Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography treatment of cholangitis stone in a patient with total situs inversus: A case report

Table 1 Reported cases of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with situs inversus viscerum biliary stones

Ref.	Patient’s position	Endoscopist’s position	Strategy	Successful within a single operation
Venu et al[12], 1985	Right lateral → prone	Right side of the table	Cannulation by repositioning the patient	Yes
Fiocca et al[13], 2008	Prone	Right side of the table	Rotate the endoscope 180° in the stomach and enter the duodenum	Yes
de la Serna-Higuera et al[4], 2010	Prone	Right side of the table	Rotate the endoscope 180° in the stomach and use a rotating sphincterotomy	Yes
García-Fernández et al[5], 2010	Right lateral	Right side of the table	All operations are performed in reverse to normal procedures	Yes
Patel et al[6], 2014	Prone	Right side of the table	The endoscope is rotated 180° within the duodenum	Yes
Hu et al[7], 2015	Supine → prone	Left side of the table	After the endoscope enters the duodenum, change the patient’s position to prone position	Yes
Lee et al[8], 2010	Prone	Right side of the table	First time: The endoscope is rotated 180° counter clock-wise in the stomach. After entering the duodenum, the endoscope is rotated counterclockwise 180° again to shorten	No
			The second time: The endoscope reaches the second part of the duodenum along the lesser curvature of the stomach, while slowly rotating the endoscope clockwise close to the ampulla and cannulation
Rocha et al[9], 2020	Supine	Left side of the table	The duodenal papilla is located in the 1 o’clock direction, and cannulation is performed in the one o’clock direction	Yes
Current study, 2024	Left lateral position → supine	Left side of the table	Bile duct cannulation using a dual guidewire strategy	Yes