Muhammad A, Dhamija M, Vidyarthi G, Amodeo D, Boyd W, Miladinovic B, Kumar A. Comparative effectiveness of traditional chemoembolization with or without sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2013; 5(7): 364-371 [PMID: 23898369 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v5.i7.364]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Adnan Muhammad, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33620, United States. adnan_muhd@hotmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Brief Article
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Table 3 Comparison of demographic and disease characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in both treatment groups
Characteristic
TACE + sorafenib(n = 13)
TACE alone(n = 30)
P value
Age (yr)
61.4 ± 7.5
59.2 ± 7.4
0.39
Etiology
0.18
Alcohol
2 (15.4)
1 (3.4)
Hepatitis C
6 (46.1)
17 (56.6)
Hepatitis C and alcohol
3 (23.1)
11 (36.6)
Non-alcohol/non-hepatitis C
2 (15.4)
1 (3.4)
HCC histology
0.86
Poorly differentiated
1 (7.6)
3 (10.0)
Moderately differentiated
7 (53.8)
13 (43.3)
Well differentiated
5 (38.6)
14 (46.7)
CTP classification
0.69
A
11
23
B
2
7
BCLC staging for HCC
0.004
A
6
22
B
2
8
C
5
0
BCLC staging for HCC (excluding stage C)
0.98
A
6
22
B
2
8
MELD score
8.8 ± 2.3
9.8 ± 2.9
0.29
AFP (ng/mL)
6.6 (2.3-745)
8.1 (1.9-6000)
0.96
Tumor size seen on CT with the largest diameter (cm)
4 (1.5 -16.7)
3.1 (1.4 -5.8)
0.58
Table 4 Statistical analysis for each covariate in univariate cox regression model predicting overall survival
Characteristic
HR (95%CI)
P value
Age (yr)
0.99 (0.95-1.04)
0.79
Etiology
1.04 (0.66-1.63)
0.86
Alcohol
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C and alcohol
Non-alcohol/non-hepatitis C
HCC histology
0.73 (0.43-1.25)
0.26
Poorly differentiated
Moderately differentiated
Well differentiated
CTP classification
3.84 (1.74-8.51)
0.001
A
B
BCLC staging for HCC
1.58 (1.02-2.46)
0.04
A
B
C
BCLC staging for HCC (excluding stage C)
1.5 (0.66-3.43)
0.34
A
B
MELD score
1.1 (0.98-1.23)
0.08
AFP (ng/mL)
0.99 (0.82-1.20)
0.98
Tumor size seen on CT with the largest diameter (cm)
1.06 (0.93-1.20)
0.41
Table 5 Adverse events attributed to both treatment arms
Adverse events (CTCAE grades 1-3)
TACE alone
TACE + sorafenib
P value
Hand foot skin reaction
0
2
0.554
Diarrhea
0
1
Hypertension (mild)
0
1
Abdominal pain (mild)
6
1
Nausea, vomiting
3
0
Elevated liver enzymes (< 2 times of normal limits)
1
2
Citation: Muhammad A, Dhamija M, Vidyarthi G, Amodeo D, Boyd W, Miladinovic B, Kumar A. Comparative effectiveness of traditional chemoembolization with or without sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2013; 5(7): 364-371