Retrospective comparison of precutting endoscopic band ligation and endoscopic submucosal dissection for small gastric muscularis propria tumors

Table 1 Baseline demographics and tumor characteristics in endoscopic submucosal dissection and precutting endoscopic band ligation patients before and after inverse probability of treatment weighting adjustment, n (%)

Variables	ESD (n = 48)	Precutting EBL (n = 46)	P value		Standardized difference
			Before IPTW	After IPTW	Before IPTW	After IPTW
Gender	-	-	1	0.964	0.005	0.010
Male	21 (43.75)	20 (43.48)	-	-	-	-
Female	27 (56.25)	26 (56.52)	-	-	-	-
Age, years, mean ± SD	54.27 ± 8.61	53.13 ± 11.10	0.578	0.734	0.115	0.013
Tumor size, mm
Median (IQR)	10.00 (10.00-10.00)	11.00 (9.25-14.75)	0.134	0.939	0.333	0.016
Tumor location	-	-	0.868	0.977	0.078	0.006
Fundus	30 (62.50)	27 (58.70)	-	-	-	-
Others	18 (37.50)	19 (41.30)	-	-	-	-
Cardia	1 (2.08)	1 (2.17)	-	-	-	-
Body	15 (31.25)	9 (19.57)	-	-	-	-
Antrum	2 (4.17)	9 (19.57)	-	-	-	-

EBL: Endoscopic band ligation; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; IPTW: Inverse probability of treatment weighting; IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 2 Perioperative and follow-up outcomes of patients with submucosal tumors before and after inverse probability of treatment weighting adjustment, n (%)

Variables	Before IPTW adjustment			After IPTW adjustment
	ESD (n = 48)	Precutting EBL (n = 46)	Significance (P value)	ESD (n = 93.97)	Precutting EBL (n = 94.27)	Significance (P value)
Procedure duration, minutes
Median (IQR)	46 (40-50)	17 (16-18)	< 0.001	46.00 (40.00-49.56)	17.00 (16.00-18.00)	< 0.001
Adverse events	5 (10.42)	0	0.073	10.78 (11.47)	0.00 (0.00)	0.024
Cost of operation
Median (IQR), dollars	1754.48 (1585.08-1843.45)	525.33 (507.59-657.71)	< 0.001	1751.72 (1557.30-1852.06)	515.57 (507.59-627.14)	< 0.001
Patient type	-	-	< 0.001	-	-	< 0.001
Outpatient	0 (0.00)	15 (32.61)	-	0.00 (0.00)	29.09 (30.86)	-
Inpatient	48 (100.00)	31 (67.39)	-	93.97 (100.00)	65.18 (69.14)	-
Follow-up time, months
Median (IQR)	48 (48-60)	54 (36-84)	0.394	48.60 (48.00-60.00)	52.00 (36.00-84.00)	0.398
Local recurrence	-	-	NA	-	-	NA
No recurrence	48 (100.00)	46 (100.00)	-	93.97 (100.00)	94.27 (100.00)	-
Recurrence	0 (0)	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	0 (0)	-

IPTW: Inverse probability of treatment weighting; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; IQR: Interquartile range; EBL: Endoscopic band ligation; NA: Not available.