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©The Author(s) 2026. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Jan 16, 2026; 18(1): 113133
Published online Jan 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v18.i1.113133
Published online Jan 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v18.i1.113133
Science of fecal microbiota transplant: From history to cutting-edge clinical practice
Praveen Kumar Uppala, Department of Pharmacology, Maharajah’s College of Pharmacy, Vizianagaram 535002, Andhra Pradesh, India
Sita K Karanam, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Maharajah’s College of Pharmacy, Vizianagaram 535002, Andhra Pradesh, India
Ramaiah Maddi, Department of Pharmacognosy, Maharajah’s College of Pharmacy, Viziana
Author contributions: Uppala PK contributed to concept, design, and final manuscript preparation; Karanam SK handled literature collection, data analysis, and manuscript revision; Maddi R was responsible for final review and manuscript supervision; and all authors thoroughly reviewed and endorsed the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Praveen Kumar Uppala, Assistant Professor, Researcher, Department of Pharmacology, Maharajah’s College of Pharmacy, Phool Baugh, Vizianagaram 535002, Andhra Pradesh, India. praveen.chintu32@gmail.com
Received: August 18, 2025
Revised: September 17, 2025
Accepted: December 3, 2025
Published online: January 16, 2026
Processing time: 152 Days and 18.9 Hours
Revised: September 17, 2025
Accepted: December 3, 2025
Published online: January 16, 2026
Processing time: 152 Days and 18.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has evolved from an ancient remedy into a scientifically validated, high-efficacy treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, with growing potential for managing other diseases linked to gut dysbiosis. This article explores FMT’s historical origins, mechanisms of action, clinical applications, safety concerns, and regulatory challenges. It emphasizes the need for standardized protocols, rigorous donor screening, and long-term monitoring to ensure safe and effective clinical integration. As microbiome science advances, FMT stands at the frontier of personalized, microbiota-based therapeutics.