Decrease in liver cancer incidence rates in Bamako, Mali over 28 years of population-based cancer registration (1987-2015)

Table 1 Characteristics of the cancer cases overall and according to the three periods of cancer diagnosis from the cancer registry of Bamako, Mali

Characteristics	Period
	Overall	1987-1996	1997-2006	2007-2015
All cancer cases, n (%)	19553	3838	4681	11034
Males	8603 (44.0)	1942 (50.6)	2137 (45.6)	4524 (41.0)
Females	10950 (56.0)	1896 (49.4)	2544 (54.4)	6510 (59.0)
Age in year, median	49	48	49	50
Method for diagnostic of liver cancer, n (%)
Biopsy/cytology	429 (26.3)	33 (5.7)	99 (18.9)	297 (55.6)
Clinical signs	422 (25.8)	265 (45.9)	112 (21.4)	45 (8.4)
Ultrasonography	418 (25.6)	128 (22.2)	169 (32.4)	121 (22.7)
Death registry	186 (11.4)	74 (12.8)	93 (17.8)	19 (3.6)
Unknown	178 (10.9)	77 (13.3)	49 (9.4)	52 (9.7)

Table 2 Comparison of the incidence (age-standardized rate) of the four most common cancers among males and females over three periods in Bamako, Mali from the cancer registry of Bamako)

Site	1987-1996			1997-2006			2007-2015			1997-2006 vs 1987-1996	2007-2015 vs 1987-1996
	Cases	ASR	%	Cases	ASR	%	Cases	ASR	%	IRR (95%CI)	IRR (95%CI)
	Males
Stomach	287	16.86	14.78	416	19.24	19.47	583	11.36	12.89	1.14 (0.93-1.36)	0.67 (0.53-0.82)
Liver	426	19.41	21.93	378	13.12	17.69	405	8.15	8.95	0.67 (0.59-0.76)	0.42 (0.34-0.50)
Prostate	71	4.81	3.66	189	9.54	8.84	479	14.41	10.59	1.98 (1.30-2.67)	2.99 (1.99-4.00)
Bladder	159	8.49	8.19	158	6.13	7.39	357	8.10	7.89	0.72 (0.54-0.89)	0.95 (0.78-1.13)
	Females
Cervix uteri	515	21.60	27.16	660	20.43	25.94	1732	35.54	26.61	0.95 (0.86-1.02)	1.64 (1.37-1.92)
Breast	236	10.16	12.45	421	13.03	16.55	1408	26.14	21.63	1.28 (1.01-1.56)	2.57 (2.10-3.05)
Stomach	206	10.23	10.86	286	11.34	11.24	447	6.17	6.87	1.15 (0.84-1.46)	0.62 (-0.23-1.48)
Liver	151	7.02	7.96	144	5.15	5.66	129	2.57	1.98	0.73 (0.56-0.91)	0.37 (0.28-0.45)

ASR: Age-standardized rate; CI: Confidence interval; IRR: Incidence rate ratio.