Most studies have evaluated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients based on a set of generic disability weights (DWs). This study aimed to apply local CRC-stage-specific DWs to estimate the burden of DALYs for CRC (CRC-DALYs) in populations in China and consider the influence of local screening coverage of CRC.

A prevalence-based model was constructed using data from various sources. Years lived with disability (YLDs) were estimated mainly via cumulative prevalence data (based on CRC incidence rates, population numbers, and survival rates), stage-specific proportions of CRC, and DWs of the local population. Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated based on the CRC mortality rates and standard life expectancies. CRC incidence and mortality rates for the years 2020, 2025, and 2030 were estimated by joinpoint regression, and the corresponding DALYs were predicted. The main assumption was made for CRC screening coverage. Sensitivity analysis was used to assess the impact of population, DWs, and coverage.

In 2017, among the Chinese population, the estimated number of CRC-DALYs was 4,303,314 (11.8% for YLDs). If CRC screening coverage rate in China (2.3%) remains unchanged, the overall DALYs in 2030 are predicted to increase by 37.2% (45.1% of those aged ≥65 years). More optimistically, the DALYs would then decrease by 0.7% in 2030 (from 5,902,454 to 5,860,200) if the coverage could be increased to 25.0%. A sensitivity analysis revealed that using local DWs would change the base-case values by 5.7%.

The estimated CRC-DALYs in China using population-specific DWs were considerably lower (with a higher percentage of YLDs) than the global burden of disease (GBD) estimates (5,865,004, of 4.6% for YLDs), suggesting the impact extent of applying local parameters. Sustainable scale-up CRC screening needs to be in place to moderate the growth trend of CRC-DALYs in China.

Chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity are associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer, and the expression of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein plays an essential role in these processes. The present study examined the relationship between ATM expression and the survival outcomes of colorectal cancer patients and explored the underlying mechanism and promising therapeutic strategies.

A search including medical subject headings (MeSH), free terms, and combined words was conducted using Pubmed, EMBASE, and Cochrane. Studies had to meet the inclusion criteria as well as include processes such as data extraction and quality evaluation. The survival outcomes were assessed using hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity, and publication bias were analyzed, and a P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Nine studies with 2883 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Low ATM expression level was related to poor overall survival (HR=0.542, 95% CI=0.447-0.637; P=0.000). Disease-free, progression-free, and recurrence-free survival rates were lower in patients with low ATM expression than in those with high ATM expression. There was no significant difference between Stage I-II and Stage III-IV colorectal cancer patients [risk ratio (RR)=1.173, 95% CI=0.970-1.417, P=0.690].

Low ATM expression level may be a marker of poor survival in colorectal cancer and contributes to resistance to therapy. Targeting related factors in these pathways to sensitize tumors to treatment is a potential therapeutic strategy, and monitoring ATM status could be a valuable guide independent of the immunotherapy or chemotherapy strategy used.

Breast cancer is considered a significant health concern worldwide, with genetic predisposition playing a critical role in its etiology. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), particularly those within the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of target genes, are emerging as key factors in breast cancer susceptibility. Specifically, miRNAs have been recognized as possible novel approach for biomarkers discovery for both prognosis and diagnosis due to their direct association with cancer progression. Regional disparities in breast cancer incidence underscore the need for precise interventions, considering socio-cultural and economic factors. This review explores into the differential effects of SNP-miRNA interactions on breast cancer risk, emphasizing both risk-enhancing and protective associations across diverse populations. Furthermore, it explores the clinical implications of these findings, highlighting the potential of personalized approaches in breast cancer management. Additionally, it reviews the evolving therapeutic prospect of microRNAs (miRNAs), extending beyond cancer therapeutics to encompass various diseases, indicative of their versatility as therapeutic agents.

Cancer is a rapidly increasing global problem, and one of the leading causes of burden and mortality. This study aims to compare the burden of cancer in Iran between the year 1990 and 2019.

We used Global Burden of Disease data on cancer from 1990 to 2019 by province, year, age group, and sex. We then estimated the trend of age standardized mortality and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of the cancers by sex. Age pattern and geographical variation in the ranking of cancers were assessed at national and sub-national levels from 1990 to 2019.

The mortality rate decreased from 102 (95% UI: 91, 111) to 96 (95% UI: 88, 103) per 100000 population. Additionally, the DALYs rates decreased from 2619 (95% UI: 2357, 2852) to 2321 (95% UI: 2116, 2497) per 100000 between 1990 and 2019. Both of the mortality and DALYs rate from cancers increased with age. These indicators were significantly higher in men than in women across all age groups. Consequently, the mortality rate and DALYs per 100,000 of cancers were higher in the northwest and northeast of Iran. Notably, stomach cancer was identified as the leading cause of cancer mortality in 23 provinces of Iran in 2019. The highest percentage change of DALYs per 100,000 rate between 1990 and 2019 was observed for malignant skin melanoma, stomach cancer, and cervical cancers with rate of -41.1, -40.1, and -38.4, respectively.

Overall, the mortality and DALYs per 100,000 rates of all cancers for both sexes in Iran have decreased between 1990 and 2019. However, there is an increasing trend in types of cancers, such as pancreatic, ovarian, and breast cancers.

Perioperative inflammatory indices reflect systemic inflammatory responses and have been linked to cancer progression and prognosis. This study aims to explore the differences in perioperative inflammatory indices between lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and their association with long-term outcomes.

This study included 287 lung cancer patients who underwent curative resection between June 2016 and December 2017, comprising 61 cases of LSCC and 226 cases of LUAD. Perioperative baseline information and inflammatory cell counts were collected. Patients were followed up for a median duration of 76 months, during which disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were recorded. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of inflammatory factor levels.

Significant differences were observed in white blood cell count and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) between LSCC and LUAD (P < 0.05). Regression analysis identified age (OR=2.096, P=0.004), postoperative day 1 D-dimer level (OR=1.550, P<0.001), and Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (OR=1.901, P=0.031) as independent risk factors for perioperative venous thromboembolism (VTE). Furthermore, open surgical approach (HR=2.437, P=0.016), tumor type (LSCC; HR=2.437, P=0.016), and PLR (HR=1.534, P=0.019) were independent risk factors for DFS.

Inflammatory index is key predictors of perioperative VTE and DFS in lung cancer, emphasizing their critical role in prognosis.

Emerging evidence has indicated that m5C modification plays a vital role in cancer development. However, the function of m5C-lncRNAs in PTC has never been reported. This study aims to explore the regulation mechanism of m5C RNA methylation-related long noncoding RNAs (m5C-lncRNAs) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate the role of m5C-lncRNAs in the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment of PTC. Subsequently, we preliminarily verified the regulation mechanisms of m5C-lncRNAs in vivo and in vitro experiments. A total of six m5C-lncRNAs and five immune cell types were selected to construct the risk score and immune risk score (IRS) model, respectively. Patients with a high-risk score had a worse prognosis and the ROC indicated a reliable prediction performance (AUC = 0.796). As expected, the ESTIMATE and immune scores were higher (P < 0.001) and the tumor purity (P < 0.05) was significantly lower in the low-risk subgroup. CIBERSORT analysis showed Tregs, M0 macrophages, dendritic cells resting, and eosinophils were positively correlated to the risk score. Moreover, the expression levels of PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, LAG-3, and KLRB1 were lower in the high-risk subgroup. Importantly, patients in high-risk subgroup tended to have a better response to immunotherapy than those in low-risk subgroup (P = 0.022). Similar to the above risk score, the IRS model also showed favorable prognosis predictive performance (AUC = 0.764). An integrated nomogram combining risk score, IRS, and age exhibited good prognostic predictive performance. Additionally, we validate the downregulation of PPP1R12A-AS1 promotes proliferation and metastasis by activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Our research confirms that m5C-lncRNAs not only contribute to evaluating the prognosis of patients with PTC but also help predict immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy response.

Dysregulated alternative splicing has been closely linked to the initiation and progression of tumors. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms through which splicing factors regulate endometrial cancer progression are still not fully understood. This study demonstrated elevated expression of the splicing factor SNRPB in endometrial cancer samples. Furthermore, our findings indicate that high SNRPB expression is correlated with poor prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer. Functionally, SNRPB inhibition hindered the proliferative and metastatic capacities of endometrial cancer cells. Mechanistically, we revealed that SNRPB knockdown decreased POLD1 expression and that POLD1 intron 22 was retained after SNRPB silencing in endometrial cancer cells, as determined via RNA sequencing data analysis. The retained intron 22 of POLD1 created a premature termination codon, leading to the absence of amino acids 941-1,107 and the loss of the site of interaction with PCNA, which is essential for POLD1 enzyme activity. In addition, POLD1 depletion decreased the increase in the malignancy of endometrial cancer cells overexpressing SNRPB. Furthermore, miR-654-5p was found to bind directly to the 3' untranslated region of SNRPB, resulting in SNRPB expression inhibition in endometrial cancer. Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated SNRPB inhibition led to a decrease in the growth capacity of a cell-derived xenograft model and a patient with endometrial cancer-derived xenograft model. Overall, SNRPB promotes the efficient splicing of POLD1 by regulating intron retention, ultimately contributing to high POLD1 expression in endometrial cancer. The oncogenic SNRPB-POLD1 axis is an interesting therapeutic target for endometrial cancer, and antisense oligonucleotide-mediated silencing of SNRPB may constitute a promising therapeutic approach for treating patients with endometrial cancer.

This study aims to estimate the spatiotemporal variation in the burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) attributable to low physical activity (LPA) at global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021.

Cross-sectional study.

Annual data on deaths of CRC related to LPA, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and the age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021 was extracted from the Global Health Data Exchange website. They were retrieved by age (5-year age groups from 25 to 94 years, and 95+ years), gender (male and female), and Socio-demographic Index (SDI). The association between age-standardized rates and SDI values was assessed by Spearman's correlation.

Between 1990 and 2021, there was nearly a twofold increase in DALYs and mortality globally for CRC related to LPA, despite decreases in ASMR and ASDR (EAPC: -0.82% and -0.83%, respectively). However, on a national scale, ASMR and ASDR increased in more than half of the world's countries and territories. Moreover, a greater burden of CRC related to LPA was observed in older populations, females, and those residing in regions with an SDI near 0.77.

These findings indicate the critical need to raise awareness about the preventive role of physical activity in CRC. Policymakers should prioritize developing and implementing strategies that ensure equitable access to sports resources, enabling more people to meet the World Health Organization guidelines.

It is known that genomic instability contributes to cancer development. Mitotically associated long non-coding RNA (MANCR) has been reported to promote genomic stability, suggesting its involvement in cancers. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the role of MANCR in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

After NSCLC (n = 60) and control (healthy subjects, n = 60) plasma samples, as well as NSCLC and paired non-tumor tissues from patients were collected, the levels of MANCR expression in plasma and tissues was detected using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Then the correlations of MANCR expression with clinical stages were confirmed. The diagnostic values of MANCR in both plasma and tissue samples for stage I/II NSCLC were analyzed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. All NSCLC patients were monitored for 5 years to investigate the role of MANCR in the prediction of patients' survival.

MANCR expression was downregulated in both NSCLC plasma and tissue of NSCLC patients compared to controls (P < 0.05). Decreased MANCR expression levels from stage I to IV were observed. However, MANCR expression in non-tumor tissue was not significantly different between different stages (P > 0.05). Additionally, stage I/II NSCLC patients were separated from controls using MANCR in plasma and tumor tissues as biomarkers. Lower MANCR levels in plasma and tumor were closely correlated with patients' higher mortality rate.

MANCR is down-expressed in NSCLC patients and may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for NSCLC.

Stigma has been identified as a significant factor impacting the health of lung cancer patients. However, the relationship between stigma, medical coping modes, and quality of life (QoL) has not been thoroughly examined.

This study aimed to explore the associations between stigma, medical coping modes, and QoL in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery.

A total of 304 surgical patients participated in an online survey, which included sociodemographic data, the Lung Cancer Stigma Scale, the Medical Coping Modes Scale, and the Quality of Life Scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0, and structural equation models were constructed using AMOS 24.0. The Bootstrap method was employed to test the mediating hypotheses.

The mean QoL score was 150.53 ± 15.54, showing significant associations with medical coping modes and stigma. Stigma was negatively correlated with QoL (r = -0.668, p < 0.01). Confrontation was positively associated with QoL (r = 0.339, p < 0.01), while resignation and avoidance were negatively correlated with QoL (r = -0.584, r = -0.500, p < 0.01). Stigma's effect on QoL was partially mediated by confrontation, resignation, and avoidance, with effect sizes of -0.051, -0.190, and - 0.098, respectively, accounting for 35.1% of the total effect.

Preoperative NSCLC patients in China experience moderate stigma, which detrimentally affects their QoL. Confrontation, resignation, and avoidance play mediating roles in this relationship. These findings offer new perspectives for developing interventions to improve QoL by addressing stigma and coping strategies.

CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have shown promising results in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) when combined with endocrine therapy (ET). It is crucial to evaluate the actual effectiveness and safety of CDK4/6i in clinical practice, as well as to analyze the factors that can predict their outcomes.

Patients with HR+ MBC who received CDK4/6i-based therapy between May 2016 and May 2023 at Hunan Cancer Hospital were evaluated for progression-free survival (PFS). Adverse reactions were assessed based on the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (version 5.0).

This study included 344 patients, with a median PFS (mPFS) of 12.8 months (range: 10.4-15.2 months). After adjustment, Cox multivariate regression analysis revealed that visceral metastasis (specifically liver and brain metastases), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) ≥ 1, estrogen receptor ≤ 80%, progesterone receptor ≤ 10%, Ki-67 > 30%, and treatment in later stages were significant factors associated with reduced PFS. Based on this, we created a prognostic nomogram and validated its performance, obtaining a C-index of 0.714 (95% confidence interval: 0.640-0.787) as well as reliable calibration and clinical impact. The mPFS of CDK4/6i rechallenge was 7.7 months; for patients who initially discontinued CDK4/6i for reasons other than disease progression, CDK4/6i rechallenge still provided a mPFS of 11.4 months. The tolerability and safety of combining CDK4/6is with ET were manageable. Adverse events led to treatment discontinuation in 3.8% of patients. Neutropenia (29.1%), leukopenia (13.7%), and anemia (4.1%) were the primary grade 3/4 adverse reactions.

This real-world study highlights the ample efficacy and reasonable safety of combined CDK4/6i and ET in patients with HR+ MBC. Individualized treatment decisions and ongoing safety monitoring are important to optimize the therapeutic benefit of CDK4/6i treatment.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, which represents a serious threat to human life, health and quality of life. Blood-based detection is essential for HCC screening, early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and surveillance. Current non-invasive detection strategy including serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), ultrasound, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The limited specificity of an AFP and the dependence on operator experience and diagnostic personnel for ultrasound have constrained their utility in early HCC diagnosis. In recent years, with the development of various detection technologies, there has been an increasing focus on exploring blood-based detection markers for HCC. The types of markers include protein markers, DNA mutation, DNA epigenetic modification, mRNA, miRNA, and so on. However, numerous methodological and biological factors limit the clinical sensitivity and generalization performance of these new biomarkers. In this review, we describe the state-of-the-art technologies for cfDNA analysis, and discuss outstanding biological and technical challenges that, if addressed, would substantially improve HCC diagnostics and patient care.

The current recommended starting age for gastric cancer screening lacks unified guideline and individualized criteria. We aimed to determine the risk-stratified starting age for gastric cancer screening in China based on individuals' risk profiles and to develop an online calculator for clinical application.

In this multicenter, population-based, prospective study, we allocated participants enrolled between 2015 and 2017 (N = 59 771, aged 40-69 years) to screened and unscreened groups and observed them for primary endpoints: gastric cancer occurrence as well as all-cause and gastric cancer-specific death. Median follow-up was 6.07 years. To determine the reference starting age, the effectiveness of gastric cancer screening was assessed by age group after propensity score matching. Further, we categorized the calculated individual risk scores (using well-established risk factors) by quantile. Subsequently, we used age-specific, 10-year cumulative risk curves to estimate the risk-stratified starting age-that is, when the individual's risk level matches the reference starting age risk threshold.

During follow-up, 475 gastric cancer case patients, 182 gastric cancer-related deaths, and 1860 all-cause deaths occurred. All-cause and gastric cancer-specific mortality decreased among screened individuals 45 years of age and older and 50 to 59 years of age, respectively. Thus, the average population (referent) starting age was set as 50 years. The 10-year cumulative risk of gastric cancer in the average population aged 50 years was 1.147%. We stratified the starting age using 8 risk factors and categorized participants as low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk individuals whose risk-stratified starting age was 58, 50, and 46 years, respectively.

Although high-risk individuals warrant starting gastric cancer screening 3 to 5 years earlier than for the average population (aged 50 years), low-risk individuals can tolerate delayed screening. Our online, personalized starting age calculator will help with risk-adapted gastric cancer screening (https://web.consultech.com.cn/gastric/#/).

The purpose of this meta-analysis is to assess whether there is an association between hysterectomy and oophorectomy and risk of primary thyroid cancer.

PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies published from database inception to May 13, 2024, using medical subject headings (MeSH) and keywords. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata statistical software (version 14.0). If P > 0.1 and I2 ≤ 50%, a fixed-effects model was adopted. If I2 > 50% a random-effects model was adopted. The funnel plot and Egger's test were used to evaluate publication bias.

A total of 11 studies explored the association between a history of hysterectomy, oophorectomy and the risk of thyroid cancer. The pooling analysis shows that a history of hysterectomy, oophorectomy is associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer (HR = 1.597; 95% CI: 1.467-1.738; I2 = 57.1%, P = 0.01 < 0.1). In the subgroup analysis, a follow-up duration exceeding 20 years is linked to an elevated risk of thyroid cancer (HR = 1.772; 95% CI: 1.301-2.414; I² = 81.70%, P = 0.004 > 0.001). Hysterectomy combined with salpingo-oophorectomy is associated with a higher risk of thyroid cancer incidence (HR = 1.633; 95% CI: 1.449-1.841; I² = 51.10%, P = 0.069 > 0.001). Studies that balanced smoking, alcohol consumption, and history of thyroid disease demonstrated an association between hysterectomy and increased risk of thyroid disease (HR = 1.734; 95% CI: 1.591-1.891; I² = 31.30%, P = 0.225 > 0.001).

Our meta-analysis reveals a heightened risk of primary thyroid cancer following hysterectomy and oophorectomy. These findings underscore the importance of considering potential cancer risks when determining surgical approaches and implementing preventive measures prior to these procedures.The meta-analysis was conducted in adherence to the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) (1). The protocol was pre-registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) platform, with the registration number CRD42024546451.

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, identifier CRD42024546451.

Humans can be exposed to multiple pollutants in the air and surface water. These environments are non-static, trans-boundary and correlated, creating a complex network, and significant challenges for research on environmental hazards, especially in real-world cancer research. This article reports on a large study (377 million people in 30 provinces of China) that evaluated the combined impact of air and surface water pollution on cancer. We formulate a spatial evaluation system and a common grading scale for co-pollution measurement, and validate assumptions that air and surface water environments are spatially connected and that cancers of different types tend to cluster in areas where these environments are poorer. We observe "dose-response" relationships in both the number of affected cancer types and the cancer incidence with an increase in degree of co-pollution. We estimate that 62,847 (7.4%) new cases of cancer registered in China in 2016 were attributable to air and surface water pollution, and the majority (69.7%) of these excess cases occurred in areas with the highest level of co-pollution. The findings clearly show that the environment cannot be considered as a set of separate entities. They also support the development of policies for cooperative environmental governance and disease prevention.

With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reductions in T-cell function and exhaustion have been observed in patients post-infection of COVID-19. T cells are key mediators of anti-infection and antitumor, and their exhaustion increases the risk of compromised immune function and elevated susceptibility to cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer with high incidence and mortality. Although the survival rate after standard treatment such as surgical treatment and chemotherapy has improved, the therapeutic effect is still limited due to drug resistance, side effects, and recurrence. Recent advances in molecular biology and immunology enable the development of highly targeted therapy and immunotherapy for cancer, which has driven cancer therapies into individualized treatments and gradually entered clinicians' views for treating NSCLC. Currently, with the development of photosensitizer materials, phototherapy has been gradually applied to the treatment of NSCLC. This review provides an overview of recent advancements and limitations in different treatment strategies for NSCLC under the background of COVID-19. We discuss the latest advances in phototherapy as a promising treatment method for NSCLC. After critically examining the successes, challenges, and prospects associated with these treatment modalities, their profound prospects were portrayed.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical performance of HBRT-H14, a real-time PCR-based assay that separates human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and HPV18 from 12 other high-risk (HR) HPV types, in population according to Chinese guideline.

A total of 9829 eligible women aged 21-64 years from Henan, Shanxi, and Guangdong provinces were performed by HBRT-H14 testing and liquid-based cytology (LBC) screening at baseline and followed up for 3-year. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (absolute risk), and negative predictive value of LBC diagnosis and HPV testing were calculated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) Lesions.

At baseline, 80 (0.81%) participants were diagnosed with CIN2+. HR-HPV with reflex LBC had a significantly higher sensitivity (78/80, 97.50% [95% CI, 91.34-99.31%] vs. 62/80, 77.50% [67.21-85.27%], McNemar's test p < 0.001), and a slightly lower specificity (8528/9749, 87.48% [86.80-88.12%] vs. 8900/9749, 91.29% [90.72-91.83%], McNemar's test p < 0.001) than LBC with reflex HR-HPV for CIN2+. 7832 (79.6%) participants completed 3-year follow-up and 172 (2.20%) participants were cumulatively diagnosed with CIN2+. Compared with LBC with reflex HR-HPV, HR-HPV with reflex LBC significantly increased the sensitivity (161/172, 93.60% [88.91-96.39%] vs. 87/172, 50.58% [43.18-57.96%], McNemar's test p < 0.001), but marginally decreased the specificity (6776/7660, 88.46% [87.72-89.16%] vs. 6933/7660, 90.51% [89.83-91.15], McNemar's test p < 0.001). In addition, the absolute 3-year risk of CIN2+ in HPV16/18-positive individuals was as high as 33% (80/238), whereas the risk in the HPV-negative population was only 0.16% (11/6787), much lower than those in the negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy population (1.21%, 85/7018). Moreover, similar results were found in women ≥30 years old.

The study has indicated that HBRT-14 has a reliable clinical performance for use in cervical screening. The validated HPV test would improve the quality of population screening.

This study was performed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic surgery and open surgery and their effects on postoperative blood coagulation state in patients with thyroid cancer, and to provide evidence for the prevention measurement of thrombosis in the perioperative period.

One hundred patients with thyroid cancer who received treatment in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021, were randomly divided into an endoscopic group and an open surgery group, with 50 patients in each group. The patients in the open surgery group were treated by traditional open surgery, while patients in the endoscopic group accepted endoscopic surgery. The clinically therapeutic effect and blood coagulation of the 2 groups were compared.

Intraoperative blood loss and length of hospital stay were lower, and operative time was longer in the endoscopic group than in the open surgery group (P < 0.05). The 24-hour postoperative fibrinogen and D-dimer levels were higher in both groups than in the preoperative period, while PT was shorter (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative complications and follow-up between the 2 groups (P > 0.05), but the incidence of complications, postoperative metastases, and thrombosis was relatively low in the endoscopic group.

In the treatment of patients with thyroid cancer, endoscopic surgery has the advantages of less blood loss, fewer complications, and so on. Endoscopic and open surgery can lead to a hypercoagulable state, but the effect of endoscopic surgery is better than that of open surgery.

With the development of comprehensive treatment, locoregional transarterial chemotherapy has become an alternative conversion therapy, palliative therapy, and neoadjuvant therapy for many solid malignant tumors. Locoregional transarterial chemotherapy, which is most frequently used for treating liver cancer, has the characteristics of high regional efficacy and few systemic adverse reactions. In recent years, the number of relevant reports of locoregional chemotherapy for treating initially inoperable colorectal cancer (CRC), including non-metastatic and metastatic CRC, has gradually increased. However, the specific treatment options for such locoregional therapy are not the same, and its indications, medication regimens and combined treatments have not reached any consensus. In this review, the application status of locoregional transarterial chemotherapy in primary and metastatic CRC patients has been reviewed and summarized to provide a reference for future clinical work and scientific research.

Anti-HER2 targeted therapy significantly reduces risk of relapse in HER2 + breast cancer. New measures are needed for a precise risk stratification to guide (de-)escalation of anti-HER2 strategy.

A total of 726 HER2 + cases who received no/single/dual anti-HER2 targeted therapies were split into three respective cohorts. A deep learning model (DeepTEPP) based on preoperative breast magnetic resonance (MR) was developed. Patients were scored and categorized into low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was compared in patients with different risk groups according to the anti-HER2 treatment they received, to validate the value of DeepTEPP in predicting treatment efficacy and guiding anti-HER2 strategy.

DeepTEPP was capable of risk stratification and guiding anti-HER2 treatment strategy: DeepTEPP-Low patients (60.5%) did not derive significant RFS benefit from trastuzumab (p = 0.144), proposing an anti-HER2 de-escalation. DeepTEPP-Moderate patients (19.8%) significantly benefited from trastuzumab (p = 0.048), but did not obtain additional improvements from pertuzumab (p = 0.125). DeepTEPP-High patients (19.7%) significantly benefited from dual HER2 blockade (p = 0.045), suggesting an anti-HER2 escalation.

DeepTEPP represents a pioneering MR-based deep learning model that enables the non-invasive prediction of adjuvant anti-HER2 effectiveness, thereby providing valuable guidance for anti-HER2 (de-)escalation strategies. DeepTEPP provides an important reference for choosing the appropriate individualized treatment in HER2 + breast cancer patients, warranting prospective validation.

We built an MR-based deep learning model DeepTEPP, which enables the non-invasive prediction of adjuvant anti-HER2 effectiveness, thus guiding anti-HER2 (de-)escalation strategies in early HER2-positive breast cancer patients.

• DeepTEPP is able to predict anti-HER2 effectiveness and to guide treatment (de-)escalation. • DeepTEPP demonstrated an impressive prognostic efficacy for recurrence-free survival and overall survival. • To our knowledge, this is one of the very few, also the largest study to test the efficacy of a deep learning model extracted from breast MR images on HER2-positive breast cancer survival and anti-HER2 therapy effectiveness prediction.

Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality and is the second leading cause of death. Diabetes mellitus is a serious and growing problem worldwide, and its prevalence continues to grow; it is the 12th leading cause of death. An association between diabetes mellitus and cancer has been suggested for more than 100 years. Diabetes is a common disease diagnosed among patients with cancer, and evidence indicates that approximately 8-18% of patients with cancer have diabetes, with investigations suggesting an association between diabetes and some particular cancers, increasing the risk for developing cancers such as pancreatic, liver, colon, breast, stomach, and a few others. Breast and colorectal cancers have increased from 20% to 30% and there is a 97% increased risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma or endometrial cancer. On the other hand, a number of cancers and cancer therapies increase the risk of diabetes mellitus. Complications due to diabetes in patients with cancer may influence the choice of cancer therapy. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of the associations between diabetes mellitus and cancer are still unknown. The aim of this review is to summarize the association of diabetes mellitus with selected cancers and update the evidence on the underlying mechanisms of this association.

In immunotherapy, antibodies are activated to block immune checkpoints, resist tumour immunosuppression, shrink tumours and prevent a recurrence. As the science behind tumour immunotherapy continuously develops and improves, neoadjuvant immunotherapy bears more prominent advantages: antigen exposure not only enhances the degree of tumour-specific T-cell response but also prolongs the duration of actions. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of McKeown minimally invasive oesophagectomy (McKeown MIO) following neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (NICT) in patients with locally advanced oesophageal cancer (OC).

In this retrospective study, 94 patients underwent either NICT or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) followed by MIO at our institution from January 2020 to October 2022. We assessed the therapy-related adverse events and perioperative outcomes and compared them between the two groups.

After completing at least two cycles of neoadjuvant therapy, all patients underwent McKeown MIO with negative margins within 4-7 weeks. Demographic data of the two cohorts were similar. Regarding perioperative characteristics, the median intraoperative blood loss was 50 ml in the NICT group, lower than that of the NCT group (100 ml, P < 0.05). In addition, the NICT group had significantly more harvested lymph nodes than the NCT group ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in post-operative complications. The rate of objective response rate in the NICT group was higher than that in the NCT group (88.3% vs. 58.8%). Regarding tumour regression, the number of patients with TRG Grades 1-3 in the NICT group was more than that in the NCT. Adverse events experienced by the two groups included anaemia and elevated transaminase. We found no difference in the adverse events between the two groups.

This study showed the efficacy and feasibility of NICT followed by McKeown MIO in treating locally advanced OC.

Conducting this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the correlation between atmospheric environmental quality and lung cancer incidence, and provides the scientific basis for formulating effective environmental protection and lung cancer prevention and control strategies. Lung cancer incidence in China has strong spatial variation. However, few studies have systematically revealed the characteristics of the spatial variation in lung cancer incidence, and have explained the causes of this spatial variation in lung cancer incidence from the perspectives of multiple components of the atmospheric environment to explain this spatial variation in lung cancer incidence. To address research limitations, we first analyze the spatial variation and spatial correlation characteristics of lung cancer incidence in China. Then, we build a spatial regression model using GeoDa software with lung cancer incidence as the dependent variable, five atmospheric environment factors-particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) concentration, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and elevation as explanatory variables, and four socio-economic characteristics as control variables to systematically analyze the influence and intensity of these factors on lung cancer incidence. The results show that lung cancer incidence in China has apparent changes in geographical and spatial unevenness, and spatial autocorrelation characteristics. In China, the lung cancer incidence is relatively high in Northeast China, while some areas of high lung cancer incidence still exist in Central China, Southwest China and South China, although the overall lung cancer incidence is relatively low. The atmospheric environment significantly affects lung cancer incidence. Different elements of the atmospheric environment vary in the direction and extent of their influence on the development of lung cancer. A 1% increase in PM2.5 concentration is associated with a level of 0.002975 increase in lung cancer incidence. Atmospheric pressure positively affects lung cancer incidence, and an increase in atmospheric pressure by 1% increases lung cancer incidence by a level of 0.026061. Conversely, a 1% increase in temperature is linked to a level of 0.006443 decreases in lung cancer incidence, and a negative correlation exists between elevation and lung cancer incidence, where an increase in elevation by 1% correlates with a decrease in lung cancer incidence by a level of 0.000934. The core influencing factors of lung cancer incidence in the seven geographical divisions of China exhibit variations. This study facilitates our understanding of the spatial variation characteristics of lung cancer incidence in China on a finer scale, while also offering a more diverse perspective on the impact of the atmospheric environment on lung cancer incidence.

Sarcopenia has been associated with higher toxicity induced by anti-cancer treatments and shorter survival in patients with squamous cell lung carcinoma (SqCLC). Over the past few decades, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improves the prognosis. However, few clinical studies explored the effectiveness of immunotherapy in the elderly population. Here, we performed a retrospective analysis to determine the prognostic role of sarcopenia in older patients with SqCLC receiving ICIs. We retrospectively assessed SqCLC patients who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors and all patients were at least 70 years old. Pre-treatment sarcopenic status was determined by analyzing L3 skeletal muscle index (SMI) with chest CT. Progression-free survival (PFS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the differences in survival were compared using the log-rank test. Among 130 male SqCLC patients, 93 had sarcopenia. Patients with sarcopenia were older and had a lower body mass index (BMI). Over an average follow-up of 20.8 months, 92 patients died. For all 130 patients, the mean OS was 13.3 months. Patients with sarcopenia had a significantly shorter OS and PFS than those without sarcopenia (OS, 12.4 ± 5.2 months vs. 15.5 ± 10.5 months, P = 0.028; PFS, 6.4 ± 2.9 months vs. 7.7 ± 4.2 months; P = 0.035). Multivariable analysis showed that sarcopenia was an independent prognostic factor for shorter OS and PFS. CT-determined sarcopenia is an independent prognostic factor for older patients with SqCLC receiving ICIs.

A high level of reduced glutathione is a major factor contributing to the radioresistance observed in solid tumors. To address this radioresistance associated with glutathione, a cinnamaldehyde (CA) polymer prodrug, referred to as PDPCA, is fabricated. This prodrug is created by synthesizing a pendent CA prodrug with acetal linkages in a hydrophobic block, forming a self-assembled into a core-shell nanoparticle in aqueous media. Additionally, it encapsulates all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for synchronous delivery, resulting in PDPCA@ATRA. The PDPCA@ATRA nanoparticles accumulate reactive oxygen species through both endogenous and exogenous pathways, enhancing ferroptosis by depleting glutathione. This approach demonstrates efficacy in overcoming tumor radioresistance in vivo and in vitro, promoting the ferroptosis, and enhancing the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response for lung tumors to anti-PD-1 (αPD-1) immunotherapy. Furthermore, this study reveals that PDPCA@ATRA nanoparticles promote ferroptosis through the NRF2-GPX4 signaling pathway, suggesting the potential for further investigation into the combination of radiotherapy and αPD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment.

Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Body composition and inflammatory markers are increasingly important for predicting cancer prognosis. The Cancer Cachexia Index (CXI) and the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) are two new markers evaluating prognosis in cancer. In this study, we evaluated the utility of the CXI and the modified GPS in young patients with breast cancer. Methods Eighty patients diagnosed between 2012 and 2023 were included in the study. The following information was recorded: patient features, pathological subtype, estrogen receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) status, disease stage, therapies, disease recurrence, and last control or death date. The CXI and the modified GPS were calculated using clinical data, including skeletal muscle index, albumin, C-reactive protein, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Results There were no differences in overall survival with respect to the CXI in the study population (p=0.96). Only stage 4 patients showed statistically significant survival differences according to the CXI (p=0.046). Although the median survival time was not reached for the modified GPS groups, there was a statistical overall survival difference favoring the negative group (p=0.017). No significant differences were observed in disease-free survival due to the CXI (p=0.128). In multivariate analysis, no factors, including the modified GPS and the CXI, influenced overall survival. There was a significant effect of the modified GPS and body mass index on recurrence (p=0.037; p=0.034). The CXI had a non-significant marginal p-value (p=0.074). Conclusion Our study showed that the modified GPS may be related to disease-free survival and overall survival, whereas the CXI has a more prominent prognostic effect on overall survival in advanced-stage breast cancers. In early-stage and young patients, optimization of risk scores is lacking.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer globally, and liver metastasis (CRLM) is the primary cause of death. Hence, it is essential to discover novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic drugs for CRLM.

This study developed two liver metastasis-associated prognostic signatures based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CRLM. Additionally, we employed an interpretable deep learning model utilizing drug sensitivity databases to identify potential therapeutic drugs for high-risk CRLM patients. Subsequently, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to verify the efficacy of these compounds.

These two prognostic models exhibited superior performance compared to previously reported ones. Obatoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor, showed significant differential responses between high and low risk groups classified by prognostic models, and demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in both Transwell assay and CT26 colorectal liver metastasis mouse model.

This study highlights the significance of developing specialized prognostication approaches and investigating effective therapeutic drugs for patients with CRLM. The application of a deep learning drug response model provides a new drug discovery strategy for translational medicine in precision oncology.

Previous studies have indicated that cancer patients may have a lower level of subjective well-being (SWB); nevertheless, the underlying factors for this phenomenon remain insufficiently investigated. Based on the characteristics of Chinese breast cancer patients and the unique culture, this study explored the independent contributions of death anxiety, self-esteem, and social support to SWB from the protective and risk perspectives. A cross-sectional survey recruited 514 females with breast cancer and collected participants' demographic and the above variables. The results found that death anxiety independently predicted SWB in a negative direction (β = -0.36, p < 0.001). In addition, self-esteem (β = 0.38, p < 0.001) and social support (β = 0.14, p < 0.001) also had the unique positive effects on SWB. These findings offer new insights into strengthening breast cancer patients' SWB, for instance, using relevant interventions to reduce death anxiety and improve self-esteem and social support.

Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) exhibits abnormal expression in various cancers and correlates with poor prognosis. This study investigates DKK1's prognostic relevance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC).

We conducted a comprehensive search across literature and sequencing databases to gather eligible studies and HNSC datasets. We calculated pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for clinical characteristics, as well as hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CIs for overall survival (OS) and progression-free/disease-free survival (PFS/DFS). Sensitivity analysis gauged result stability, and Egger's test assessed publication bias.

Pooled results indicated that HNSC patients with higher T-stage exhibited elevated DKK1 expression levels, and this elevated expression was associated with shorter OS and PFS/DFS. While sensitivity analysis identified some studies significantly affecting pooled results, most were unaffected, and no publication bias was detected.

DKK1 holds promise as a potential biomarker for predicting poor prognosis in HNSC patients, but further research is needed for confirmation.

The National Cancer Center (NCC) of China regularly reports the nationwide statistics on cancer incidence and mortality in China. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) calculates and publishes the cancer burden of countries around the world every two years. To ensure consistency between the actual surveillance data in China and the data published by IARC, NCC has received approval from the National Health Commission and IARC to simultaneously release the cancer burden data for China in GLOBOCAN 2022.

There were a total of 700 registries reporting high-quality data on cancer incidence and mortality across China in 2018, of which 106 registries with continuous monitoring from 2010 to 2018 were used to establish an age-period-cohort model to simulate the trend of cancer incidence and mortality and to estimate the incidence and mortality in China in 2022. In addition, we analyzed the temporal trends of age-standardized cancer incidence and mortality from 2000 to 2018 using data from 22 continuous cancer registries.

It was estimated about 4,824,700 new cancer cases and 2,574,200 new cancer deaths occurred in China in 2022. Cancers of the lung, colon-rectum, thyroid, liver and stomach were the top five cancer types, accounting for 57.42% of new cancer cases. Cancers of the lung, liver, stomach, colon-rectum and esophagus were the five leading causes of cancer deaths, accounting for 67.50% of total cancer deaths. The crude rate and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) were 341.75 per 100,000 and 201.61 per 100,000, respectively. The crude mortality rate was 182.34 per 100,000 and the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was 96.47 per 100,000. The ASIR of all cancers combined increased by approximately 1.4% per year during 2000-2018, while the ASMR decreased by approximately 1.3% per year. We observed decreasing trends in ASIR and ASMR for cancers of the esophagus, stomach, and liver, whereas the ASIR increased significantly for cancers of the thyroid, prostate, and cervix.

Cancer remains a major public health concern in China, with a cancer profile that reflects the coexistence of developed and developing regions. Sustained implementation of prevention and control measures has resulted in significant reductions in the incidence and mortality rates of certain historically high incidence cancers, such as esophageal, stomach and liver cancers. Adherence to the guidelines of the Healthy China Action Plan and the Cancer Prevention and Control Action Plan, along with continued efforts in comprehensive risk factor control, cancer screening, early diagnosis and treatment, and standardization of diagnostic and therapeutic protocols, are key strategies to effectively mitigate the increasing cancer burden by 2030.

This study trains a U-shaped fully convolutional neural network (U-Net) model based on peripheral contour measures to achieve rapid, accurate, automated identification and segmentation of periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT).

Currently, no studies are using deep learning methods to discriminate and segment periprostatic adipose tissue. This paper proposes a novel and modified, U-shaped convolutional neural network contour control points on a small number of datasets of MRI T2W images of PPAT combined with its gradient images as a feature learning method to reduce feature ambiguity caused by the differences in PPAT contours of different patients. This paper adopts a supervised learning method on the labeled dataset, combining the probability and spatial distribution of control points, and proposes a weighted loss function to optimize the neural network's convergence speed and detection performance. Based on high-precision detection of control points, this paper uses a convex curve fitting to obtain the final PPAT contour. The imaging segmentation results were compared with those of a fully convolutional network (FCN), U-Net, and semantic segmentation convolutional network (SegNet) on three evaluation metrics: Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff distance (HD), and intersection over union ratio (IoU).

Cropped images with a 270 × 270-pixel matrix had DSC, HD, and IoU values of 70.1%, 27 mm, and 56.1%, respectively; downscaled images with a 256 × 256-pixel matrix had 68.7%, 26.7 mm, and 54.1%. A U-Net network based on peripheral contour characteristics predicted the complete periprostatic adipose tissue contours on T2W images at different levels. FCN, U-Net, and SegNet could not completely predict them.

This U-Net convolutional neural network based on peripheral contour features can identify and segment periprostatic adipose tissue quite well. Cropped images with a 270 × 270-pixel matrix are more appropriate for use with the U-Net convolutional neural network based on contour features; reducing the resolution of the original image will lower the accuracy of the U-Net convolutional neural network. FCN and SegNet are not appropriate for identifying PPAT on T2 sequence MR images. Our method can automatically segment PPAT rapidly and accurately, laying a foundation for PPAT image analysis.

Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. The progression of the condition is associated with a poor prognosis, so it is necessary to identify new biomarkers to improve the diagnostic rate of bladder cancer.

In this study, 338 urine samples (144 bladder cancer, 123 healthy control, 32 cystitis, and 39 upper urinary tract cancer samples) were collected, among which 238 samples (discovery group) were analyzed by LC-MS. The urinary proteome characteristics of each group were compared with those of bladder cancer, and the differential proteins were defined by bioinformatics analysis. The pathways and functional enrichments were annotated. The selected proteins with the highest AUC score were used to construct a diagnostic panel. One hundred samples (validation group) were used to test the effect of the panel by ELISA.

Compared with the healthy control, cystitis and upper urinary tract cancer samples, the number of differential proteins in the bladder cancer samples was 325, 158 and 473, respectively. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly related to lipid metabolism and iron metabolism and were involved in the proliferation, metabolism and necrosis of bladder cancer cells. The AUC of the panel of APOL1 and ITIH3 was 0.96 in the discovery group. ELISA detection showed an AUC of 0.92 in the validation group.

This study showed that urinary proteins can reflect the pathophysiological changes in bladder cancer and that important molecules can be used as biomarkers for bladder cancer screening. These findings will benefit the application of the urine proteome in clinical research.

Bone health management for breast cancer spans the entire cycle of patient care, including the prevention and treatment of bone loss caused by early breast cancer treatment, the adjuvant application of bone-modifying agents to improve prognosis, and the diagnosis and treatment of advanced bone metastases. Making good bone health management means formulating appropriate treatment strategies and dealing with adverse drug reactions, and will help to improve patients' quality of life and survival rates. The Breast Cancer Expert Committee of the National Cancer Center for Quality Control organized relevant experts to conduct an in-depth discussion on the full-cycle management of breast cancer bone health based on evidence-based medicine, and put forward reasonable suggestions to guide clinicians to better deal with health issues in bone health clinics.

The metastasis of lung cancer poses a major clinical challenge, and m6A modification has been implicated in regulating the invasive capabilities of tumor cells. However, the mechanisms underlying m6A modification in lung cancer metastasis are not well understood. This study aims to explore the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in lung cancer. In this study, METTL3 were found to be downregulated in lung cancer tissues. Functionally, METTL3 inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, SH3 domain binding protein 5 (SH3BP5) was identified as a downstream target of METTL3. Overexpression of SH3BP5 suppressed the invasive capacity of lung cancer cells, and this regulation was m6A-dependent. Finally, we discovered that YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein F1 (YTHDF1) mediated stability is responsible for maintaining the m6A modification of SH3BP5 mRNA. Overall, our study provides insights into the critical role of METTL3-mediated m6A modification and m6A-dependent regulatory mechanisms in the progression of human lung cancer. We demonstrated that METTL3 regulates the mRNA stability of SH3BP5 in a YTHDF1-dependent manner, thereby impacting the invasive capacity of lung cancer cells.

The enzyme phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) is responsible for synthesizing phosphatidylcholine by methylating phosphatidylethanolamine. We hypothesized that a polymorphism of the PEMT gene, rs7946, is involved in carcinogenesis.

We aimed to investigate the relationship between PEMT rs7946 and digestive system cancer and examine possible effect modifiers and mediators.

We conducted a nested, case-control study within the China H-type Hypertension Registry Study, including 751 cases and 1:1 matched controls. To assess the association of PEMT rs7946 and digestive system cancer, we estimated odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using conditional logistic regression. We used the bootstrap test to examine the potential mediating effects of related metabolites.

Our results revealed that wild-type homozygous CC genotype carriers of PEMT rs7946 had a significantly increased risk [odds ratio (OR): 1.31; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.66; P = 0.023] compared with the TT/CT combined genotypes. The effect was found to be more pronounced in individuals with a lower choline-to-betaine ratio (<0.412, P-interaction = 0.021). Furthermore, the mediation analysis indicated that the choline-to-betaine ratio played a significant role in mediating 13.55% of the association between PEMT rs7946 and digestive system cancer (P = 0.018).

Our study suggested that PEMT rs7946 may affect risk of digestive system cancer through direct and indirect pathways, and the choline-to-betaine ratio may partially mediate the indirect effect.This trial was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry as ChiCTR1800017274.

We aimed to investigate cancer patients' experiences of psychological distress after surgery and the factors that influence it, and to analyze the relationship between this and the nursing humanistic care demands.

This study used a convenience sampling method to survey 432 cancer patients undergoing surgical treatment in the specialized cancer hospital in Beijing. The survey used socio-demographic information, the Distress Management Screening Measures, and the Nursing Humanistic Care Demands questionnaire. Questionnaire Star was used to collect data online. SPSS24.0 software was used to test the relationship between psychological distress and nursing humanistic care demands.

The mean scores for psychological distress and nursing humanistic care demands were 3.95 ± 2.71 and 147.02 ± 19.88, respectively, and showed a moderately positive correlation. The main issues that caused psychological distress in patients were: worry, financial problems, surroundings, nervousness, sleep, and pain. Regression analysis showed that gender, financial burden, personality trait, and need for humanistic care in nursing explained 24.5% of the total variance in the model and were independent predictors of psychological distress.

Cancer inpatients have significant psychological distress after surgery and exhibit high levels of nursing humanistic care demands. This study fills the research gap on humanistic care for psychological distress management, nursing humanistic care demands positively predicted psychological distress. Nursing staff should pay attention to the psychological suffering of patients and develop individualized care measures to alleviate their psychological suffering by accurately identifying their nursing humanistic care demands.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death, with high morbidity and mortality rates due to the lack of reliable methods for diagnosing lung cancer at an early stage. Low-dose computed tomography can help detect abnormal areas in the lungs, but only 16% of cases are diagnosed early. Tests for lung cancer markers are often employed to determine genetic expression or mutations in lung carcinogenesis. Serum glycome analysis is a promising new method for early lung cancer diagnosis as glycopatterns exhibit significant differences in lung cancer patients. In this study, we employed a solid-phase chemoenzymatic method to systematically compare glycopatterns in benign cases, adenocarcinoma before and after surgery, and advanced stages of adenocarcinoma. Our findings indicate that serum high-mannose levels are elevated in both benign cases and adenocarcinoma, while complex N-glycans, including fucose and 2,6-linked sialic acid, are downregulated in the serum. Subsequently, we developed an algorithm that utilizes 16 altered N-glycans, 7 upregulated and 9 downregulated, to generate a score based on their intensity. This score can predict the stages of cancer progression in patients through glycan characterization. This methodology offers a potential means of diagnosing lung cancer through serum glycome analysis.

Thyroid cancer (TC), the most common endocrine malignant tumor, is increasingly causing a huge threat to our health nowadays.

To explore the tumorigenesis mechanism of thyroid cancer, we identified that long intergenic non-coding RNA-00891 (LINC00891) was upregulated in TC using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and local databases. LINC00891 expression was correlated with histological type and lymph node metastasis (LNM). The high expression of LINC00891 could serve as a diagnostic marker for TC and its LNM. In vitro experiments demonstrated that LINC00891 knockdown could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and prompt apoptosis and G1 arrest of TC cells. We also investigated the related mechanisms of LINC00891 promoting TC progression using RNA sequencing, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and Western blotting.

Our experiments demonstrated that LINC00891 promoted TC progression via the EZH2-SMAD2/3 signaling axis. In addition, overexpression of EZH2 could reverse the suppressive epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) caused by LINC00891 knockdown.

In conclusion, the LINC00891/EZH2/SMAD2/3 regulatory axis participated in tumorigenesis and metastasis of thyroid cancer, which may provide a novel target for treatment.

Online medical consultation can serve as a valuable means for rural residents to access high-quality health care resources, thereby mitigating the geographic and economic disadvantages prevalent in rural areas. Nevertheless, due to lower cognitive abilities, rural residents often face challenges in trusting and making effective use of online medical consultations. More likely, adopting a bounded rational decision-making model that facilitates the "offline-to-online" trust transfer could prove to be a potentially effective approach. This strategy aims to encourage less technologically experienced rural residents to trust and make use of online medical consultations.

This study aims to characterize the status of "offline-to-online" trust transfer among rural residents in the context of internet health care, and analyze its direct impact on facilitating the utilization of online medical consultation. Additionally, we investigate the family spillover effect of "offline-to-online" trust transfer in promoting the use of online medical consultation among rural family members, considering its distributional effect across various education levels of the population.

A multistage stratified random sampling method was used to survey participants in rural areas of China from July to September 2021, encompassing a total of 2597 rural residents from 960 rural households. Propensity score values were estimated using logit regression, and the propensity score matching method, using the K-nearest neighbor matching, radius matching, and kernel matching methods, was applied to create matched treatment and control samples of rural residents based on their experience of "offline-to-online" trust transfer. Subsequently, we calculated average treatment effect scores to compare the differences in utilizing online medical consultation between the treatment and control rural samples.

As many as 551/960 (57.4%) rural residents experienced an "offline-to-online" trust transfer, with a higher likelihood observed in the older population with lower levels of education and higher satisfaction with local health care services. Furthermore, rural residents who underwent "offline-to-online" trust transfer were 37%-40% more likely to utilize online medical consultation compared with those who did not experience this trust transfer. Additionally, family members of householders who underwent "offline-to-online" trust transfer were 25%-28% more likely to utilize online medical consultation than those whose householders did not experience this trust transfer. Notably, when compared with populations with high-level education, the "offline-to-online" trust transfer had more significant direct and spillover effects on the utilization of online medical consultation services among rural residents with low-level education.

To enhance the "offline-to-online" trust transfer among rural residents and its facilitation in their utilization of online medical consultation, as well as other mobile health (mHealth) and ubiquitous health (uHealth) services, we recommend that online health care providers adopt a "patient-oriented" service model. This approach aims to elevate rural residents' satisfaction with local health care services and harness the trust-building functions inherent in physician-patient relationships and among family members.

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a crucial negative costimulatory molecule expressed on both tumor and immune cells. It binds to programmed death-1, facilitating tumor escape. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells play a vital role in this process. However, the clinical relationship between PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells remains uncertain. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was utilized to assess PD-L1 expression and TIIC markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD31, CD68, CD11c, CD56, and α-smooth muscle actin) in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues from 268 patients. The aim was to explore the prognostic significance of PD-L1 and the infiltration of different immune cell types. The study analyzed overall survival and the correlations between PD-L1 expression, immune cell infiltration, and clinicopathological characteristics. Among the 268 patients, 52 (19.40%) exhibited high PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TPD-L1), while 167 (62.31%) displayed high PD-L1 expression on immune cells (IPD-L1). Patients with high IPD-L1 expression showed improved survival compared to those with low IPD-L1 expression (P = .028). High TPD-L1 expression associated with various clinicopathological features, such as larger tumor size, poorer differentiation, deeper invasion depth, and higher tumor stage. Conversely, patients with high IPD-L1 expression exhibited shallower tumor invasion and lower mortality rates. Univariate analysis indicated that superficial tumor infiltration, absence of lymph node and distant metastasis, low tumor stage, high IPD-L1 expression, and elevated CD8 and CD19 expression were associated with a reduced risk of tumor progression. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with high IPD-L1 and CD8 expression or high TPD-L1 and low CD31 expression experienced significantly better overall survival than patients with other combinations. The findings indicate that patients with high PD-L1 expression in immune cells have a substantially improved prognosis. Additionally, the combination of PD-L1 with CD8 or CD31 expression status can serve as an indicator of prognosis in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.