Pure laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with chronic liver disease

Table 1 Recently reported laparoscopic hepatectomy and open hepatectomy comparative studies - general information.

Ref.	No. of cases		Sex (male:female)		Age (yr, mean ± SD)		Background liver % of LC		Tumor size (cm, mean ± SD)		Type of resection nonanatomical:LLS:Anatomical
	LH	OH	LH	OH	LH	OH	LH	OH	LH	OH	LH	OH
Laurent et al[32]	13	14	10:3	10:4	62.6 ± 9.5	65.9 ± 5.5	NA	NA	3.35 ± 0.89	3.43 ± 1.05	0:3:10	0:4:10
Belli et al[33]	23	23	10:13	14:9	59.5 ± 6.84	62.4 ± 7.7	100.00	100.0	3.10 ± 0.70	3.24 ± 0.70	0:5:18	0:6:17
Lai et al[34]	25	33	18:7	21:12	59 (35-79)1	59.0 (38-77)1	92.00	93.9	2.50 (1-7)1	2.60 (1-8)1	0:6:19	0:2:31
Aldrighetti et al[35]	16	16	11:5	12:4	65 ± 10	71.0 ± 6.00	56.30	56.3	4.00 ± 2.20	4.60 ± 2.50	0:5:11	0:5:11
Tranchart et al[36]	42	42	15:27	14:28	63.7 ± 13.10	65.7 ± 7.10	73.80	80.9	3.58 ± 1.75	3.68 ± 2.09	0:9:33	0:7:35
Kim et al[37]	26	29	18:8	20:9	57.84 ± 9.66	57.08 ± 9.78	NA	NA	3.15 (1-8)1	3.60 (1-19)1	0:4:22	0:3:26
Lee et al[38]	33	50	24:9	40:10	59 (36-85)1	58.50 (32-81)1	84.80	64.0	2.50 (1.5-9.0)1	2.90 (1.2-9.0)1	15:18:0	40:10:0
Truant et al[39]	36	53	31:5	47:6	60.6 ± 10.20	63.30 ± 7.60	NA	NA	2.90 ± 1.20	3.1 ± 1.20	0:22:14	0:26:27

¹Expressed as median (range). LLS: Left lateral sectionectomy; LC: Liver cirrhosis; NA: Not available; LH: Laparoscopic hepatectomy; OH: Open hepatectomy.

Table 2 Recently reported laparoscopic hepatectomy and open hepatectomy comparative studies - operative outcomes

Ref.	Ascites		Liver failure		Hospital stay (d, mean ± SD)		Mortality
	LH	OH	LH	OH	LH	OH	LH	OH
Laurent et al[32]	1/13	5/14	1/13	5/14	15.3 ± 8.6	17.3 ± 18.9	0/13	2/14
Belli et al[33]	3/23	8/23	NA	NA	8.2 ± 2.6	12.04 ± 3.93	1/23	0/23
Lai et al[34]	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	0/25	1/33
Aldrighetti et al[35]	0/16	1/16	NA	NA	6.3 ± 1.7	9.0 ± 3.8	0/16	0/16
Tranchart et al[36]	3/42	11/42	0/36	4/53	6.7 ± 5.9	9.6 ± 3.4	1/42	1/42
Kim et al[37]	0/26	1/29	NA	NA	11.08 ± 4.96	16.07 ± 10.697	0/26	0/29
Lee et al[38]	0/33	2/50	NA	NA	NA	NA	0/33	0/50
Truant et al[39]	5/36	12/53	NA	NA	6.5 ± 2.7	9.50 ± 4.8	0/36	4/53

LH: Laparoscopic hepatectomy; OH: Open hepatectomy; NA: Not available.

Table 3 Perioperative course after pure laparoscopic hepatectomy

	Cases with severe cirrhosis (n = 7) (ICG R15:≥40%, Child-Pugh B/C)	Cases with mild-moderate cirrhosis (n = 30)1 [ICG R15: 8.7%-31.1% (median 13.2%), Child-Pugh A]
Operating time (min)	140-341 (232)	130-710 (302)
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	NC-2750 (100)	NC-2400 (100)
Day of initiation of oral intake in POD	1/3 (2)	1-3 (2)
Drain discharge (as total of 0-3 POD, mL)	279-1990 (919)	60-3350 (416)
Postoperative hospital stay (d)	11/21 (17)	8-254 (18)
Morbidity	14.3% (Choleocystitis)	13.3% (Ileus, refractory ascites, bile leakage)
Mortality	0%	0%

¹Excluded patients with combined surgery. NC: Not countable; POD: Post-operative day; ICG R15: Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min.