Pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Treatment outcomes of variable regimens

Study	Treatment group	Control group	No.	Study design	Duration (mo)	Histology	Liver enzymes	US
Life style modification
Huang et al[66]	Diet	-	12	Open label	12	Improved	-	-
Ueno et al[65]	Diet/Exercise	Control	15	Open label	3	Improved	Improved	-
Pioglitazone (insulin sensitizer)
Promrat et al[71]	Pioglitazone	-	18	Open label	12	Improved	Improved	-
Belfort et al[72]	Pioglitazone and Diet	Placebo	55	RCT	6	Improved	Improved	-
Aithal et al[73]	Pioglitazone and diet/Exercise	Placebo	74	RCT	12	Improved	Improved	-
Sanyal et al[74]	Pioglitazone	Placebo	163	RCT	24	Improved	Improved	-
Metformin (insulin sensitizer)
Garinis et al[100]	Metformin and Diet	Diet	50	RCT	6	-	-	Improved
Haukeland et al[103]	Metformin	Placebo	48	RCT	6	-	-	-
Uygun et al[101]	Metformin and Diet	Control	50	Open label	6	-	-	Improved
Bugianes et al[99]	Metformin	Diet	53	RCT	12	Improved	Improved	-
Bugianes et al[99]	Metformin	Vitamin E	57	RCT	12	-	Improved	-
Vitamin E (antioxidant)
Bugianesi et al[99]	Vitemin E	Diet	55	RCT	12	-	-	-
Sanyal et al[74]	Vitamin E	Placebo	167	RCT	24	Improved	Improved
Vajro et al[109]	Vitamin E	Diet	25	RCT	6	-	-	-
Other drugs
Sanjay et al[112]	Pentoxifylline	-	18	Open label	6	-	Improved	-
Yoneda et al[127]	Ezetimibe	-	10	Open label	6	Improved	Improved
Vasilios et al[118]	Statin	Control	437	Open label	36	-	Improved	-
Lindor et al[130]	UDCA	Placebo	166	RCT	48	-	-	-
Capani et al[138]	PUFA	Control	42	RCT	12	-	Improved	Improved

No.: Number; US: Ultrasonography; RCT: Randomized controlled trial.