RA patients in Hangzhou in China. Signs and symptoms associated with RA were clustered using SPSS 22.0 software. In addition, factor analysis was also used for the classification. After classification of heat and cold patterns, characteristics and treatment of the RA participants between the two patterns were explored. Results RA patients in the study were divided into two categories using cluster analysis. Twenty-two symptoms in the first category were included in the heat pattern of RA patients. After factor analysis, nine principal components were extracted to heat pattern. The component with the highest eigenvalue (2.530) were mainly contributed by shortness of breath, palpitation, heavy limbs, chest tightness and yellow greasy tongue with high factor loading values (0.765, 0.703, 0.504, 0.429 and 0.402, respectively). Ten symptoms in the second category were included in the cold pattern of RA patients. Four principal components were extracted to cold pattern. The component with the highest eigenvalue (2.089) were mainly contributed by joint distension and pain, joint stiffness, fatigue and upset with high factor loading values (0.597, 0.590, 0.491 and 0.481, respectively). Although there were no statistical differences between the levels of rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic peptide containing citrulline (anti-CCP), the levels of C-reactive protein, platelet count and the disease activity score using 28 joint counts were significantly higher in the heat pattern RA patients compared to the ones in cold pattern. Moreover, heat pattern RA patients were more likely to be prescribed two more disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS) combined with Methotrexate (MTX) (70.59% versus 49.72%; P = 0.000). Conclusions In conclusion, heat and cold patterns in RA patients could be classified well using cluster analysis and factor analysis. Most of RA patients with heat pattern were active and likely to be prescribed two more DMARDs combined with MTX.
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Kim N, Kim C, Ryu SH, Bae JS. Jujuboside B Inhibited High Mobility Group Box Protein 1-Mediated Severe Inflammatory Responses in Human Endothelial Cells and Mice. J Med Food 2023; 26:40-48. [PMID: 36576404 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a biomolecule that acts as an alerting signal of late sepsis by accelerating the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and eventually leads to various inflammation-related symptoms. When released into plasma at high concentration, it disrupts precise diagnosis and prognosis and worsens the survival of patients with systemic inflammatory conditions. Jujuboside B (JB) is a natural compound pressed from the seed of Zizyphi Spinosi Semen, which is known for its medical efficacies in treating various conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypoxia, and platelet aggregation. Nevertheless, the medicinal activity of JB on HMGB1-involved inflammatory response in vascular cells in the human body is still ambiguous. Therefore, we hypothesized that JB could regulate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced dynamics of HMGB1 and its mediated cascade in inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In this experiment, JB and HMGB1 were administered in that order. In vitro and in vivo permeability, and cell viability, adhesion, and excavation of leukocytes, development of cell adhesion molecules, and lastly production of proinflammatory substances were investigated on human endothelial cells and mouse disease models to investigate the efficacy of JB in inflammatory condition. JB substantially blocked the translocation of HMGB1 from HUVECs and controlled HMGB1-induced adhesion and extravasation of the neutrophils through LPS-treated HUVECs. Moreover, JB decreased the formation of HMGB1 receptors and continually prevented HMGB1-induced proinflammatory mechanisms by blocking transcription of nuclear factor-κB and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-α. In conclusion, JB demonstrated preventive effects against inflammatory pathologies and showed the potential to be a candidate substance for various inflammatory diseases by regulating HMGB1-mediated cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chaeyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soo Ho Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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A Biflavonoid-Rich Extract from Selaginella doederleinii Hieron. against Throat Carcinoma via Akt/Bad and IKKβ/NF-κB/COX-2 Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121505. [PMID: 36558956 PMCID: PMC9785591 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Selaginella doederleinii Hieron. is a common pharmacological plant, and this folk herbal medicine and its complex preparations have been widely used for the treatment of throat carcinoma (TC) and several associated complications in traditional Chinese medicine. This study was aimed at investigating the specific anti-throat carcinoma impacts and potential mechanisms of a biflavonoid-rich extract from S. doederleinii (SD-BFRE). The phytochemical profiling of SD-BFRE was performed by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and UPLC-PDA, and the detailed pharmacological effects and mechanisms were respectively evaluated in vitro and in vivo. MTT assay, the Transwell assay and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the abilities of SD-BFRE on inhibiting cell infiltrative growth in TC cells (Hep-2 and FaDu) in in vitro experiments. In vivo experiments used Hep-2 tumor-bearing nude mice to evaluate the anti-TC effect of SD-BFRE. Western blotting was used to explore the potential apoptotic pathway of TC cells. Here, we found that SD-BFRE exhibited anti-proliferation and pro-apoptotic effects in TC cells. Mechanistic studies have identified that SD-BFRE can suppress the activity of IKKβ and IκB-α kinase and then down-regulate the effector proteins of NF-κB/COX-2 signaling. Moreover, SD-BFRE induced apoptosis partly by regulating the Akt/Bad/caspase signaling pathway. Taken together, this study firstly demonstrated that SD-BFRE exerted its anti-TC effects by way of IKKβ/NF-κB/COX-2 and Akt/Bad pathways and might represent a potential chemotherapeutic agent for throat carcinoma.
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Teo WY, Chu SWF, Chow LY, Yeam CT, Low LL, Quah JHM, Foo M, Seng JJB. Role of Alternative Medical Systems in Adult Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review of Literature. Cureus 2022; 14:e32874. [PMID: 36694496 PMCID: PMC9867890 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the use of alternative medical systems (AMS), such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), ayurveda, homeopathy, and naturopathy, among chronic kidney disease patients. This review summarizes the efficacy and safety of AMS interventions in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PsycINFO in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which evaluated the use of AMS among adult CKD patients were included. The efficacy of each AMS was assessed based on improvement in biochemical markers or reduction in symptom severity scores. All adverse reactions were recorded. Of the 14,583 articles retrieved, 33 RCTs were included. TCM (n=20) and ayurveda (n=6) were the most well-studied. Majority of studies (66.7%) had a sample size <100. Common indications evaluated included improvement in renal function (n=12), proteinuria (n=5), and uremic pruritus (n=5). Among TCM, acupuncture and syndromes-based TCM granules formulation were shown to improve estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by 5.1-15.5% and 7.07-8.12% respectively. Acupuncture reduced uremic pruritus symptoms by 54.7-60.2% while Huangkui, Shenqi granules, and Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F reduced proteinuria by 18.6-50.7%, 61.8%, and 32.1% respectively. For Ayurveda, camel milk and Nigella sativa oil improved eGFR by 16.9% and 86.8%, respectively, while capsaicin reduced pruritus scores by 84.3%. Homeopathic verum medication reduced pruritus scores by 29.2-41.5%. Nausea was the most common adverse effect reported with alpha-keto amino acids (0.07%), Nigella sativa oil (7.04%), and silymarin (10%). TCM and ayurveda were more well-studied AMS therapies that demonstrated efficacy in CKD patients. RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed to ascertain the efficacy and safety of promising AMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yi Teo
- Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SGP
| | - Shu Wen Felicia Chu
- Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | - Li Yue Chow
- Accounting, Singapore Management University, Singapore, SGP
| | | | - Lian Leng Low
- Family Medicine and Continuing Care, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | | | - Marjorie Foo
- Renal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SGP
| | - Jun Jie Benjamin Seng
- Family Medicine, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, SGP
- Medicine, Ministry of Health Holdings, Singapore, SGP
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Li Z, Mao JY, Zhou XH, Xu ZD. Network Pharmacological Investigation of Sinomenine Action Against Synovitis. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1550.1559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim C, Kim GO, Bae JS. Cirsilineol Treatment Attenuates PM 2.5-Induced Lung Injury in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213948. [PMID: 36430427 PMCID: PMC9692977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrafine particulate matter with less than 2.5 μm diameter (PM2.5) is an air pollutant that causes severe lung damage. Currently, effective treatment and preventive methods for PM2.5-induced lung damage are limited. Cirsilineol (CSL) is a small natural compound isolated from Artemisia vestita. In this study, the efficacy of CSL on PM2.5-induced lung toxicity was tested, and its mechanism was identified. Lung injury was caused by intratracheal administration of PM2.5 suspension in animal models. Two days after PM2.5 pretreatment, CSL was injected via mouse tail vein for two days. The effects of CSL on PM2.5-induced lung damage, autophagy, apoptosis, and pulmonary inflammation in a mouse model and their mechanisms were investigated. CSL significantly suppressed histological lung damage and lung wet/dry weight proportion. CSL also significantly reduced PM2.5-induced autophagy dysfunction, apoptosis, lymphocyte suppression, and inflammatory cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF). Furthermore, CSL increased mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation and significantly inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4, MyD88, and the autophagy proteins, Beclin1 and LC3II. Thus, CSL exerts protective effects on pulmonary damage by regulating mTOR and TLR2,4-myD88 autophagy pathways. Therefore, CSL can be used as an effective treatment for PM2.5-induced lung damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jong-Sup Bae
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-8570; Fax: +82-53-950-8557
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43
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Jin C, Cho KH, Kwon S, Lee HG, Kim TH, Jung WS, Moon SK, Cho SY, Kang BK, Park JM, Park HJ, Ko CN. Effectiveness and safety of herbal medicine Ukgansan for clinical symptoms in Parkinson's disease: A pilot, randomized, assessor-blinded clinical trial. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1025269. [DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1025269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease in which patients are suffering various symptoms. Previous experimental studies suggested that herbal medicine Ukgansan (UGS) could be beneficial for PD. The aim of this pilot clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of UGS for improving clinical symptoms in patients with PD.MethodsSixty patients with idiopathic PD were randomly assigned to receive either UGS plus acupuncture or acupuncture alone for 6 weeks. During the trial, all anti-parkinsonian medications were maintained. Subjects were evaluated for various clinical assessments of PD, including the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and the 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), until 12 weeks.ResultsIn MDS-UPDRS between the groups, no significant time x group interaction was found. In the subgroup analysis of participants with anxiety, a significant time x group interaction was found in the PDQ-39 domain of mobility (P = 0.007), activities of daily living (P = 0.042), and the PDQ-39 summary index (P = 0.048). In addition, post-hoc analysis in participants with anxiety showed a significant decrease in the domains of mobility (P = 0.001) and activities of daily living (P = 0.013) at week 7. There were no adverse events associated with UGS.ConclusionThe additional administration of UGS has the potential to significantly improve the quality of life of PD patients with anxiety. In order to create more definitive evidence, clinical trials with more rigorous methodologies should be conducted in future.Clinical trial registrationhttp://cris.nih.go.kr, identifier: KCT0003444.
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44
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Zhu B, Fang J, Ju Z, Chen Y, Wang L, Wang H, Xing L, Cao A. Zuogui Wan ameliorates high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis and improves diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:991976. [PMID: 36386214 PMCID: PMC9663993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.991976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Zuogui Wan (ZGW), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used to nourish “Kidney-Yin” for a long time in China, implying a protective effect on the kidney. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of ZGW on high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in db/db mice. ZGW (1 g/kg−1/day−1) was administered intragastrically to db/db mice for 8 weeks. HPLC was used for identifying the components of ZGW, biochemical and histopathological approaches were used for evaluating its therapeutic effects, and cultured mouse podocytes were used for further exploring its underlying mechanism in vitro. ZGW improved renal function and podocyte loss and also normalized kidney reactive oxygen species production in db/db mice. The cytotoxicity of ZGW on mouse podocytes was assessed by the LDH assay. The effect of ZGW on podocyte viability and apoptosis was determined with CCK-8 and Annexin-V/PI staining by treatment with high glucose. ZGW attenuated podocyte apoptosis, and oxidative stress was detected by the peroxide-sensitive fluorescent probe 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ZGW decreased the expression of caspase-3 and phospho-p38 in both the kidney cortex and high glucose-treated podocytes. Thus, our data from in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that ZGW improved renal injury in diabetes by inhibiting oxidative stress and podocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengcai Ju
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescriptions and MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Xing
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Xing, ; Aili Cao,
| | - Aili Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Xing, ; Aili Cao,
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Formenti P, Piuri G, Bisatti R, Pinciroli R, Umbrello M. Role of acupuncture in critically ill patients: A systematic review. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 13:62-71. [PMID: 36685071 PMCID: PMC9845654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is part of a complex medical approach used in China for about 2000 years, known as Traditional Chinese Medicine, whose central assumption is that health occurs when the patterned energy flow throughout the body is balanced. Within this paradigm, acute illness occurs when a major state of imbalance or disruption arises, and the use of acupuncture may help in correcting these imbalances. While the Chinese hospital system often offers the integration of traditional and western medicine, in Europe and the United States this combined approach is infrequently practiced. However, several investigations have consistently shown the effectiveness of acupuncture for different aspects of critical illness. The aim of this systematic review is to increase the clinician's awareness of the current evidence regarding the use of acupuncture for the management of critically ill patients, both alone or as a complement to western medicine. The effects of acupuncture on critical illness, with a particular focus on respiratory function, pain and delirium treatment and prevention, circulatory function, nutritional support, and recovery after acute illness are explored and summarized, and evidence is provided that acupuncture is an acceptable and feasible option for the management of several aspects of critical illness. In addition, we suggest a practical selection of potentially useful acupuncture points in the critical care setting, with indications for simple localization and the correct puncture method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Formenti
- SC Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale San Paolo – Polo Universitario, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Riccardo Pinciroli
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Michele Umbrello
- SC Anestesia e Rianimazione II, Ospedale San Carlo Borromeo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo – Polo Universitario, Milan, Italy,Corresponding author. SC Anestesia e Rianimazione II, Ospedale San Carlo Borromeo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo – Polo Universitario, 20151, Milano, Italy.
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46
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Yap SY, Ng FL, Subramaniam M, Lim YM, Foo CN. Traditional Chinese Medicine Body Constitutions as Predictors for Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:423. [PMID: 36354400 PMCID: PMC9687208 DOI: 10.3390/bs12110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine body constitution (TCMBC) reflects a person's vulnerability to diseases. Thus, identifying body constitutions prone to depression can help prevent and treat depression. The review aimed to assess and summarize the existing evidence that explores the relationship between TCMBC and depression. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, MEDLINE, PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, Embase, VIP, CINAHL, and CMJ were searched from inception to April 2021. Observational studies assessing the association between TCMBC and depression were selected. The quality of the included studies were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Eighteen studies were included in the systematic review and thirteen in the meta-analysis. The pooled odd ratios of developing depression for Qi-stagnation, Qi-deficiency, Yang-deficiency, Yin-deficiency, and Balanced constitutions were 3.12 (95% CI, 1.80-5.40; I2 = 94%), 2.15 (95% CI, 1.54-3.01; I2 = 89%), 1.89 (95% CI, 0.71-5.03; I2 = 81%), 1.41 (95% CI, 0.91-2.20; I2 = 57%), and 0.60 (95% CI, 0.40-0.90; I2 = 94%), respectively. The findings suggest that the evaluation of a person's TCMBC could be useful the in prevention and treatment of depression. However, more case-control and cohort studies are required to further confirm the association between TCMBC and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Yee Yap
- Centre for Cancer Research, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, PT21144, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Foong Leng Ng
- Centre for Cancer Research, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, PT21144, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, PT21144, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Menaga Subramaniam
- Centre for Cancer Research, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, PT21144, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yang Mooi Lim
- Centre for Cancer Research, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, PT21144, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pre-Clinical Science, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Lot PT21144, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chai Nien Foo
- Centre for Cancer Research, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, PT21144, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Population Medicine, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, PT21144, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
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Kim C, Sim H, Bae JS. Benzoylpaeoniflorin Activates Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms to Mitigate Sepsis in Cell-Culture and Mouse Sepsis Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113130. [PMID: 36361915 PMCID: PMC9656632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Xuebijing injection (XBJI) (comprising of five herbs) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine for sepsis treatment. However, the bioactive components of XBJI and the mechanisms responsible for its sepsis-mitigating action have not been experimentally determined. One of the main bioactive compounds in XBJI—benzoylpaeoniflorin (BPF)—inhibits the expressions of key mediators of inflammation such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), and COX-2. However, its effects on sepsis have not been determined yet. Therefore, here, we investigated the immunomodulatory effect of BPF on severely inflamed endothelial cells, THP-1 macrophages, peritoneal macrophages, and mice. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and THP-1-macrophages were activated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after pretreatment with BPF. Subsequently, changes in the expression profiles of pro-inflammatory molecules including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, we monitored the phosphorylation of NF-kB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) to determine their activation levels. Using the LPS-induced mouse model of sepsis, we studied the effects of BPF on inflammatory cytokine production, pulmonary histopathology, and survival rates. Finally, we evaluated whether BPF protects against cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis, as it closely mimics human sepsis. BPF pretreatment inhibited LPS-induced increase in mRNA and protein levels of iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 in HUVECs and THP-1-macrophages. It also suppressed LPS-mediated phosphorylation of p65, p38, JNK, and ERK. Mice with LPS-induced-sepsis who were treated with BPF had lower serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL1, and CXCL2 than the control mice treated with BPF. Histopathology revealed that BPF treatment alleviated LPS-induced lung damage. In addition, in mice given a lethal dose of LPS, BPF treatment showed a dose-dependent improvement in survival rates. BPF treatment dose-dependently inhibited the LPS-induced IL-6, TNF-α, and CXCL1 production in peritoneal macrophages. BPF treatment also dose-dependently improved the survival rates in mice with CLP-induced sepsis. These results show that BPF alleviates LPS-stimulated septic conditions and protects mice from CLP-induced sepsis. Our research marks BPF as a potential drug in the treatment of sepsis and various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jong-Sup Bae
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-8570; Fax: +82-53-950-8557
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48
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Murudkar PH, Tambe MS, Chandrasekar S, Boddeda B, Pawar AT. Common Ayurvedic, Chinese traditional and Unani antidiabetic formulations- a review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:991083. [PMID: 36313351 PMCID: PMC9597356 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.991083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most widely recognized endocrine disorder which is influencing a bigger populace on the planet. There are various causes of diabetes, such as physical inactivity, obesity, family history, race, and age. Diabetes mellitus is associated with some life-threatening complications, such as neuropathy, nephropathy, various eye diseases or retinopathy, and cardiovascular disorders. Many synthetic antihyperglycemic agents are available in the market for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. But, due to some serious side effects of these synthetic agents, people are opting for herbal remedies and, therefore, they are now becoming popular. Herbal remedies have lesser side effects and higher affordability and therefore can be preferably used over synthetic agents for a long-term disorder like diabetes mellitus. In the present study, scientific research and review studies on the topic were collected from Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other relevant sources. The references of all the articles were screened manually for any additional information on popular polyherbal formulations in traditional Ayurvedic, Chinese, and Unani medicinal systems. It is found that these polyherbal formulations are studied for anti-diabetic potential. Furthermore, some are also investigated for mechanism of action of anti-diabetic effects. This review highlights various Ayurvedic, Chinese, and Unani polyherbal formulations commonly utilized in the management of diabetes mellitus along with their pre-clinical and clinical investigations, which will enhance the existing knowledge of the researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta H. Murudkar
- School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India
| | - Mukul S. Tambe
- School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India
| | | | | | - Anil T. Pawar
- School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India
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Rizvi SAA, Einstein GP, Tulp OL, Sainvil F, Branly R. Introduction to Traditional Medicine and Their Role in Prevention and Treatment of Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1442. [PMID: 36291651 PMCID: PMC9599697 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases have been a threat to human health globally. The relentless efforts and research have enabled us to overcome most of the diseases through the use of antiviral and antibiotic agents discovered and employed. Unfortunately, the microorganisms have the capability to adapt and mutate over time and antibiotic and antiviral resistance ensues. There are many challenges in treating infections such as failure of the microorganisms to respond to the therapeutic agents, which has led to more chronic infections, complications, and preventable loss of life. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach and collaboration is warranted to create more potent, effective, and versatile therapies to prevent and eradicate the old and newly emerging diseases. In the recent past, natural medicine has proven its effectiveness against various illnesses. Most of the pharmaceutical agents currently used can trace their origin to the natural products in one way, shape, or form. The full potential of natural products is yet to be realized, as numerous natural resources have not been explored and analyzed. This merits continuous support in research and analysis of ancient treatment systems to explore their full potential and employ them as an alternative or principal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed A. A. Rizvi
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA
| | - George P. Einstein
- College of Medicine, University of Science, Arts and Technology, Olveston P.O. Box 506, UK
| | - Orien L. Tulp
- College of Medicine, University of Science, Arts and Technology, Olveston P.O. Box 506, UK
| | - Frantz Sainvil
- College of Medicine, University of Science, Arts and Technology, Olveston P.O. Box 506, UK
| | - Rolando Branly
- Physical Sciences Department, Broward College, Davie, FL 33332, USA
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50
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Mendo B, Gonçalves M, Lopes L, Matos LC, Machado J. Can Yoga, Qigong, and Tai Chi Breathing Work Support the Psycho-Immune Homeostasis during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1934. [PMID: 36292380 PMCID: PMC9601556 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Breathing is crucial in life; nevertheless, the healthcare community often overlooks the health potential of breathing techniques. Conscious manipulation of breathing to achieve specific health goals is found in yoga, Qigong and Tai Chi. This paper reviews the value of breathing exercises as a foremost mechanism for promoting, recuperating and maintaining health. Practices involving breathing techniques are described, and their prophylactic or therapeutic characteristics are explored. The main goals of this review are: (i) to summarize the evidence supporting the hypothesis that breathing practices have a significant beneficial impact on human health; (ii) to provide a deeper understanding of traditional biofeedback practices, particularly yoga, Qigong and Tai Chi, and outline their focus on breathing techniques; (iii) to outline specific immune-related responses, relevant for COVID-19 disorders; and (iv) to call for committed attention and action from the scientific community and health agencies in promoting the implementation of a practical and costless health program based on breathing techniques. This review shows the health potentials of breathing practices and exercises, which, by having a high benefit-cost ratio, could be selected and implemented as a primary standard routine in public health programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Mendo
- ICBAS–Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CBSin–Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, 4250-105 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Gonçalves
- ICBAS–Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CBSin–Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, 4250-105 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lara Lopes
- ICBAS–Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CBSin–Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, 4250-105 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Carlos Matos
- CBSin–Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, 4250-105 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- CTEC–Centro Transdisciplinar de Estudos da Consciência, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Machado
- ICBAS–Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CBSin–Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, 4250-105 Porto, Portugal
- LABIOMEP–Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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