Predictors of survival in autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes

doi:10.4254/wjh.v16.i9.1269

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Hepatol. Sep 27, 2024; 16(9): 1269-1277
Published online Sep 27, 2024. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i9.1269

Table 1 Patient characteristics at baseline and comparison of baseline characteristics between autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis overlap and autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap subgroups, n (%)

Characteristics	AILDOS (n = 22) (all patients)	AIH-PBC (n = 14)	AIH-PSC (n = 8)	P value
Age, median (range) years	46.7 (17.8-82.1)	55.8 (26.9-82.1)	23.3 (17.8-62.0)	0.008^b
Male	8 (36.4)	5 (35.7)	3 (37.5)	0.935
Hepascore, median (range)	1 (0.07-1)	1 (0.07-1)	0.91 (0.12-1)	0.628
LOS, median (range)	5.75 (1.46-13.7)	5.98 (2.41-13.65)	4.18 (1.46-6.49)	0.143
MELD, median (range)	8 (6-12)	8.5 (6-12)	6 (6-11)	0.427
MELD-Na, median (range)	10 (6-14)	9.5 (6-14)	10 (6-13)	0.966
Mayo Score, median (range)	0.76 (-1.28-2.92)	0.79 (-0.50-2.92)	0.1 (-1.28-1.9)	0.256
Variceal bleeding history	2 (9.1)	1 (7.1)	1 (12.5)	1.000
WCC, median (range)	5.20 (2.43-7.94)	5.4 (4.4-7.94)	3.2 (2.43-6.8)	0.052
Hb low	5 (25)	2 (15.4)	3 (42.9)	0.290
Platelet, median (range)	(35-514)	173 (69-514)	153 (35-388)	0.843
INR, median (range)	1 (0.9-1.3)	1.05 (0.9-1.2)	1 (0.9-1.3)	0.794
Bilirubin, median (range)	17 (3-62)	17.8 (7-62)	13 (3-56)	0.561
ALT, median (range)	67.5 (14-677)	72 (14-677)	55 (24-137)	0.250
ALP, median (range)	146 (20-1200)	156 (20-1200)	136 (67-546)	0.968
AST, median (range)	74 (24-303)	76 (24-303)	55 (38-102)	0.533
ALP/AST ratio, median (range)	2.03 (0.625-7.64)	2.05 (0.625-7.64)	1.78 (1.40-2.21)	0.610
GGT, median (range)	165 (13-1838)	177 (12-1838)	73.5 (24-637)	0.275
Albumin, median (range)	39 (31-43)	39 (32-42)	40 (31-43)	0.810
Ferritin, median (range)	85 (7-913)	176 (45-913)	32.5 (7-79)	0.027^a
Transferrin, median (range)	31.5 (23-42)	31.5 (23-42)	36 (30-41)	0.443
AMA	6 (35.3)	6 (54.5)	0 (0)	0.043^a
AMA-M2	7 (100)	7 (100)	0 (0)	1.000
SMA	10 (52.6)	5 (41.7)	5 (71.4)	0.350
SMA-VGT	3 (15.8)	3 (25)	1 (14.3)	1.000
LKM-1	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000
pANCA	4 (21.1)	2 (18.2)	2 (25)	1.000

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

LOS: Liver outcome score; AILDOS: All autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes; AIH-PBC: Autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis overlap; AIH-PSC: Autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; MELD-Na: Model for end-stage liver disease incorporated with serum sodium score; WCC: White cell count; Hb: Hemoglobin; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; AMA: Antimitochondrial antibody; SMA: Smooth muscle antibody; SMA-VGT: Smooth muscle antibody vascular glomerular tubular pattern; LKM-1: Liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody; pANCA: Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody.

Table 2 Univariate Cox regression analysis for predictors of liver-related mortality in patients with all autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes, autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis overlap and autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap subgroups

	AILDOS (all patients)		AIH-PBC		AIH-PSC
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
LOS	1.37 (1.03, 1.82)	0.030	1.56 (1.02, 2.38)	0.040		NS
Hb low	5.20 (1.16, 23.44)	0.032	10.82 (0.97, 120.93)	0.053		NS
Hepascore	240.5 (0.42, 136411)	0.090		NS		NS
Mayo score	2.25 (0.94, 5.39)	0.068		NS		NS

Table 3 Multivariate Cox regression analysis for predictors of liver-related mortality in patients with all autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes, autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis overlap and autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap subgroups

	AILDOS (all patients)		AIH-PBC		AIH-PSC
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
LOS	1.47 (0.96, 2.24)	0.077	1.56 (1.02, 2.38)	0.040^a		NS
Hb low	4.45 (0.95, 20.80)	0.041^a		NS		NS

^aP < 0.05.

Citation: Jayabalan D, Huang Y, Calzadilla-Bertot L, Janjua M, de Boer B, Joseph J, Cheng W, Hazeldine S, Smith BW, MacQuillan GC, Wallace MC, Garas G, Adams LA, Jeffrey GP. Predictors of survival in autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes. World J Hepatol 2024; 16(9): 1269-1277
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v16/i9/1269.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v16.i9.1269