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World J Gastrointest Endosc. Mar 16, 2026; 18(3): 116958
Published online Mar 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v18.i3.116958
Published online Mar 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v18.i3.116958
Helicobacter pylori eradication is associated with systemic anti-inflammatory shift in duodenal ulcer patients compared to those with gastritis
Fabrício Freire de Melo, Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos, Rafael Augusto Oliveira Sodré Leal, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
Gifone Aguiar Rocha, Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz, Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Author contributions: de Melo FF, Lemos FFB, Rocha GA, and de Magalhães Queiroz DM contributed to the conceptualization of the manuscript; de Melo FF, Lemos FFB, and de Magalhães Queiroz DM designed the study methodology; de Melo FF, Lemos FFB, Leal RAOS, Rocha GA, and de Magalhães Queiroz DM were responsible for manuscript visualization, contributed to the investigation; Lemos FFB performed formal analysis; Lemos FFB and de Melo FF wrote the original draft; de Melo FF and de Magalhães Queiroz DM were responsible for manuscript editing, manuscript writing and review; de Magalhães Queiroz DM supervised the writing of the original draft.
Supported by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, CNPq, Brazil, No. 309110/2025-4.
Institutional review board statement: This research received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, No. ETIC 0578.0.203.000-10.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to inclusion.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items-and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Fabrício Freire de Melo, PhD, Assistant Professor, Instituto Mul
Received: November 25, 2025
Revised: January 7, 2026
Accepted: January 21, 2026
Published online: March 16, 2026
Processing time: 108 Days and 9.3 Hours
Revised: January 7, 2026
Accepted: January 21, 2026
Published online: March 16, 2026
Processing time: 108 Days and 9.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is consistently associated with chronic gastric inflammation and may also relate to sustained low-grade systemic inflammatory activity. In this study, distinct circulating cytokine patterns were observed in patients with gastritis (GA) and duodenal ulcer (DU) following bacterial eradication, with attenuation of pro-inflammatory mediators in GA and a regulatory-skewed cytokine profile in DU. These findings highlight a potential systemic immunological dimension of H. pylori-associated disease, with relevance for inflammation-related conditions beyond the gastric compartment.