Morphological alterations and redox changes associated with hepatic warm ischemia-reperfusion injury

Table 1 Patient demographics

Patient (gender/age)	Diagnosis	Resection performed	Preoperative chemotherapy	Peak AST, μkat/L	Peak ALT, μkat/L	Day of enzyme peak (AST, ALT), (d)	Peak bilirubin, μmol/L, (d)	Fibrosis (stage)	Inflam-mation	Steatosis
P1 (M/75)	mCRC	Atypical resection	Yes	4.39	2.23	1	24 (1)	1	0	1
P2 (F/71)	mCRC	Multiple resections	Yes	23.05	21.93	2	53 (1)	1	0	2
P3 (M/39)	Inflammatory pseudotumor	Extended right hepatectomy	No	4.19	4.81	1	41 (1)	-	-	1
P4 (M/75)	Malignant melanoma metastasis	Multiple atypical resections	Yes	2.32	1.90	1	12 (2)	1	0	1
P5 (M/63)	mCRC	Bisegmentectomy	Yes	6.25	7.03	2	16 (1)	1	0	1
P6 (F/78)	Carcinoid metastasis	Left hepatectomy	No	3.73	2.89	1	20 (1)	1	0	1
P7 (F/61)	mCRC	Right hepatectomy	Yes	7.14	6.11	1	14 (1)	1	0	0
P8 (M/55)	Malignant melanoma metastasis	Right hepatectomy	No	7.90	8.84	2	48 (2)	0	0	2
P9 (M/68)	mCRC	Right hepatectomy + atypical resection	Yes	3.85	1.91	1	82 (8)	3-4	2	1
P10 (M/37)	mCRC	Right hepatectomy	Yes	6.71	3.96	2	33 (2)	1	0	0
P11 (M/58)	mCRC	Right hepatectomy + atypical resection	Yes	11.16	9.28	1	53 (2)	1	0	3

Steatosis was defined as 1: Mild (< 33%); 2: Moderate (33%-66%); 3: Severe (> 66%). Fibrosis was defined as Stage 1: Portal fibrosis; Stage 2: Periportal fibrosis; Stage 3: Septal fibrosis; and Stage 4: Cirrhosis. mCRC: Metastatic colorectal cancer.

Table 2 Quantitative summary of ultrastructural changes studied by endothelial morphology, (n) patients out of total (11) patients

	Baseline	Post-ischemia	Post-reperfusion
Disruption of endothelium	2/11	10/11	2/11
Endothelial activation	4/11	3/11	9/11
Mitochondrial inclusions in hepatocytes	1/11	6/11	7/11
Lipids, lipofucsin	10/11	10/11	10/11

Table 3 Gene expression of redox proteins changes in mRNA expression compared to baseline, calculated using the 2^-ΔΔCT method

	TNX1	TNX2	TNXR1	TNXR2	GLRX1	GLRX2	GLRX3	GLRX5	NFE2L2	SLC7A11
Ischemia	1.09 ± 0.18	1.14 ± 0.30	1.02 ± 0.28	1.05 ± 0.23	1.19 ± 0.41	1.24 ± 0.46	1.03 ± 0.16	1.20 ± 0.27	0.83 ± 0.15	1.27 ± 1.24
Reperfusion	1.12 ± 0.25	1.31 ± 0.57	0.97 ± 0.33	1.39 ± 0.79	1.12 ± 0.67	1.16 ± 0.43	1.16 ± 0.26	1.18 ± 0.63	1.00 ± 0.44	1.22 ± 0.78

Table 4 Levels of TRX1, evaluated by immunogold staining, total number of gold particles present in five hepatocytes

Patient	Baseline	Post-ischemia	Post-reperfusion
P1	794	357	414
P2	310	202	323
P3	1217	235	219
P4	373	176	298
P5	324	231	232
P6	269	273	443
P7	575	569	252
P8	294	221	699
P9	535	863	417
P10	590	755	272