Mapping the global research landscape on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance: A visualization and bibliometric study

Table 1 Top 10 countries leading in research on insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Publications spanning 1999 to 2022

Ranking1	Country	Number of documents	%
1st	China	134	18.74
2nd	United States	122	17.06
3rd	Italy	97	13.57
4th	Japan	41	5.73
4th	South Korea	41	5.73
6th	Iran	35	4.90
7th	Spain	32	4.48
8th	Turkey	32	4.48
9th	Germany	23	3.22
10th	United Kingdom	23	3.22

¹Gap is left in the next ranking number when specific countries are given the same number.

Table 2 Top 10 most productive institutions in research related to insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease from 1999 to 2022

Ranking1	Institute	Country	No. of documents	%
1st	Università degli Studi di Torino	Italy	29	4.06
2nd	Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche	Italy	19	2.66
3rd	Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna	Italy	16	2.24
4th	Sapienza Università di Roma	Italy	13	1.82
5th	IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù	Italy	12	1.68
6th	Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del CNR	Italy	11	1.54
6th	SKKU School of Medicine	South Korea	11	1.54
6th	Yale School of Medicine	United States	11	1.54
9th	Università degli Studi di Milano	Italy	10	1.40
10th	University of Florida	United States	9	1.26

¹Gap is left in the next ranking number when specific institutes are given the same number.

Table 3 Top 10 most productive funding agencies for research on insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease from 1999 to 2022

Ranking1	Funding agency	Country	No. of documents	%
1st	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases	United States	48	6.71
2nd	National Natural Science Foundation of China	China	37	5.17
3rd	National Institutes of Health	United States	31	4.34
4th	National Center for Research Resources	United States	18	2.52
5th	Japan Society for the Promotion of Science	Japan	17	2.38
6th	National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences	United States	13	1.82
7th	Seventh Framework Programme	European Union’s	10	1.40
8th	Horizon 2020 Framework Programme	European Union’s	9	1.26
9th	Instituto de Salud Carlos III	Spain	8	1.12
9th	National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute	United States	8	1.12
9th	United States Department of Veterans Affairs	United States	8	1.12

¹Gap is left in the next ranking number when specific funding agencies are given the same number.

Table 4 Top 10 journals with the largest volume of research on insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 1999-2022

Ranking1	Journal/source title	No. of documents	%	IF2
1st	Hepatology	27	3.78	14.0
2nd	Journal of Hepatology	17	2.38	25.7
3rd	Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism	13	1.82	5.8
3rd	Nutrients	13	1.82	5.9
5th	Scientific Reports	11	1.54	4.6
6th	Liver International	10	1.40	6.7
6th	Chinese Journal of Hepatology	10	1.40	NA
8th	American Journal of Gastroenterology	9	1.26	10.2
8th	Plos One	9	1.26	3.7
8th	World Chinese Journal of Digestology	9	1.26	NA
8th	World Journal of Gastroenterology	9	1.26	4.3

¹Gap is left in the next ranking number when specific journals are given the same number.

²Impact factor based on Clarivate Analytics Journal Citation Reports 2022.

IF: Impact factor.

Table 5 The 10 most cited articles on insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease from 1999 to 2022

Ref.	Title	Year	Source title	Cited by	Impact index per article1
Sanyal et al[76], 2001	Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities	2001	Gastroenterology	1826	62.4
Marchesini et al[77], 1999	Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistance	1999	American Journal of Medicine	1331	42.0
Jung and Choi[78], 2014	Obesity and its metabolic complications: The role of adipokines and the relationship between obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	2014	International Journal of Molecular Sciences	1265	116.0
Samuel et al[10], 2004	Mechanism of hepatic insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	2004	Journal of Biological Chemistry	1062	47.1
Pagano et al[79], 2002	Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome: Further evidence for an etiologic association	2002	Hepatology	659	23.9
Utzschneider and Kahn[11], 2006	Review: The role of insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	2006	Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism	657	32.6
Musso et al[80], 2003	Dietary habits and their relations to insulin resistance and postprandial lipemia in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	2003	Hepatology	627	24.2
Gaggini et al[81], 2013	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its connection with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease	2013	Nutrients	594	49.7
Bugianesi et al[82], 2005	Insulin resistance in non-diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Sites and mechanisms	2005	Diabetologia	583	26.2
Birkenfeld and Shulman[83], 2014	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic insulin resistance, and type 2 Diabetes	2014	Hepatology	545	49.8

¹The impact index per article is presented based on reference citation analysis [Source: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc (Pleasanton, CA 94566, United States)].