Clostridium paraputrificum septicemia and liver abscess

Table 1 Fifty-seven reported clostridial hepatic abscess cases in the English medical literature

Case	Author	Year	Age	Sex	Species	Underlying disease	HML	SSE	TTD	PLM	PMI
1	Fiese[35]	1950	67	M	C. perfringens	Cholecystitis	No	Yes	-	No	Yes
2	Kivel et al[36]	1958	68	F	C. perfringens	DM	Yes	No	5 d	No	No
3	Kahn et al[37]	1972	44	F	C. septicum	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	Yes
4	D’Orsi et al[38]	1979	52	F	C. septicum	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
5	D’Orsi et al[38]	1979	51	F	C. ramosum	Melanoma	Yes	No	2 d	Yes	No
6	D’Orsi et al[38]	1979	29	M	C. ramosum, C. sporogenes	Peri-ampullaryCa	No	Yes	-	Yes	Yes
7	Mera et al[39]	1984	6	F	C. perfringens	Fanconi’s anemia	Yes	No	14 h	No	No
8	Nachman et al[40]	1989	6	M	C. bifermentans	Blunt trauma	No	Yes	-	No	No
9	Yood et al[41]	1989	64	F	C. perfringens	Systemic vasculitis	No	Yes	-	No	No
10	Batge et al[42]	1992	61	M	C. perfringens	Pancreatic cancer, DM	Yes	Yes	-	No	No
11	Rogstad et al[43]	1993	61	M	C. perfringens	None	Yes	No	3 h	No	No
12	Thel et al[32]	1994	39	F	C. septicum	Breast Ca, Bone M. txp	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
13	Gutierrez et al[44]	1995	74	M	C. perfringens	None	Yes	No	6 h	No	No
14	Jones et al[45]	1996	66	F	C. perfringens	OLT, DM	Yes	No	10 h	No	No
15	Lee et al[34]	1999	33	F	C. septicum	Uterine cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
16	Eckel et al[46]	2000	65	F	C. perfringens	Cholangiocarcinoma	Yes	Yes	-	Yes	Yes
17	Urban et al[47]	2000	68	M	C. septicum	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
18	Sakurai et al[48]	2001	75	F	C. difficile	Hepatic cyst	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
19	Kreidl et al[8]	2002	80	M	C. perfringens	DM, dialysis	Yes	No	11 h	No	No
20	Sarmiento et al[49]	2002	57	M	C. septicum	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
21	Hsieh et al[50]	2003	23	M	Unusual C. spp.	Blunt trauma	No	Yes	-	No	No
22	Quigley et al[51]	2003	73	M	C. perfringens	Hepatic cyst	-	No	0 h	Yes	Yes
23	Elsayed et al[52]	2004	27	M	C. hathewayi	Cholecystitis	No	Yes	-	No	No
24	Fondran et al[53]	2005	63	M	C. perfringens	Pancreatic cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	Yes
25	Au et al[7]	2005	65	M	C. perfringens	DM, dialysis	Yes	No	3 h	No	No
26	Kurtz et al[54]	2005	50	F	C. septicum	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
27	Ohtani et al[55]	2006	78	M	C. perfringens	DM	Yes	No	3 h	No	No
28	Daly et al[56]	2006	80	M	C. perfringens	DM	Yes	No	3 h	No	No
29	Loran et al[57]	2006	69	F	C. perfringens	None	Yes	No	6 h	No	No
30	Chiang et al[58]	2007	46	F	C. perfringens	Cholecystitis	No	No	7 d	No	No
31	Abdel-Haq et al[59]	2007	11	M	C. novyi type B	Blunt trauma	No	Yes	-	No	No
32	Umgelter et al[60]	2007	87	F	C. perfringens	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
33	Tabarelli et al[61]	2009	65	F	C. perfringens	Pancr. Ca s/p whipple	No	No	27 d	No	Yes
34	Merino et al[62]	2009	83	F	C. perfringens	None	Yes	No	3 d	No	No
35	Saleh et al[63]	2009	53	M	C. septicum	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
36	Meyns et al[64]	2009	64	M	C. perfringens	DM	Yes	No	2 d	No	No
37	Ng et al[4]	2010	61	F	C. perfringens	DM	Yes	Yes	-	No	Yes
38	Rajendran et al[65]	2010	58	M	C. perfringens	None	Yes	Yes	-	No	No
39	Bradly et al[66]	2010	52	M	C. perfringens	OLT	Yes	No	6 h	No	No
40	Ogah et al[67]	2012	6	F	C. clostridioforme	None	No	Yes	-	No	No
41	Qandeel et al[68]	2012	59	M	C. perfringens	DM, s/p elective chole	Yes	Yes	-	No	No
42	Kim et al[69]	2012	80	F	C. perfringens	Hilar cholangiocarcinoma	No	No	3 d	No	Yes
43	Huang et al[70]	2012	54	M	C. baratii	Cholecystitis	No	Yes	-	No	No
44	Sucandy et al[71]	2012	65	M	C. septicum	Colon cancer	No	No	2 d	Yes	No
45	Law et al[5]	2012	50	F	C. perfringens	Rectal cancer	Yes	No	7 d	Yes	No
46	Raghavendra et al[72]	2013	63	M	C. septicum	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
47	Kitterer et al[73]	2014	71	M	C. perfringens	OLT, Gastroenteritis	Yes	No	13 h	No	No
48	Imai et al[74]	2014	76	M	C. perfringens	None	Yes	No	6.5 h	No	No
49	Kurasawa et al[2]	2014	65	M	C. perfringens	DM	Yes	No	6 h	No	No
50	Eltawansy et al[75]	2015	81	F	C. perfringens	DM, Gastroenteritis	No	No	N/A1	No	Yes
51	Li et al[76]	2015	71	M	C. perfringens	HCC, Hepatitis B	Yes	Yes	-	Yes	No
52	Rives et al[77]	2015	63	M	C. perfringens	Colon cancer	No	Yes	-	Yes	No
53	Lim et al[6]	2016	58	M	C. perfringens	None	Yes	No	7.5 h	No	No
54	Hashiba et al[78]	2016	82	M	C. perfringens	DM	Yes	No	2 h	No	No
55	Kyang et al[79]	2016	84	M	C. perfringens	Gastric adenoCA	No	Yes	-	Yes	Yes
56	Ulger et al[80]	2016	80	F	C. difficile	DM	No	No	18 d	No	No
57	García et al[81]	2016	65	M	C. perfringens	DM	Yes	Yes	-	No	Yes

¹Exact time of TTD was not discussed, but terminal vent weaning was initiated and subsequently expired. HML: Hemolysis; SSE: Survival of septic episode; TTD: Time to death; PLM: Presence of liver mass; PMI: Polymicrobial infection.