Retrospective comparison of precutting endoscopic band ligation and endoscopic submucosal dissection for small gastric muscularis propria tumors

Figure 1 Flow chart of final patient admission. SMT-MP: Submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; EBL: Endoscopic band ligation.

Figure 2 Diagrams of precutting endoscopic band ligation for submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer. A: Small gastric submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer; B: A power of 30 watts was used for surgical resection, with precutting and peeling of the mucous membrane; C: The mucosa was denuded from the submucosal lesion, and a transparent ligator cap was attached to the endoscope; D: The exposed tumor was fully aspirated into the cap; E: The band was loosened, and the entire tumor was ligated; F: The tumor was left to fall off due to necrosis, a process that takes about 2-7 days.

Figure 3 Procedure for endoscopic submucosal dissection and precutting endoscopic band ligation. A: Preoperative endoscopic view of submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria (black arrow); B: Endoscopic ultrasonography view (orange arrow); C: The “clipping closure” procedure in endoscopic submucosal dissection; D: Specimen resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection; E: Five-year endoscopic follow-up after endoscopic submucosal dissection under standard endoscopy; F: Preoperative endoscopic view (black arrow); G: A hypoechoic submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria in the gastric fundus (orange arrow) detected by endoscopic ultrasonography; H: The exposed tumor was fully aspirated into the cap; I: The exposed tumor was ligated by band ligation; J: Endoscopic follow-up.