Parikh KS, Kaw P, Kumar A. Laparoendoscopic surgery in gastrointestinal diseases: Status and future perspectives. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2025; 17(8): 107617 [DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v17.i8.107617]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Ashok Kumar, FACS, FASCRS, FRCS, FRCS (Ed), Full Professor, Professor, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India. doc.ashokgupta@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Surgery
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Aug 16, 2025; 17(8): 107617 Published online Aug 16, 2025. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v17.i8.107617
Laparoendoscopic surgery in gastrointestinal diseases: Status and future perspectives
Kush Satyen Parikh, Payal Kaw, Ashok Kumar
Kush Satyen Parikh, Payal Kaw, Ashok Kumar, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
Co-first authors: Kush Satyen Parikh and Payal Kaw.
Author contributions: Parikh KS wrote the manuscript; Kaw P helped by searching the literature and provided typing assistance; Kumar A designed the concept, revised and edited the manuscript; All of the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript to be published.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ashok Kumar, FACS, FASCRS, FRCS, FRCS (Ed), Full Professor, Professor, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India. doc.ashokgupta@gmail.com
Received: March 27, 2025 Revised: May 6, 2025 Accepted: June 26, 2025 Published online: August 16, 2025 Processing time: 141 Days and 15 Hours
Abstract
Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) is a hybrid minimally invasive technique originally developed for treatment of gastric submucosal tumors. Several modifications of LECS—including inverted LECS, non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery, and closed LECS have evolved over a period of time to address the earlier concerns about peritoneal contamination and tumor seeding. These innovations have led to the application of combined laparoendoscopic techniques to several gastrointestinal (GI) lesions such as the duodenum, colon, and rectum. This minireview explores the evolution, current applications, and future potential of laparoendoscopic surgery in GI diseases.
Core Tip: Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) is a hybrid procedure combining both the laparoscope and endoscope, classically described for gastric submucosal tumor excision. With the advancing tools and technology, its application has been extended beyond the stomach to the small intestine and the colorectum. In the era of minimally invasive surgeries, LECS is fast advancing and is the need of the hour. Every surgeon and endoscopist must be aware of these newer options and bench on its future application in gastrointestinal surgeries.
