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Napoleon JS, Weva VK, Evans DW, Namdari R, Francois T, Sherman J, Morisseau N, Lafontant E, Atkinson K, Miller S, Kidd SA, Burack JA. Rethinking narratives about youth experiencing homelessness: The influence of self-determined motivation and peer relations on coping. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 52:382-398. [PMID: 38031717 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Using the cognitive appraisal theory of coping and the self-determination theory of motivation, we examined the shared variance of motivational orientations, attachment relationships, and gender on adaptive and maladaptive coping among youth experiencing homelessness. Several scales including The Global Motivation Scale (assessing motivational orientations; i.e., autonomous and controlled motivation), the Brief Cope (adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies), and the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (self-perceptions of relationships with mothers, fathers, and peers) were administered to 102 youth aged between 16 and 24 (Mage = 20, SD = 2.07) years recruited from an evening program for youth experiencing homelessness in Montreal, Canada. Autonomous motivation was positively associated with engagement in effective coping strategies, while controlled motivation was positively linked to maladaptive coping. Moderation analyses were used to examine whether gender and relationships with attachment figures moderated the relationship between motivation and coping. A significant main effect of peer attachment on adaptive coping emerged, in which greater peer attachment was related to more adaptive coping among the youth. No interaction effects resulted. Although no significant moderating effects were associated with essential relationships and gender, further research implementing a more nuanced approach to assessing the interaction between these constructs may be warranted. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of intervention programs for youth experiencing homelessness, that focus on enhancing autonomous motivation and utilizing peer support to optimize the use of adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa K Weva
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - David W Evans
- Neuroscience Program, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania and Clare Hall College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Reyhane Namdari
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Kristi Atkinson
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sydney Miller
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sean A Kidd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jacob A Burack
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Shokrkon A, Nicoladis E. Mental health in Canadian children and adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic: the role of personality and, coping and stress responses. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1190375. [PMID: 37404585 PMCID: PMC10315680 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1190375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic first emerged in China and quickly spread to other countries. Previous studies have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequences have negatively impacted the mental health of adults. Individual differences such as personality could contribute to mental health. Furthermore, coping and responses to stress may affect an individual's response to the pandemic. In the past, studies have only investigated this relationship in adults. In the current study, we examine how personality traits (using the Five-Factor Model as our framework) and Coping and Response to COVID-19 stress are related to the mental health of Canadian children and adolescents during the pandemic. Using parent reports of 100 preschoolers and 607 6-18-year-old children, we performed multiple regression analysis to explore how personality traits predict the effects of COVID-19 on mental health. The results showed that personality traits are associated with the mental health of Canadian youth during the COVID-19 pandemic. In preschoolers, Neuroticism and Agreeableness predicted the most mental health problems, and in 6-18-year-old children, Extraversion negatively predicted the most mental health problems. Also, Openness to Experience was the weakest predictor of mental health status in Canadian youth. These findings could be useful in understanding children's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and could assist public health services delivering mental health services specifically tailored to children's personalities during and after this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Shokrkon
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Elena Nicoladis
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Morse L, Paul SM, Cooper BA, Oppegaard K, Shin J, Calvo-Schimmel A, Harris C, Hammer M, Conley Y, Wright F, Levine JD, Kober KM, Miaskowski C. Higher Stress in Oncology Patients is Associated With Cognitive and Evening Physical Fatigue Severity. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 65:203-215. [PMID: 36423801 PMCID: PMC11189665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cognitive and physical fatigue are common symptoms experienced by oncology patients. Exposure to stressful life events (SLE), cancer-related stressors, coping styles, and levels of resilience may influence the severity of both dimensions of fatigue. OBJECTIVES Evaluate for differences in global, cancer-specific, and cumulative life stress, as well as resilience and coping in oncology patients (n=1332) with distinct cognitive fatigue AND evening physical fatigue profiles. METHODS Latent profile analysis, which combined the two symptom scores, identified three subgroups of patients with distinct cognitive fatigue AND evening physical fatigue profiles (i.e., Low, Moderate, High). Patients completed measures of global, cancer-specific, and cumulative life stress as well measures of resilience and coping. Differences among the latent classes in the various measures were evaluated using parametric and nonparametric tests. RESULTS Compared to Low class, the other two classes reported higher global and cancer-specific stress. In addition, they reported higher occurrence rates for sexual harassment and being forced to touch prior to 16 years of age. Compared to the other two classes, High class reported lower resilience scores and higher use of denial, substance use, and behavioral disengagement. CONCLUSION To decrease both cognitive and evening physical fatigue, clinicians need to assess for relevant stressors and initiate interventions to increase resilience and the use of engagement coping strategies. Additional research is warranted on the relative contribution of various social determinants of health to both cognitive and physical fatigue in oncology patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Morse
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Steven M Paul
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Bruce A Cooper
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Kate Oppegaard
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Joosun Shin
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alejandra Calvo-Schimmel
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Carolyn Harris
- School of Nursing (C.H.,Y.C.,), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marilyn Hammer
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute (M.H.), Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yvette Conley
- School of Nursing (C.H.,Y.C.,), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Fay Wright
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing (F.W.), New York University, New York, New York
| | - Jon D Levine
- School of Medicine (J.D.L, C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kord M Kober
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- School of Nursing (L.M.,S.M. P.,B.A.C.,K.O.,J.S.,A.C.S.,K.M.K.,C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California;; School of Medicine (J.D.L, C.M.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Montañés P, Lacalle M, Carbonero D, Manzano-García G. Burden Predictors for Informal Caregivers of Older Adults in Spain: The Role of Cohabitation, Coping Strategies, Social Support, and Evaluation of Preexisting Relationships. HEALTH & SOCIAL WORK 2022; 47:284-291. [PMID: 36102835 DOI: 10.1093/hsw/hlac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Given the role that informal caregivers play in caring for older adults and the importance of understanding the variables that may predict the burden that they experience due to caregiving, the aim of this article is to examine the relationship between different variables and the caregiver's subjective burden. Authors examined the relationship between caregivers' sociodemographic characteristics (age and gender), the context in which the care is provided (cohabiting or not), duty as a reason for taking on the role of caregiver, the evaluation of the preexisting relationship between caregiver and care recipient, as well as coping strategies and social support as predictor variables of subjective burden. For this purpose, 161 caregivers of older Spanish adults completed a questionnaire containing information on the corresponding variables. The results indicate that people cohabiting with care recipients experience a greater subjective burden than those who live apart. The caregiver's evaluation of their preexisting relationship with the care recipient and perceived family support negatively predicts the subjective burden, while maladaptive coping strategies positively predict it. These results underline the importance of considering these variables in caregiver support programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Montañés
- PhD, is associate professor; Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - María Lacalle
- MSW, is a social worker; Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Domingo Carbonero
- PhD, Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Manzano-García
- PhD, are associate professors, Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
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Pacheco-Barcia V, Gomez D, Obispo B, Mihic Gongora L, Hernandez San Gil R, Cruz-Castellanos P, Gil-Raga M, Villalba V, Ghanem I, Jimenez-Fonseca P, Calderon C. Role of sex on psychological distress, quality of life, and coping of patients with advanced colorectal and non-colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:2025-2037. [PMID: 36310711 PMCID: PMC9611434 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i10.2025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer must cope with the negative effects of cancer and complications.
AIM To evaluate psychological distress, quality of life, and coping strategies in patients with advanced colorectal cancer compared to non-colorectal cancer based on sex.
METHODS A prospective, transversal, multicenter study was conducted in 203 patients; 101 (50%) had a colorectal and 102 (50%) had digestive, non-colorectal advanced cancer. Participants completed questionnaires evaluating psychological distress (Brief Symptom Inventory-18), quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30), and coping strategies (Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer) before starting systemic cancer treatment.
RESULTS The study included 42.4% women. Women exhibited more depressive symptoms, anxiety, functional limitations, and anxious preoccupation than men. Patients with non-colorectal digestive cancer and women showed more somatization and physical symptoms than subjects with colorectal cancer and men. Men with colorectal cancer reported the best health status.
CONCLUSION The degree of disease acceptance in gastrointestinal malignancies may depend on sex and location of the primary digestive neoplasm. Future interventions should specifically address sex and tumor site differences in individuals with advanced digestive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Pacheco-Barcia
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Alcala University (UAH), Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, Madrid 28047, Spain
| | - David Gomez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Berta Obispo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid 28031, Spain
| | - Luka Mihic Gongora
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo 33011, Spain
| | | | | | - Mireia Gil-Raga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, CIBERONC, Valencia 46014, Spain
| | - Vicente Villalba
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08007, Spain
| | - Ismael Ghanem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Paula Jimenez-Fonseca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, ISPA, Oviedo 33007, Spain
| | - Caterina Calderon
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08007, Spain
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Core Self-Evaluation, Emotional Reactivity to Interpersonal Conflict, and Subjective Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Horizontal Collectivism. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14052515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to examine a moderated mediation model wherein core self-evaluation (CSE) and horizontal collectivism (HC) interact to predict negative emotional reactivity to interpersonal conflict, and thus HC moderates the indirect effects of CSE on subjective well-being (SWB) through emotional reactivity. A short-term prospective study was conducted with 257 South Korean university students. Participants completed measures of CSE and HC, and then reported their experiences with interpersonal conflict and SWB in an online survey about two weeks later. We found that, among low HC participants, after controlling for the importance of conflict issues, individual differences in CSE predicted emotional reactivity to interpersonal conflict, and emotional reactivity was in turn negatively associated with SWB. By contrast, among high-HC participants, emotional reactivity to interpersonal conflict did not differ as a function of CSE, and the indirect effects of CSE on SWB were not significant. These findings highlight the importance of high CSE and HC values in fostering emerging adults’ resilience against the detrimental effects of interpersonal conflict in sustaining individuals’ SWB. Implications for conflict management interventions are discussed.
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Townsend ML, Miller CE, Matthews EL, Grenyer BFS. Parental Response Style to Adolescent Self-Harm: Psychological, Social and Functional Impacts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413407. [PMID: 34949017 PMCID: PMC8703416 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent self-harm is a significant public health issue. We aimed to understand how parent stress response styles to their child's self-harm affects their wellbeing and functioning and the wider family. Thirty-seven participants in Australia (parents; 92% female) completed a mixed methods survey regarding their adolescent child's self-harm. We conducted Pearson zero-order correlations and independent t-tests to examine the impact of parent response style on their quality of life, health satisfaction, daily functioning, and mental health. We also used thematic analysis to identify patterns of meaning in the data. Two-thirds of participants reported mental ill health and reduced functional capacity due to their adolescent's self-harm. Parents with a more adaptive response style to stress had better mental health. Qualitative analyses revealed parents experienced sustained feelings of distress and fear, which resulted in behavioural reactions including hypervigilance and parental mental health symptoms. In the wider family there was a change in dynamics and parents reported both functional and social impacts. There is a need to develop psychological support for the adolescent affected and parents, to support more adaptive response styles, and decrease the negative effects and facilitate the wellbeing of the family unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Townsend
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (C.E.M.); (E.L.M.); (B.F.S.G.)
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Caitlin E. Miller
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (C.E.M.); (E.L.M.); (B.F.S.G.)
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Emily L. Matthews
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (C.E.M.); (E.L.M.); (B.F.S.G.)
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Brin F. S. Grenyer
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (C.E.M.); (E.L.M.); (B.F.S.G.)
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Linking post-stressor interpersonal processes in adolescent girls' close friendships with acute HPA stress responses. J Adolesc 2021; 92:10-19. [PMID: 34388607 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For adolescent girls, close friendships may facilitate stress management and mitigate risk for internalizing psychopathology. However, little is known about how friendship processes may buffer (or potentially exacerbate) acute psychobiological responses to interpersonal stressors in ways that affect risk. METHODS In a sample of 220 girls (ages 12-17 years) with a history of internalizing symptoms, this study investigated friendship dynamics following the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to evaluate associations between post-stressor friendship behaviors (expressions of vulnerability by the stressed teen; support offered by their close friend) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis stress responses. RESULTS Multilevel regression modeling revealed that girls who displayed more pronounced cortisol reactivity expressed greater vulnerability to, and received greater support from, their close friend. Expressed vulnerability was associated with more efficient cortisol recovery. Close friend support was not significantly associated with cortisol recovery, nor did it influence the connection between expressed vulnerability and cortisol recovery. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that HPA reactivity may prompt expressions of vulnerability to girls' close friends, and in this context, promote more efficient HPA recovery. Findings highlight the role friendship dynamics may play in HPA-related risk for internalizing symptoms and point to expressed vulnerability in adolescent girls' close friendships as a potential consideration for interpersonally-centered therapeutic approaches.
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Johnson EM, Ross DB. The Cost of Cancer: The Association of Financial and Cancer-Related Stress on Maladaptive Coping Styles in Families with a Cancer Diagnosis. CONTEMPORARY FAMILY THERAPY 2021; 45:1-10. [PMID: 34305314 PMCID: PMC8290390 DOI: 10.1007/s10591-021-09595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
According to the American Cancer Society (2020), it is estimated that 1.8 million new cancer diagnoses will occur in 2019 in the United States. Due to the frequency of cancer diagnoses and the increasing costs of treatment, financial stress is common among cancer patients. Guided by the Family Systems Illness Model (FSI), a cross-sectional study of individuals and family members where there was an active cancer diagnosis (n = 53) was conducted. The study utilized structural equation modeling to examine the impact of cancer stress and financial stress on maladaptive family coping mechanisms, and in turn, their effect on family communication and satisfaction. Findings indicate individuals with higher financial stress reported greater cancer stress. In turn, individuals with higher cancer stress, reported higher rigidity in their family coping which was associated with less family satisfaction. Additionally, as individuals reported greater family disengagement and chaos, lower levels of family communication and satisfaction were found. These findings provide evidence to the complex stresses experienced by cancer patients and their families. Therapeutic implications of how emotionally focused therapy may support these families dealing with a cancer diagnosis are discussed.
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Martin-Piñón O, Erath SA, El-Sheikh M. Linking autonomic nervous system reactivity with sleep in adolescence: Sex as a moderator. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:650-661. [PMID: 33001451 PMCID: PMC8012398 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate relations between autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity across the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches and multiple sleep parameters in adolescence. Participants were 244 adolescents (Mage = 15.79 years old, SD = 9.56 months; 67.2% White/European-American, 32.8% Black/African-American). Parasympathetic activity was indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) withdrawal and sympathetic activity was indexed by skin conductance level reactivity (SCL-r), which were examined in response to a laboratory-based stressor (star-tracing task). Sleep was assessed with actigraphs in adolescents' homes for seven consecutive nights. Two sleep parameters were examined: sleep duration indexed by actual sleep minutes and sleep quality indexed by sleep efficiency from sleep onset to wake time. Regression analyses showed that more RSA withdrawal (lower RSA during task than baseline) was associated with shorter sleep, and more SCL-r (higher SCL during task than baseline) was associated with poorer sleep efficiency. Moderation analyses showed that associations linking RSA withdrawal with fewer sleep minutes and poorer sleep efficiency, and SCL-r with fewer sleep minutes were significant only for boys. Results illustrate that higher daytime physiological reactivity (increased RSA withdrawal and SCL-r) is negatively associated with sleep duration and efficiency for adolescents, especially boys.
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Ajibewa TA, Adams TA, Gill AK, Mazin LE, Gerras JE, Hasson RE. Stress coping strategies and stress reactivity in adolescents with overweight/obesity. Stress Health 2021; 37:243-254. [PMID: 32978994 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the associations between the frequency and effectiveness of habitual stress coping strategies on physiological and psychological stress responses to an acute laboratory stressor in adolescents with overweight/obesity (51 adolescents; 47% female; ages 14-19 years). Coping strategies were assessed using the Schoolager's Coping Strategies Inventory. Acute physiological stress responses were measured as salivary cortisol and α-amylase output during the Trier Social Stress Test and during a control condition. Acute psychological stress was measured using a Likert-type scale, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate were measured at baseline. Results revealed that higher coping effectiveness was associated with lower log-based α-amylase during the stress (β = -0.025, p = 0.018) and control (β = -0.030, p = 0.005) conditions, but not with cortisol across either condition (all ps > 0.05). SBP moderated the association between coping effectiveness and α-amylase during the stress condition, with higher coping effectiveness associated with lower α-amylase only among individuals with lower SBP (β = 0.002, p = 0.027). Coping frequency was not associated with cortisol responses, neither was habitual stress coping strategies associated with psychological stress (all ps > 0.05). These findings provide preliminary evidence that effective use of stress coping strategies may provide a dampening effect on sympathetic activity in an at-risk adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiwaloluwa A Ajibewa
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Childhood Disparities Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tessa A Adams
- Childhood Disparities Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Amaanat K Gill
- Childhood Disparities Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lauren E Mazin
- Childhood Disparities Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Julia E Gerras
- Childhood Disparities Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rebecca E Hasson
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Childhood Disparities Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Solberg Ø, Sengoelge M, Nissen A, Saboonchi F. Coping in Limbo? The Moderating Role of Coping Strategies in the Relationship between Post-Migration Stress and Well-Being during the Asylum-Seeking Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1004. [PMID: 33498731 PMCID: PMC7908179 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Asylum seekers are faced with high levels of post-migratory stress due to uncertainty and uncontrollability of the application process, resulting in higher levels of mental health problems. Little is known about the coping strategies utilized by asylum seekers in this context. Structural equation modeling and the stepwise modeling approach were utilized on cross-sectional data from a cohort of asylum seekers in Sweden (N = 455) to examine whether adaptive coping in the form of problem-focused and cognitive-based coping would buffer the impact of post-migratory stressors by moderating the relationship between the stressors and well-being. Fit indices showed good to excellent fit of the final model that regressed well-being on selected post-migratory stressors and coping (CFI = 0.964, RMSEA = 0.043 (90% CI = 0.035-0.051), SRMR = 0.044). Well-being was negatively and significantly regressed on both perceived discrimination (B = -0.42, SE = 0.11, p < 0.001) and distressing family conflicts (B = -0.16, SE = 0.07, p = 0.037), and positively and significantly regressed on cognitive restructuring (B = 0.71, SE = 0.33, p = 0.030). There was, however, no evidence that coping strategies modified the adverse associations between the two post-migratory stressors and well-being. Interventions and policies should prioritize improving contextual factors inherent in the asylum-seeking process in order to reduce stress and enable coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øivind Solberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Red Cross University College, 141 21 Huddinge, Sweden; (M.S.); (A.N.); (F.S.)
- Division for Implementation and Treatment Research, Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, 0484 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathilde Sengoelge
- Department of Health Sciences, Red Cross University College, 141 21 Huddinge, Sweden; (M.S.); (A.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Alexander Nissen
- Department of Health Sciences, Red Cross University College, 141 21 Huddinge, Sweden; (M.S.); (A.N.); (F.S.)
- Division for Forced Migration and Refugee Health, Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, 0484 Oslo, Norway
| | - Fredrik Saboonchi
- Department of Health Sciences, Red Cross University College, 141 21 Huddinge, Sweden; (M.S.); (A.N.); (F.S.)
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Flesia L, Monaro M, Mazza C, Fietta V, Colicino E, Segatto B, Roma P. Predicting Perceived Stress Related to the Covid-19 Outbreak through Stable Psychological Traits and Machine Learning Models. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3350. [PMID: 33086558 PMCID: PMC7603217 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The global SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and subsequent lockdown had a significant impact on people's daily lives, with strong implications for stress levels due to the threat of contagion and restrictions to freedom. Given the link between high stress levels and adverse physical and mental consequences, the COVID-19 pandemic is certainly a global public health issue. In the present study, we assessed the effect of the pandemic on stress levels in N = 2053 Italian adults, and characterized more vulnerable individuals on the basis of sociodemographic features and stable psychological traits. A set of 18 psycho-social variables, generalized regressions, and predictive machine learning approaches were leveraged. We identified higher levels of perceived stress in the study sample relative to Italian normative values. Higher levels of distress were found in women, participants with lower income, and participants living with others. Higher rates of emotional stability and self-control, as well as a positive coping style and internal locus of control, emerged as protective factors. Predictive learning models identified participants with high perceived stress, with a sensitivity greater than 76%. The results suggest a characterization of people who are more vulnerable to experiencing high levels of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. This characterization may contribute to early and targeted intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Flesia
- Associazione Novilunio Onlus, 35020 Ponte San Nicolò (PD), Italy;
| | - Merylin Monaro
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Cristina Mazza
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (P.R.)
| | - Valentina Fietta
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Barbara Segatto
- Department of Political Science, Law, and International Studies, University of Padua, 35123 Padua, Italy;
| | - Paolo Roma
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (P.R.)
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Oppegaard KR, Dunn LB, Kober KM, Mackin L, Hammer MJ, Conley YP, Levine JD, Miaskowski C. Gender Differences in the Use of Engagement and Disengagement Coping Strategies in Patients With Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy. Oncol Nurs Forum 2020; 47:586-594. [PMID: 32830804 PMCID: PMC10788967 DOI: 10.1188/20.onf.586-594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between gender and coping strategies in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy in outpatient settings. SAMPLE & SETTING Women (N = 277) and men (N = 293) were recruited from two comprehensive cancer centers, one Veterans Affairs hospital, and four community-based oncology programs. METHODS & VARIABLES Coping data were obtained from patients with gastrointestinal (n = 412) or lung (n = 158) cancer through the Brief COPE scale. RESULTS In terms of engagement coping strategies, women reported higher scores for positive reframing, religion, and using instrumental support. Men reported higher scores for humor. In terms of disengagement coping strategies, women reported higher scores for denial, venting, and self-distraction. Men reported higher scores for substance use. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Gender-based stereotypes of emotional expectations may affect how patients express themselves and the ways in which support is offered. Clinicians should be aware of their own preconceived notions about sex and gender and reflect on how these may influence the psychosocial care they provide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura B. Dunn
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Kord M. Kober
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lynda Mackin
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marilyn J. Hammer
- The Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Jon D. Levine
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
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15
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Moeller RW, Seehuus M, Simonds J, Lorton E, Randle TS, Richter C, Peisch V. The Differential Role of Coping, Physical Activity, and Mindfulness in College Student Adjustment. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1858. [PMID: 32849091 PMCID: PMC7417773 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has examined the function of stress management techniques, including coping, physical activity, and mindfulness on college students’ adjustment. The present study examined the differential contributions of three stress management techniques to students’ maladaptation (perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness) and adaptation (self-esteem). Undergraduate students (N = 1185) responded to an online survey. Hierarchical linear regression results indicated that all three stress management techniques – coping, physical activity, and mindfulness – were related to the five outcomes as predicted. Higher levels of disengagement coping strategies were related to higher perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. Components of mindfulness emerged as a strong predictor of adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Moeller
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, United States
| | - Martin Seehuus
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, United States.,Department of Psychological Science, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Jack Simonds
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, United States
| | - Eleanor Lorton
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, United States
| | | | - Cecilia Richter
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, United States
| | - Virginia Peisch
- Department of Psychological Science, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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16
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Leszko M, Iwański R, Jarzębińska A. The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Coping Styles Among First-Time and Recurrent Prisoners in Poland. Front Psychol 2020; 10:2969. [PMID: 32010025 PMCID: PMC6972873 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with certain personality traits employ adaptive coping strategies. Little research, however, has examined coping strategies among incarcerated individuals. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 465 males who served time in five different prisons in Poland. We examined the relationship between the Big Five personality dimensions and coping styles, and the results demonstrated that neuroticism predicts emotion-oriented coping whereas conscientiousness predicts task-oriented coping strategies. A better understanding of the role of personality traits and its relation to coping strategies may allow for more targeted and effective psychological interventions that will, in turn, improve inmates' abilities to cope with stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Leszko
- Department of Psychology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Rafał Iwański
- Department of Pedagogy, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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17
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Milojevich HM, Norwalk KE, Sheridan MA. Deprivation and threat, emotion dysregulation, and psychopathology: Concurrent and longitudinal associations. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:847-857. [PMID: 31014408 PMCID: PMC7012774 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Maltreatment increases risk for psychopathology in childhood and adulthood, thus identifying mechanisms that influence these associations is necessary for future prevention and intervention. Emotion dysregulation resulting from maltreatment is one potentially powerful mechanism explaining risk for psychopathology. This study tests a conceptual model that distinguishes deprivation and threat as distinct forms of exposure with different pathways to psychopathology. Here we operationalize threat as exposure to physical and/or sexual abuse and deprivation as exposure to neglect. We test the hypothesis that threat and deprivation differentially predict use of avoidant strategies and total regulation. Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Studies on Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN study; N = 866), which followed high-risk children from age 4 to 18. At age 6, children and their parents reported on adversity exposure. Case records documented exposure to abuse and neglect. At 18, adolescents reported on regulation strategies and psychopathology. Regression analyses indicated that greater exposure to threat, but not deprivation, predicted greater use of avoidant strategies in adolescence. Moreover, avoidance partially mediated the longitudinal association between exposure to threat in early childhood and symptoms of internalizing psychopathology in adolescence. Results suggest that abuse and neglect differentially predict regulation strategy use and that regulation strategy use predicts psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Milojevich
- Center for Developmental Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill, NC,USA
| | - Kate E Norwalk
- Department of Psychology,North Carolina State University,Raleigh, NC,USA
| | - Margaret A Sheridan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill, NC,USA
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18
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Adolescents and Young Adults Living with Congenital Heart Disease: Coping, Stress Reactivity, and Emotional Functioning. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2019; 25:441-451. [PMID: 29455367 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-018-9554-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Living with congenital heart disease (CHD) presents survivors with numerous stressors, which may contribute to emotional problems. This study examined (a) whether coping with CHD-related stress predicts symptoms of depression and anxiety, and (b) whether associations between coping and emotional distress are moderated by involuntary stress reactivity. Adolescents and young adults diagnosed with CHD (Mage = 26.4) were recruited from pediatric and adult outpatient cardiology clinics. Participants (N = 168) completed online self-report measures. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that secondary control coping (e.g., cognitive restructuring, positive thinking) predicted lower depression and anxiety. Primary control coping (e.g., problem-solving) and stress reactivity (e.g., rumination, emotional numbing) interacted to predict depression and anxiety: the higher individuals were in involuntary stress reactivity, the stronger was the association between primary control coping and lower depression and anxiety. These results can inform clinical efforts to prevent or reduce emotional distress among CHD survivors.
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Coppari N, Barcelata Eguiarte B, Bagnoli L, Codas Zavala G, López Humada H, Martínez Cañete Ú. Influencia del sexo, edad y cultura en las estrategias de afrontamiento de adolescentes paraguayos y mexicanos. UNIVERSITAS PSYCHOLOGICA 2019. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.upsy18-1.isec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
La adolescencia es un periodo sensible al estrés, sin embargo, el afrontamiento puede contribuir a una adaptación positiva, el cual tiende a cambiar en función de algunas variables personales como el sexo, la edad y contextuales, como la cultura. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la influencia del sexo, edad y cultura en las estrategias de afrontamiento con adolescentes paraguayos y mexicanos. Se realizó un estudio de campo transversal, expos-facto, de tipo comparativo de dos muestras independientes con un diseño 2 x 2 x 2. Participaron de manera intencional 2278 adolescentes escolares paraguayos (n = 1188) y mexicanos (n = 1090), de 13 a 18 años (M = 15.15; DE = 1.48). Se aplicó la Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (ACS) que evalúa tres estilos y 18 estrategias de afrontamiento, y una cédula sociodemográfica. Se encontraron diferencias y efectos principales por edad y país en los estilos de afrontamiento productivo, no productivo y con referencia a otros y en algunas de sus estrategias. Las mujeres usan más estrategias de afrontamiento, muchas relacionadas con la búsqueda de apoyo social. Los adolescentes tempranos paraguayos y mexicanos tienden a presentar menos estrategias productivas. Solo se observaron efectos de interacción del sexo y la cultura en los estilos de afrontamiento. Estos datos aportan evidencia que podría ser útil para las políticas públicas de prevención y promoción de salud en adolescentes.
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20
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Investigating the association between fantasy proneness and emotional distress: the mediating role of cognitive coping strategies. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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21
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Testing the indirect effects of somatic and parental effort on stress: the roles of worldviews and coping strategies. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-0065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AbstractLife history theory (LHT) is a mid-level theory from evolutionary biology. LHT, adapted to humans, assumes that individuals can be placed along a single continuum of LH strategies referred to as the slow-to-fast LH continuum: faster life history strategists score higher on mating effort and lower on somatic and parental effort. In the present study we examine the hypothesis that worldview and coping strategies are mediators between somatic and parental effort (SPE) and current perceived stress. 226 participants completed a set of instruments: Mini-K, the World Assumptions Scale, Brief COPE, and the Perceived Stress Scale. In order to test the hypotheses about mediators, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used. The results from the current study showed that individuals allocating their own resources to SPE experienced lower current stress, and felt positive about the benevolence and meaningfulness of the world as well as the worthiness of the self. A more complex linkage was also revealed: individuals displaying SPE endorsed stronger beliefs about self-worth, which in turn was associated with a lower tendency to use disengagement coping and which again translated into a lower level of perceived stress. Furthermore, females investing in SPE maintained a higher level of belief in the meaningfulness of the world, which translated into a higher tendency to use external support for coping.
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22
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Implicit reappraisal as an emotional buffer: Reappraisal-related neural activity moderates the relationship between inattention and perceived stress during exposure to negative stimuli. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 19:355-365. [DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-00676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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23
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Stanger S, Abaied J, Wagner C, Sanders W. Contributions of Observed Parent Socialization of Coping and Skin Conductance Level Reactivity to Childhood Adjustment. FAMILY PROCESS 2018; 57:181-194. [PMID: 27988925 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This research examined the longitudinal association between parent socialization of coping and child adjustment, as well as the moderating role of children's skin conductance level reactivity (SCLR). Participants were a community sample of children (n = 64, M age = 9.02, 54.5% females, 93.2% Caucasian) and their parent(s). Parent coping suggestions were observed while their child engaged in a stressful challenge task, during which the child's SCLR, a measure of children's physiological reactivity to stress, was also measured. Parent(s) completed the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) at baseline and a 6-month follow-up to assess internalizing and externalizing problems. Results revealed that secondary control engagement suggestions predicted fewer internalizing problems over time. In addition, disengagement suggestions predicted fewer externalizing problems over time among children with high SCLR. This study provides evidence that parent coping suggestions serve as a resource that protects youth from developing adjustment problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Stanger
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Jamie Abaied
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Caitlin Wagner
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Wesley Sanders
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
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24
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Romero Godínez E, Lucio y Gómez Maqueo E, Durán Patiño C, Ruiz Badillo A. Afrontamiento y algunos problemas internalizados y externalizados en niños. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aipprr.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Beato A, Pereira AI, Barros L. Parenting Strategies to Deal with Children's Anxiety: Do Parents Do What They Say They Do? Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2017; 48:423-433. [PMID: 27485099 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-016-0670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Parents' perceptions about their strategies to deal with children's anxiety have been minimally explored. Based on a mixed-method approach, the current study compared the strategies that parents said they use more frequently to deal with their child's anxious behaviors and the strategies they actually used during two mildly anxiogenic interactions with their child. Forty-two parents of children with anxiety disorders, aged 9-12 years, participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were administered to identify parental perceptions about their strategies to deal with their children's anxiety. Subsequently dyadic interactions were observed and coded by two independent coders. We found discrepancies relating to four strategies. Significantly more parents used strategies based on overinvolvement and anxious behavior during the interactions than had been reported by them in the interviews. In contrast, reassurance and reinforcement of avoidance/dependence were used in interactions by fewer parents than would be expected, according to the interviews. Relevant implications for assessment and intervention with families of anxious children are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beato
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ana Isabel Pereira
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luísa Barros
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013, Lisbon, Portugal
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26
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Cho D, Lu Q. The association between fear of cancer recurrence and quality of life among Chinese cancer survivors: main effect hypothesis and buffering hypothesis. Qual Life Res 2017; 26:2375-2385. [PMID: 28455639 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-017-1585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study is to examine whether fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is related to health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Chinese cancer survivors, an understudied population (i.e., main effect hypothesis). Also, we investigated whether the FCR-HRQOL link is moderated by two coping strategies, avoidance and positive reappraisal (i.e., buffering hypothesis). METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 238 Chinese cancer survivors in Beijing. Participants completed a set of questionnaires including FCR, coping, and HRQOL. RESULTS FCR was related to lower physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-beings, even when demographics, cancer-related factors, and coping were taken into account. There was only one moderation effect between FCR and avoidance coping. Surprisingly, the detrimental effect of FCR on spiritual well-being was lessened among those with high avoidance coping such that the negative association between FCR and spiritual well-being was only found in those with low avoidance coping and not among those with high avoidance coping. CONCLUSIONS Findings largely supported the main effect hypothesis. FCR was associated with diverse domains of HRQOL among Chinese cancer survivors. The buffering hypothesis was largely not supported in this population. Rather, in some cases, the effects of FCR and coping strategies on HRQOL were independent. Thus, ways to attenuate the harmful effects of FCR on HRQOL among Chinese cancer survivors remain unresolved. It is urgent and timely that future studies focus on FCR and HRQOL in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalnim Cho
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd, Unit 1020, Storrs, CT, 06269-1020, USA.
| | - Qian Lu
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
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27
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Thompson RJ, Mata J, Gershon A, Gotlib IH. Adaptive Coping Mediates the Relation Between Mothers’ and Daughters’ Depressive Symptoms: A Moderated Mediation Study. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2017.36.3.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jutta Mata
- University of Mannheim; Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Germany
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28
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Bendezú JJ, Sarah EDP, Martha EW. What constitutes effective coping and efficient physiologic regulation following psychosocial stress depends on involuntary stress responses. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 73:42-50. [PMID: 27448527 PMCID: PMC5296770 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study utilized a random-assignment experimental design to examine the interactive contributions of youth-reported trait involuntary stress responses (ISRs) and effortful coping on physiologic reactivity and recovery patterns in preadolescent boys and girls. Fourth- and fifth-grade child-parent dyads (N=126) participated in this study. Children were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST-C) and then to one of two randomly-assigned experimental coping conditions: behavioral distraction and cognitive avoidance. Children's ISRs were examined as predictors of salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase (sAA) reactivity as well as moderators of the effect of coping condition on cortisol and sAA recovery trajectories. Multi-level modeling analyses did not link ISRs to physiologic reactivity patterning. ISRs and coping condition interacted to predict differential physiologic recovery trajectories. In the distraction condition, children reporting high ISR levels displayed less efficient cortisol and sAA recovery than children reporting low ISR levels. Surprisingly, the opposite was found for children reporting high ISR levels in the avoidance condition. These children displayed more efficient physiologic recovery relative to their high ISR level peers in the distraction condition. Findings suggest that the efficiency of preadolescents' physiologic recovery following stress may depend on regulatory fit between children's ISR levels and cues from their coping environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason J Bendezú
- The Pennsylvania State University, Moore Building, University Park, PA 16803, United States.
| | - E D Perzow Sarah
- The Pennsylvania State University, Moore Building, University Park, PA 16803, United States.
| | - E Wadsworth Martha
- The Pennsylvania State University, Moore Building, University Park, PA 16803, United States.
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29
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Cho D, Park CL. Moderating effects of perceived growth on the association between fear of cancer recurrence and health-related quality of life among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors. J Psychosoc Oncol 2016; 35:148-165. [PMID: 27749160 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2016.1247408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether (1) fear of cancer recurrence was related to lower health-related quality of life and (2) perceived growth moderated the link between fear of recurrence and health-related quality of life. About 292 adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (diagnosed with cancer at ages 15-34) completed a cross-sectional survey. Fear of recurrence was related to poorer physical and mental health-related quality of life. The negative association between fear of recurrence and mental health-related quality of life was moderated by perceived growth. Fostering perceived growth may mitigate the adverse associations of fear of recurrence and health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalnim Cho
- a Department of Psychological Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA
| | - Crystal L Park
- a Department of Psychological Sciences , University of Connecticut , Storrs , CT , USA
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30
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English AS, Zeng ZJ, Ma JH. The stress of studying in China: primary and secondary coping interaction effects. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:755. [PMID: 26693113 PMCID: PMC4666850 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Answering the call for research on coping outside of the Western world, the present study confirms previous research that indicated Asians cope with stress differently from other ethnic groups. In the present study, we explore the stress-coping-adjustment model and its role in acculturation for educational sojourners in the People’s Republic of China. Using a sample of 121 recent exchange students (Asian, n = 52; non-Asian, n = 69), we administered surveys in the Fall of 2013 and 90 days later to measure students’ socio-cultural adaptation. Results indicate several significant findings. Acculturative stress and perceived cultural distance had no role in predicting adaptation. Non-Asians reported greater adjustment even though cultural distance was greater. As hypothesized, non-Asians used more primary and secondary coping compared to Asians. Moderation analyses indicate three-way interactions among stress × coping × group, showing that non-Asians benefit from high usage primary coping, while primary coping exacerbates the negative effects of stress on adjustment for Asians. Secondary coping proves to be beneficial for both groups and improves adjustment across low and moderate stress levels. Results support recent developments in collective coping, suggesting that primary and secondary coping may not be beneficial for all ethnic groups in all circumstances. Research implications and practical contributions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S English
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou, 310011 China
| | - Zhi Jia Zeng
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou, 310011 China
| | - Jian Hong Ma
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus, Hangzhou, 310011 China
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31
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Moses T. Coping strategies and self-stigma among adolescents discharged from psychiatric hospitalization: a 6-month follow-up study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2015; 61:188-97. [PMID: 24972746 DOI: 10.1177/0020764014540146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of mental illness stigma on adolescents receiving psychiatric treatment may largely be determined by their coping strategies. Yet, little is known about adolescents' use of stigma-coping strategies, or how helpful these are for addressing stigma-related stress. AIMS This study explores how adolescents discharged from psychiatric hospitalization anticipate coping with a hypothetical social stigma event related to hospitalization. We examine how well anticipated coping strategies predict adolescents' self-stigma ratings following 6 months. To evaluate the direction of causality, the reverse order of effects, the influence of self-stigma on coping strategies, is also assessed. METHODS A voluntary sample of 80 adolescents participated in two face-to-face interviews that assessed coping and self-stigma. Anticipated (baseline) and actual (follow-up) coping strategies were measured with a modified Response to Stress Questionnaire (primary and secondary control engagement coping, disengagement) and two stigma-specific strategies developed for this study (disconfirming stereotypes and aggression/confrontation). Relationships between anticipated coping strategies and self-stigma were assessed with ordinary least squares (OLS) regression; multivariate general linear modeling (GLM) and structural equation modeling (SEM) explored the reverse associations. RESULTS Youth reporting higher self-stigma ratings at follow-up anticipated using more disengagement and effort to disconfirm stereotypes and less secondary control engagement coping at baseline. Anticipated use of secondary control engagement coping was uniquely significant in predicting participants' self-stigma when controlling for baseline self-stigma. At the same time, higher baseline self-stigma ratings predicted less adaptive coping (disengagement and effort to disconfirm stereotypes) at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The results point to the particular importance of secondary control engagement coping for helping to mitigate the impact of peer prejudice or discrimination on self-stigma among youth receiving psychiatric services. At the same time, higher initial levels of self-stigma likely drive less adaptive coping with peer stigma. These bidirectional influences point to a vicious cycle between internalizing negative stereotypes and coping in ways that perpetuate negative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tally Moses
- School of Social Work,University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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The impact of accommodative coping on well-being in childhood and adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025414551762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Coping research has consistently shown that accommodative coping is positively correlated with individuals’ health. Until now, however, there have been little to no studies on the prognostic impact of accommodative coping on health, and only a few studies investigating its buffering effect on the relation between stress and health in childhood and adolescence. Thus, two main research questions were tracked in two longitudinal studies: Study 1 investigated if accommodative coping is indeed a functional resource that longitudinally predicts well-being in a sample of N = 403 adolescents (aged 12–15 years at Wave 1). Study 2 examined the function of accommodative coping under stressful conditions by investigating its buffering effect on the negative impact of school-related stress on well-being in a sample of N = 86 children (aged 9–12 years at Wave 1). Study 1 revealed accommodative coping longitudinally predicting well-being, and, conversely, there was no prediction of well-being through accommodative coping over time. Study 2 revealed a significant moderating effect and gives a first indication that accommodative coping buffers the negative impact of school-related stress on well-being in childhood. The results indicate that accommodation is a functional coping resource in adolescence that diminishes the negative impact of specific stressors. All main and further results are discussed, and implications for further research are given.
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Thomas JJ, Borrayo EA. The Combined Influence of Psychosocial Factors on Illness Behavior Among Women. Women Health 2014; 54:530-51. [DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2014.903886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Morris MC, Evans LD, Rao U, Garber J. Executive function moderates the relation between coping and depressive symptoms. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2014; 28:31-49. [PMID: 24866556 PMCID: PMC4236259 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2014.925545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Identifying risk factors early in the course of depression has important implications for prevention, given that the likelihood of recurrence increases with each successive episode. DESIGN This study examined relations among coping, executive functioning, and depressive symptom trajectories in a sample of remitted-depressed (n = 32) and never-depressed (ND; n = 36) young adults (aged 18-31). METHODS Participants completed a clinical interview, a measure of coping, and tasks assessing two components of executive function - inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Participants were reassessed regarding the timing and severity of depressive symptoms that had occurred during the interval period (mean = 35.16 weeks, SD = 9.03). RESULTS Among ND individuals, less primary control coping (e.g., problem-solving) and greater disengagement coping (e.g., avoidance) predicted increases in depressive symptoms. Greater secondary control coping (e.g., acceptance) predicted decreases in depressive symptoms and was unrelated to depression history. Higher inhibition scores predicted less increase in depressive symptoms for individuals reporting less primary control coping or more disengagement coping. Higher cognitive flexibility scores predicted less increase in depressive symptoms among individuals reporting less secondary control coping. CONCLUSIONS Interventions aiming to enhance either coping strategies or executive functions may reduce risk of depression recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Morris
- Department of Family and Community Medicine (MCM) and the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (MCM and UR) and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (UR), Meharry Medical College, and from the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (JG and LDE), Psychiatry (JG, UR), and Kennedy Center (JG, UR), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lindsay D. Evans
- Department of Family and Community Medicine (MCM) and the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (MCM and UR) and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (UR), Meharry Medical College, and from the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (JG and LDE), Psychiatry (JG, UR), and Kennedy Center (JG, UR), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Uma Rao
- Department of Family and Community Medicine (MCM) and the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (MCM and UR) and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (UR), Meharry Medical College, and from the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (JG and LDE), Psychiatry (JG, UR), and Kennedy Center (JG, UR), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Judy Garber
- Department of Family and Community Medicine (MCM) and the Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience (MCM and UR) and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (UR), Meharry Medical College, and from the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (JG and LDE), Psychiatry (JG, UR), and Kennedy Center (JG, UR), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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Paysnick AA, Burt KB. Moderating Effects of Coping on Associations between Autonomic Arousal and Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Problems. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 44:846-58. [DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2014.891224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Seglem KB, Oppedal B, Roysamb E. Daily hassles and coping dispositions as predictors of psychological adjustment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025414520807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examined daily hassles and coping dispositions in relation to life satisfaction and depressive symptoms among resettled unaccompanied refugees and other youth in the resettlement country. A total of 223 unaccompanied refugees ( M = 20 years) was compared with 609 ethnic minority and 427 majority youth in Norway. Unaccompanied refugees reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, daily hassles and engagement and disengagement coping than the other two groups, but equal level of life satisfaction. Daily hassles and disengagement coping predicted lower life satisfaction and more depressive symptoms across groups. Engagement coping predicted higher life satisfaction in all groups, but not less depressive symptoms among unaccompanied refugees. Multiple mediation analyses showed that daily hassles and coping dispositions partly explained group differences in depressive symptoms, and that at the same level of hassles and disengagement coping, unaccompanied refugees would be significantly more satisfied with life. Findings suggest that interventions to promote more effective coping strategies to handle the many hassles in their daily lives may improve unaccompanied refugees’ psychological adjustment and chances to succeed in the resettlement country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Espen Roysamb
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
- University of Oslo, Norway
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Boxer P, Sloan-Power E. Coping with violence: a comprehensive framework and implications for understanding resilience. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2013; 14:209-21. [PMID: 23649832 PMCID: PMC7238431 DOI: 10.1177/1524838013487806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Interpersonal violence is present at all levels of influence in the social ecology and can have comprehensive and devastating effects on child and adolescent development through multiple simultaneous channels of exposure. Children's experiences with violence have been linked with a range of behavioral and mental health difficulties including posttraumatic stress disorder and aggressive behavior. In this article, we offer a conceptual framework delineating the ways in which children and adolescents might encounter violence, and a theoretical integration describing how violence might impact mental and behavioral health outcomes through short- and long-term processes. We propose that coping reactions are fundamental to the enduring effects of violence exposure on their psychosocial development and functioning. Finally, we discuss the manner in which coping efforts can support resilience among children exposed to violence and suggest new directions for research and preventive intervention aimed at optimizing outcomes for children at risk of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Boxer
- Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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Ryder AG, Sun J, Zhu X, Yao S, Chentsova-Dutton YE. Depression in China: integrating developmental psychopathology and cultural-clinical psychology. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2012; 41:682-94. [PMID: 22900498 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2012.710163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
With a starting point in John Abela's groundbreaking developmental psychopathology research on adolescent depression in China, we aimed to review the state of the literature on Chinese depression across the lifespan. We began with Dr. Abela's published studies relevant to depression in China and our own research with adults before turning to the reference lists of these articles to find additional sources. Then we conducted literature searches using PsycINFO and PubMed to find other relevant studies published between April 2001 and April 2011 . There are two distinct literatures on depression in China. Developmental psychopathology research has emphasized adolescent samples and cognitive models of causation; cultural-clinical psychology and cultural psychiatry research have emphasized adult samples and the meanings associated with emotions, symptoms, and syndromes. Both approaches to the study of depression in China have yielded important findings but have also highlighted issues that could be better addressed by incorporating the other approach. Beyond depression in China, the psychological study of culture and mental health more generally would benefit from greater exchange between developmental psychopathology and cultural-clinical psychology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Ryder
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141, rue Sherbrooke O. (PY153-2), Montre´al, Que´bec, Canada H4B 1R6.
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Boxer P, Sloan-Power E, Schappell IMAA. Coping with stress, coping with violence: Links to mental health outcomes among at-risk youth. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2012; 34:405-414. [PMID: 23002323 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-012-9285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Coping reactions to stressful events are important links between difficult experiences and the emergence of psychopathology. In this study we compared youths' negative coping with stress in general to their negative coping with violence in particular, and utilized a person-centered analytic approach to examine how patterns of coping relate to various mental health outcomes. We utilized survey interview measures to collect data from a sample of 131 youth (ages 11-14, 100% ethnic minority) residing in an economically distressed metropolitan area of the northeast. We observed significant relations between youths' tendencies to cope with stress and violence via externalized-internalized strategies (e.g., yelling to let off steam, crying) and their mental health symptoms. However, we generally did not observe relations between engagement in distancing coping strategies (e.g., making believe nothing happened) and any problematic outcomes. Negative coping does not appear be a monolithic construct uniformly associated with negative outcomes for youth. Distancing coping might represent an especially useful short-term coping response for youth living in socioeconomically distressed conditions from the standpoint of inhibiting symptom development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Boxer
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University
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Abstract
Chronic illnesses and medical conditions present millions of children and adolescents with significant stress that is associated with risk for emotional and behavioral problems and interferes with adherence to treatment regimens. We review research on the role of child and adolescent coping with stress as an important feature of the process of adaptation to illness. Recent findings support a control-based model of coping that includes primary control or active coping (efforts to act on the source of stress or one's emotions), secondary control or accommodative coping (efforts to adapt to the source of stress), and disengagement or passive coping (efforts to avoid or deny the stressor). Evidence suggests the efficacy of secondary control coping in successful adaptation to chronic illness in children and adolescents, disengagement coping is associated with poorer adjustment, and findings for primary control coping are mixed. Avenues for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce E Compas
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA.
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Thomas JJ, Borrayo EA. An Examination of Moderators of Perceived Stress and Illness Behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/psych.2011.26091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Weisz JR, Francis SE, Bearman SK. Assessing secondary control and its association with youth depression symptoms. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 38:883-93. [PMID: 20640503 PMCID: PMC3001242 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-010-9440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research has linked youth depression symptoms to low levels of perceived control, using measures that reflect primary control (i.e., influencing objective conditions to make them fit one's wishes). We hypothesized that depressive symptoms are also linked to low levels of secondary control (i.e., influencing the psychological impact of objective conditions by adjusting oneself to fit them). To test the hypothesis, we developed the Secondary Control Scale for Children (SCSC), examined its psychometrics, and used it to assess the secondary control-depression symptomatology association. In a large adolescent sample, the SCSC showed factorial integrity, internal consistency, test-retest stability, convergent and discriminant validity, and accounted for more than 40% of the variance in depression symptoms. Consistent with evidence on risk and gender, depression symptoms were more strongly associated with secondary control in girls and primary control in boys. Assessing secondary control may help us understand youth depression vulnerability in girls and boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Weisz
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Yao S, Xiao J, Zhu X, Zhang C, Auerbach RP, McWhinnie CM, Abela JRZ, Wang C. Coping and involuntary responses to stress in Chinese university students: psychometric properties of the responses to stress questionnaire. J Pers Assess 2010; 92:356-61. [PMID: 20552510 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2010.482015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our objective in this study was to develop a Chinese version of the Responses to Stress Questionnaire (RSQ; Connor-Smith, Compas, Wadsworth, Thomsen, and Saltzman, 2000) and to evaluate its reliability and validity. The Chinese (C) RSQ (RSQ-C) exhibited moderate internal consistency and moderate test-retest reliability. Results of the confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the fit of a 3-factor model of voluntary coping and a separate 2-factor model of involuntary responses to stress were acceptable for the Chinese university sample. With regard to predictive validity, the Primary and Secondary Control Engagement Coping factors were associated with lower levels of depressive and anxious symptoms, whereas the Disengagement, Involuntary Engagement, and Involuntary Disengagement Coping factors were associated with higher levels of such symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Research Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Dufton LM, Dunn MJ, Slosky LS, Compas BE. Self-reported and laboratory-based responses to stress in children with recurrent pain and anxiety. J Pediatr Psychol 2010; 36:95-105. [PMID: 20736388 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsq070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine heart rate (HR) responses to and coping with stress in children with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), anxiety, and healthy controls. METHODS A clinical sample (children with RAP and children with anxiety) was compared to control children on self-reported and HR responses to stress and a laboratory test of pain tolerance and intensity (cold pressor). RESULTS Children in the clinical sample had elevated HRs compared to healthy controls before, during, and after laboratory tasks. Self-reported stress reactivity to social stress was positively correlated with HR at all study time intervals. Secondary control coping with social stress was negatively correlated with HR at most study time intervals. Internalizing symptoms were positively correlated with HR and self-reported stress reactivity. CONCLUSIONS Stress reactivity, as reflected in both self-reported and HR responses to laboratory stressors, is related to the presence of both RAP and anxiety in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette M Dufton
- Department of Psychology & Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Peabody 512, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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Thompson RJ, Mata J, Jaeggi SM, Buschkuehl M, Jonides J, Gotlib IH. Maladaptive coping, adaptive coping, and depressive symptoms: variations across age and depressive state. Behav Res Ther 2010; 48:459-66. [PMID: 20211463 PMCID: PMC2872051 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Rumination has consistently been found to be associated with the onset and duration of major depressive episodes. Little research, however, has examined factors that may weaken the association between maladaptive coping, such as rumination, and depressive symptoms. In three samples of participants, including 149 never-depressed adolescent girls, 41 never-depressed women, and 39 depressed women, we examined whether generally adaptive forms of coping interacted with generally maladaptive forms of coping to predict depressive symptoms. Age-appropriate measures of coping and depression were administered to participants in each sample. In never-depressed females, maladaptive coping/rumination were more strongly related to depressive symptoms in the presence of lower levels of adaptive coping. The relation between depression and maladaptive coping/rumination was weaker in the context of higher levels of adaptive coping. In contrast, for the depressed females, we found main effects for rumination and adaptive coping, with higher levels of rumination and lower levels of adaptive coping being associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. The present findings highlight how adaptive coping and maladaptive coping, including rumination, differentially relate to each other and depressive symptoms depending on individuals' current depressive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee J Thompson
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Abstract
Personality psychology addresses views of human nature and individual differences. Biological and goal-based views of human nature provide an especially useful basis for construing coping; the five-factor model of traits adds a useful set of individual differences. Coping-responses to adversity and to the distress that results-is categorized in many ways. Meta-analyses link optimism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to more engagement coping; neuroticism to more disengagement coping; and optimism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness to less disengagement coping. Relations of traits to specific coping responses reveal a more nuanced picture. Several moderators of these associations also emerge: age, stressor severity, and temporal proximity between the coping activity and the coping report. Personality and coping play both independent and interactive roles in influencing physical and mental health. Recommendations are presented for ways future research can expand on the growing understanding of how personality and coping shape adjustment to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles S Carver
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124, USA.
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Auerbach RP, Abela JRZ, Zhu X, Yao S. Understanding the role of coping in the development of depressive symptoms: symptom specificity, gender differences, and cross-cultural applicability. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 49:547-61. [PMID: 20100400 DOI: 10.1348/014466509x479681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim examined whether coping deficits, a greater tendency to utilize maladaptive as opposed to adaptive coping strategies, was associated with increases in depressive symptoms following negative events. The secondary goals examined: the common vulnerability hypothesis, sex differences, and the cross-cultural generalizability. DESIGN Following the initial assessment, Canadian adolescents completed three follow-up assessments every 6 weeks. The Chinese adolescents completed an initial assessment and six follow-up assessments occurring monthly. METHODS At Time 1, 150 Canadian and 397 Chinese adolescents completed self-report measures assessing depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, negative events, and coping. During each of the follow-up assessments, participants completed self-report measures assessing depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and negative events. RESULTS In both samples, higher levels of coping deficits were associated with increases in depressive, but not anxious, symptoms following negative events. Gender differences did not emerge. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides a theoretically driven model to examine the impact of broad-based coping on the development of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy P Auerbach
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Miller KS, Vannatta K, Compas BE, Vasey M, McGoron KD, Salley CG, Gerhardt CA. The role of coping and temperament in the adjustment of children with cancer. J Pediatr Psychol 2009; 34:1135-43. [PMID: 19451171 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsp037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the extent to which stress, coping, and temperament accounted for variability in adjustment among children with cancer. METHODS Seventy-five mothers of children with cancer (ages 5-17) completed questionnaires regarding their child's cancer-related stress; coping; temperament characteristics including positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and effortful control (EC); and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Assessments occurred within one year of initial diagnosis or relapse (M = 5.74 months; SD = 4.72). RESULTS Cancer-related stress was positively associated with symptoms of depression in children. NA was positively associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Primary control coping moderated the association between NA and depression, and primary and secondary control coping mediated this association. CONCLUSION Results partially support the utility of an integrated model including cancer-related stress, coping, and NA in identifying children at risk for internalizing symptoms during treatment. Additional research is needed to inform interventions for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly S Miller
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205-2696, USA
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Friedman-Wheeler DG, Haaga DAF, Gunthert KC, Ahrens AH, McIntosh E. Depression, Neuroticism, and Mood-Regulation Expectancies for Engagement and Disengagement Coping Among Cigarette Smokers. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2008; 32:105-115. [PMID: 18997879 PMCID: PMC2581480 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-006-9099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dara G. Friedman-Wheeler
- Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC
- Dara Friedman-Wheeler is now at the Psychopathology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania. Elizabeth McIntosh is now at the Department of Psychological Health and Psychiatry, Wardenburg Health Sciences Center, University of Colorado at Boulder
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth McIntosh
- Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC
- Dara Friedman-Wheeler is now at the Psychopathology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania. Elizabeth McIntosh is now at the Department of Psychological Health and Psychiatry, Wardenburg Health Sciences Center, University of Colorado at Boulder
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