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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Nov 16, 2025; 17(11): 110030
Published online Nov 16, 2025. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v17.i11.110030
Published online Nov 16, 2025. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v17.i11.110030
Effectiveness of endoscopy in patients with concomitant gastrointestinal bleeding and acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review
Ernesto Calderon-Martinez, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Science Medical Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77375, United States
Barbara Abreu Lopez, School of Medicine, University of Carabobo, Valencia 5053, Carabobo, Venezuela
Gabriela Flores Monar, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170150, Ecuador
Rishita Dave, School of Medicine, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basseterre KN0101, Saint Kitts and Nevis
Camila Teran Hooper, School of Medicine, Universidad Mayor de San Simon, Cochabamba 0000, Bolivia
Vanessa Pamela Salolin Vargas, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Westhill, Ciudad de Mexico 05610, Mexico
Yash R Shah, Department of Internal Medicine, Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State Univ
Raj Patel, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Mary’s Medical Center, Langhorne, PA 19124, United States
Dushyant Singh Dahiya, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Motility, The Univ
Manesh Kumar Gangwani, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
Rashmi Advani, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 11710, United States
Co-first authors: Ernesto Calderon-Martinez and Vanessa Pamela Salolin Vargas.
Author contributions: Calderon-Martinez E and Salolin Vargas VP contributed equally to this manuscript and are co-first authors. Calderon-Martinez E, Lopez BA, Monar GF, Dave R, Hooper CT, Salolin Vargas VP, and Shah YR were actively involved in the conception and design of the work, data collection, data analysis, and interpretation of results. They also contributed significantly to drafting the manuscript and refining its content through multiple revisions. Patel R, Dahiya DS, Gangwani MK, and Advani R performed a comprehensive critical review of the manuscript, providing insightful feedback and contributing to the refinement of the intellectual content. Their involvement was essential in ensuring the scientific accuracy, clarity, and overall quality of the final version.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ernesto Calderon-Martinez, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Science Medical Center at Houston, 6400 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77375, United States. ernestocalderon.mtz@gmail.com
Received: May 29, 2025
Revised: July 6, 2025
Accepted: October 23, 2025
Published online: November 16, 2025
Processing time: 170 Days and 16.2 Hours
Revised: July 6, 2025
Accepted: October 23, 2025
Published online: November 16, 2025
Processing time: 170 Days and 16.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: In patients with acute coronary syndrome and gastrointestinal bleeding, gastrointestinal endoscopy reduces in-hospital mortality, enhances hemostasis, and lowers 3-day rebleeding rates. Its effects on hospital length of stay and blood transfusion requirements are variable, although early gastrointestinal endoscopy may decrease overall costs through reduced transfusions. Existing data are mainly observational and heterogeneous, with potential dataset overlap. Rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to determine optimal timing, patient selection, and integrated cardiology–gastroenterology management strategies for this high-risk population.