Noninvasive predictors for liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Table 1 General aspects of all non-alcoholic steatohepatitis cases n (%)

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (n = 70)
Average age (yr)	47.9 ± 8.74
Gender (male/female)	36/34
Hepatomegaly	16 (23.9)
BMI (kg/m2)	30.4 ± 4.79
Normal weight (BMI < 24.9 kg/m2)	3 (4.30)
Overweight (BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m2)	34 (48.5)
Obese (BMI = 30-39.9 kg/m2)	29 (41.4)
Morbid obese (BMI > 40 kg/m2)	4 (5.80)
Waist/hip cir (E > 0.90, K > 0.85)	49 (71)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	124 ± 16.2
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	75.6 ± 11.9
Hypertension	21 (30.4)
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	46.3 ± 8.07
Low-HDL-cholesterol	28 (40.5)
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	163 ± 79.5
Hypertriglyceridemia	36 (52.1)
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	107 ± 26.2
Diabetes mellitus	20 (28.8)
Fasting insulin (μU/mL)	16.6 ± 13.0
Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance value	3.91 ± 2.45
Fasting c-peptid	4.35 ± 2.15
aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)	48.2 ± 23.9
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)	76.2 ± 35.2
Gama glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L)	59.2 ± 46.8
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)	93.4 ± 32.3
İnsulin resistance	30 (43.4)
Metabolic syndrome	46 (66.6)

This table shows that numbers of non obese patients are much higher than obese patients and 33.4% of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients have no metabolic syndrome. BMI: Body mass index; HDL: High-density lipoprotein.

Table 2 Predictors of liver fibrosis and liver histology (steatosis and necroinflammation) in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

	Steatosis (n = 70)			Necroinflammation (Grade) (n = 70)
	Mild (%)	Moderate (%)	Severe (%)	Mild (%)	Moderate (%)	Severe (%)
Gender
Male	38.9	38.9	22.1	36.1	55.5	8.3
Female	41.2	35.3	23.5	20.6	64.7	14.7
Age (yr)
> 45	35.4	37.5	27.0	25.0	62.5	12.5
< 45	45.4	36.3	18.1	36.3	59.0	4.5
Body mass index (kg/m2)
18.5-24.9	0	66.6	34.4	33.3	33.4	33.3
25.0-29.9	34.2	42.9	22.9	31.4	60.0	8.6
30.0-39.9	50.0	21.5	28.5	32.1	53.6	14.3
> 40	25.0	75.0	0	50.0	50.0	0
Central obesity
+	40.0	38.0	22.0	28.5	61.2	10.2
-	35.0	35.0	30.0	28.5	57.1	14.2
AST/ALT > 1	40.0	20.0	40.0	20.0	40.0	40.0
AST/ALT < 1	37.5	39.0	23.4	29.6	60.9	9.3
GGT/ALT > 1	36.3	27.2	36.3	31.8	50.0	18.1
GGT/ALT < 1	38.2	42.5	19.1	25.5	65.9	8.6
Platelet count
Low	33.4	0	66.6	33.4	33.3	33.4
Normal	39.3	37.8	22.7	36.3	53.0	10.6
Ferritin
Elevated	0	33.4	66.6	0	33.4	66.6
Normal	39.3	37.8	22.7	28.7	62.1	10.6
Fasting insulin
Elevated	14.4	28.5	57.1	14.4	71.4	14.4
Normal	42.0	35.5	22.5	30.6	62.0	11.2
Fasting c-peptid
Elevated	31.2	37.5	31.2	15.6	71.8	12.5
Normal	45.9	35.1	18.9	37.8	51.3	10.8
Hypertension
Present	38.1	33.4	28.5	19.0	62.0	19.0
Absent	38.7	38.7	22.4	32.6	59.2	8.2
Diabetes
Present	38.1	33.4	28.5	23.8	57.1	14.2
Absent	36.7	38.7	24.4	28.5	61.2	10.2
Hypertriglyceridemia
Present	36.2	38.8	25.0	19.4	66.6	13.8
Absent	41.0	35.2	23.5	38.2	52.9	8.8
Insulin resistance
Present	37.9	34.4	27.5	24.1	65.5	10.3
Absent	40.0	40.0	20.0	50.0	40.0	10.0

AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; GGT: γ-glutamyltransferase.

Table 3 Predictors of liver fibrosis and histological stage in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis cases (n = 70)

	Absent	Fibrosis (%)		Bridging	Cirrhosis (%)
		Perisinusoidal/pericellular	Periportal
Gender
Male	50.0	22.2	16.6	8.3	2.7
Female	38.2	47.0	5.9	8.9	-
Age (yr)
> 45	45.8	39.7	6.25	6.25	2.1
< 45	41.0	22.7	22.7	13.6	-
Body mass index (kg/m2)					-
18.5-24.9	33.3	0	33.3	33.3
25.0-29.9	44.4	41.6	8.3	5.5	-
30.0-39.9	50.0	21.4	14.2	10.7	3.5
> 40	25.0	75.0	0	0	-
Central obesity
Present	38.0	36.0	16.0	8.0	2.0
Absent	60.0	30.0	0	10.0	-
AST/ALT > 1	20.0	20.0	20.0	40.0	-
AST/ALT < 1	53.1	29.6	10.9	4.6	1.5
GGT/ALT > 1	52.1	26.0	13.0	8.63	-
GGT/ALT < 1	54.3	30.4	8.6	6.5	2.1
Platelet count
Low	66.6	33.4	0	0	0
Normal	44.0	35.0	10.5	9.0	1.5
Ferritin
Elevated	33.4	0	66.6	0	0
Normal	44.0	36.5	9.0	9.0	1.5
Fasting insulin
Elevated	28.5	14.5	28.5	28.5	-
Normal	43.6	37.1	9.7	8.0	1.6
Fasting c-peptid
Elevated	59.0	27.2	6.8	6.8	-
Normal	44.0	32.0	16.0	8.0	2.3
Hypertension
Present	28.5	52.3	9.5	9.5	-
Absent	53.0	26.5	12.2	6.1	2.0
Diabetes
Present	19.0	47.6	14.2	14.2	4.7
Absent	55.1	28.5	10.2	6.1	-
Hypertriglyceridemia
Present	38.8	33.4	16.6	8.3	-
Absent	47.0	38.2	5.8	5.8	3.0
Insulin resistance
Present	37.0	40.7	18.5	3.7	3.7
Absent	77.2	13.6	-	9.2	-

AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; GGT: γ-glutamyltransferase.