Intraperitoneal rupture of the hydatid cyst: Four case reports and literature review

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of four patients with hydatid cyst perforation

Parameters	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3	Case 4
Age	44	37	27	40
Gender	Male	Male	Female	Female
Cause of perforation	Spontaneous	Trauma	Spontaneous	Trauma
Clinical presentation	Pain (sudden)	Pain (sudden)	Pain (sudden)	Pain (sudden)
	Hypotension	Hypotension	Hypotension	Anaphylaxis
	Anaphylaxis	Anaphylaxis		Not clear
Serology	ELISA IgG (+)	ELISA IgG (+)	Negative	Negative
History of HD	Known	Unknown	Unknown	Known
Cyst location	Liver (Bilobar)	Spleen	Liver (Bilobar)	Liver (Bilobar)
		Retroperitoneum
		Retrovesical
Perforated cyst location	Liver (VI)	Spleen	Liver (III)	Liver (II-VI)
Cysts size (mm)	165 × 100 × 80	50 × 45	80 × 75	110 × 85
	130 × 100 × 95	50 × 40	40 × 10	30 × 25
	85 × 70 × 65	60 × 50
Preop antihelmintic	ALBZ (1 mo)	No	No	ALBZ (? mo)
Postop antihelmintic	ALBZ (6 mo)	ALBZ (2 mo)	ALBZ (2 mo)	ALBZ (2 mo)
Diagnostic tools	US + CT	US	US + CT	CT
Surgical approach	Partial Cystectomy+	Splenectomy+	Partial Cystectomy+	Partial Cystectomy+
	CBD exploration+	Retroperitoneal+	Omentopexy	Omentopexy
	T-tube insertion+	Retrovesical
	Omentopexy	Cystectomy
Recurrence	Yes	No	No	No
Postop complication	Liver abscess	Bleeding	No	Liver abscess
Follow up (mo)	80	34	25	36

HD: Hydatid disease; ALBZ: Albendazole; US: Ultrasonography; CT: Computed tomography; CBD: Common bile duct.

Table 2 Short analysis of studies that published four or more cases of intraperitoneal hydatid cyst rupture

Authors	Years	Country	City	Study period	Perforated HC	Total HC surgery	Rate (%)
Toumi	2017	Tunusia	Monastir	1990-2015	12	1350	0,9
Sakcak	2015	Turkey	Ankara	1996-2013	16	756	2,1
Ozturk	2007	Turkey	Erzurum	1979-2004	20	653	3,1
Mouqait	2013	Morocco	Fes	2008-2012	14	306	4,6
Derici	2007	Turkey	Izmir	1988-2005	17	306	5,6
Unalp	2010	Turkey	Izmir	2000-2009	21	368	5,7
Kurt	2003	Turkey	Istanbul	1995-2001	7	99	7,1
Akcan	2010	Turkey	Kayseri	1990-2008	28	372	7,5
Bozdag	2016	Turkey	Diyarbakir	2005-2015	16	NA	NA
Ozturk	2016	Turkey	Izmir	2008-2012	13	NA	NA
Dirican	2010	Turkey	Malatya	2003-2008	10	NA	NA
Rami	2009	Morocco	Fes	NA	4	NA	NA
Gunay	1999	Turkey	Istanbul	1985-1997	16	NA	NA

NA: Not available; HC: hydatid cyst.