Silva JC, Pinho R, Rodrigues A, Ponte A, Rodrigues JP, Sousa M, Gomes C, Carvalho J. Yield of capsule endoscopy in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: A comparative study between premenopausal and menopausal women. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 10(10): 301-307 [PMID: 30364830 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v10.i10.301]
Corresponding Author of This Article
João Carlos Silva, MD, Doctor, Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Rua Conceição Fernandes, Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto 4434-502, Portugal. joaocarosilva@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Oct 16, 2018; 10(10): 301-307 Published online Oct 16, 2018. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v10.i10.301
Yield of capsule endoscopy in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: A comparative study between premenopausal and menopausal women
João Carlos Silva, Rolando Pinho, Adélia Rodrigues, Ana Ponte, Jaime Pereira Rodrigues, Mafalda Sousa, Catarina Gomes, João Carvalho
João Carlos Silva, Rolando Pinho, Adélia Rodrigues, Ana Ponte, Jaime Pereira Rodrigues, Mafalda Sousa, Catarina Gomes, João Carvalho, Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Porto 4434-502, Portugal
Author contributions: Silva JC and Pinho R designed the study, performed the research, analyzed the data and wrote the paper; Rodrigues A, Ponte A, Rodrigues JP, Sousa M, Gomes C and Carvalho J performed the research and analyzed the data.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the review board of Centro Hospital de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho.
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: João Carlos Silva, MD, Doctor, Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Rua Conceição Fernandes, Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto 4434-502, Portugal. joaocarosilva@gmail.com
Telephone: +351-22-7865100 Fax: +351-22-7868369
Received: April 30, 2018 Peer-review started: April 30, 2018 First decision: June 6, 2018 Revised: July 6, 2018 Accepted: August 1, 2018 Article in press: August 1, 2018 Published online: October 16, 2018 Processing time: 83 Days and 3.5 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background
Findings of capsule endoscopy (CE) for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) investigation performed in females may vary substantially according to menopause status. In this paper we estimated and compared diagnostic yield (DY) of CE as well as its therapeutic yield (TY) and clinical outcomes in premenopausal women (PMW) and menopausal women (MW).
Research motivation
Negative CE may lead to increased health costs and delayed diagnosis when performed in patients who were not fully investigated, as OGIB is an exclusion diagnosis.
Research objectives
To compare the DY of CE for OGIB study and correlated this outcome with menopause presence.
Research methods
The DY, TY, rebleeding rate, hospitalization and mortality were calculated and compared according to menopausal status.
Research results
Postmenopausal age was associated with higher DY, need for endoscopic treatment, rebleeding, and hospitalization.
Research conclusions
PMW with suspected OGIB is less likely to have significant findings in CE. This suggests that fertile age women should be carefully studied, preferably by a multidisciplinary approach, before CE.
Research perspectives
Our study has a retrospective design with a small number of patients, so a prospective comparative assessment of CE findings between PMW and MW with a larger population is warranted. In addition routine evaluation by a Gynecologist may reduce the negative CE burden.
