Effectiveness of serological markers of gastric mucosal atrophy in the gastric precancer screening and in cancer prevention

Table 1 Correlation coefficients between degree of histological atrophy and level of pepsinogen-1

Biopsy	Focus of a biopsy according to the Kimura-Takemoto classification	Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient
C2	Border of atrophy on the lesser curvature in the lower third of the gastric corpus	-0.03 (P > 0.05)
C3	Border of atrophy on the lesser curvature in the middle third of the gastric corpus	-0.13 (P > 0.05)
O1	Boundary between the lesser curvature and the anterior wall of the gastric corpus	-0.26 (P < 0.05)
O2	Border of atrophy within the anterior wall of the gastric corpus	-0.44 (P < 0.001)
O3	Boundary between the posterior wall of the gastric corpus and large curvature	-0.46 (P < 0.001)

Table 2 Comparative characteristics of pepsinogen-1 and gastrin-17 markers of atrophic gastritis, n = 121

PG1 criteria	PG1 (0-9 μg/L): Severe	PG1 (9-15 μg/L): Moderate	PG1 (15-25 μg/L): Mild	PG1 (> 25 μg/L): False negative
Detected, n (%)	7 (5.8)	5 (4.1)	7 (5.8)	102 (84.3)
G17 criteria	G17 (0-4 pmol/L): Severe	G17 (4-7 pmol/L): Moderate	G17 (7-10 pmol/L): Mild	G17 (> 10 pmol/L): False negative
Detected, n (%)	88 (72.7)	15 (12.4)	10 (8.3)	8 (6.6)
Significance of differences	P < 0.001	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P < 0.001

G17: Gastrin-17; PG1: Pepsinogen-1.

Table 3 Structure of monofocal severe atrophic gastritis of the gastric corpus, n = 37

Monofocus of severe atrophy	С2	С3	О1	О2	С3
Number of patients	20	7	5	3	2
Percent	54	19	13.5	8.1	5.4

Table 4 Use of the gastrin-17 marker for the detection of monofocal severe corpus atrophic gastritis

Serological criterion G17	Patients, n	Sensitivity, %	False negative, %
0-4 pmol/L	23	62.2	37.8
0-10 pmol/L	37	100	0

G17: Gastrin-17.

Table 5 Morphological structure of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia

IM specification	Patients, n	Intestinal metaplasia quota, %
None	74	43.8	43.8
Mild	42	24.8	56.2
Moderate	35	20.7
Severe	18	10.7
Total	169	100	100
Dysplasia specification	Patients, n	Dysplasia quota, %
None	85	50.3	50.3
Mild	36	21.4	49.7
Moderate	42	24.8
Severe	6	3.5
Total	169	100	100

IM: Intestinal metaplasia.

Table 6 Dynamics of multifocal atrophic gastritis of the patient

Observa-tion time	Patient age	Histological atrophy (Sydney system)					Gastrin-17 pmol/L postprand
		Biopsy 1: Antrum	Biopsy 2: Antrum	Biopsy 3: Incisura angul	Biopsy 4: Corpus	Biopsy 5: Corpus
2017	63	Mild	Absent	Mild	Mild	Absent	7.2
2018	64	Mild	Absent	Mild	Mild	Absent	8.6
2019	65	Mild	Mild	Mild	Absent	Absent	7.4
2020	66	Mild	Absent	Absent	Absent	Mild	10.9
2021	67	Mild	Mild	Mild	Absent	Absent	17.5
2022	68	Mild	Mild	Mild	Mild	Absent	15.5
2023	69	-	-	-	-	-	14.6

Table 7 Dynamics of Helicobacter pylori status of the patient

Observation time	Patient age	Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG	C13 urease breath test	Histological test
2017	63	Positive	-	Positive
2018	64	Negative	Negative	Negative
2019	65	Negative	Negative	Negative
2020	66	Negative	Negative	Negative
2021	67	Negative	Negative	Negative
2022	68	Negative	Negative	Negative
2023	69	Negative	Negative	-

IgG: Immunoglobulin G.