Metabolomics: From liver chiromancy to personalized precision medicine in advanced chronic liver disease

doi:10.4254/wjh.v10.i3.371

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Mar 27, 2018 (publication date) through Jan 12, 2025

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Hepatol. Mar 27, 2018; 10(3): 371-378
Published online Mar 27, 2018. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i3.371

Table 1 Principal metabolic changes in advanced liver diseases

Condition	Lipids	Bile acids	Carbo-hydrates	Energy and oxidative stress	Proteins and Aminoacids
ACLD	↓ HDL cholesterol		↑ Glucose	↓ OH-butyrate	↑ Phe
	↓ Choline		↑ Glycerol	↓ Aceto-acetate	↓ Gli, Ala
	↓ Phosphatidylcholine			↑ Lactate	↓ Branched AA
	↓ Lipid moieties			↑ Pyruvate	↑ Leu, Iso-Leu, Val, Glu
				↑ Citrate	↑ Methionine
ACLF	↓ HDL cholesterol			↑ Lactate	↑ Aromatic AA
ACLF	↓ HDL cholesterol			↑ Pyruvate	↑ Aromatic AA
ALD	↓ Lyso-phosphatidilcholine	↑ Sulphated bile acids	↑ Fumarate, succinate,	↑ Indole 3-acetic acid (u)	↓ Val, Iso-Leu
	↑ Eico/doco -sapentaenoate		malate, citrate	↑ Betaine
	↑ Tetra/hexa/octa -decanedioate		↑ Xylonate	↑ Citruline
HCC	↓ Lysophosphatidilcholine	↓ (Lito)cholic, (cheno)deoxy-cholic acids	↑ Glucose, glycerol	↓ OH-butyrate	↓ BCAAs: Leu, Iso-Leu and Val
	↑ Oleamide	↓ (Lito)cholic, (cheno)deoxy-cholic acids		↓ Xantine	↓ BCAAs: Leu, Iso-Leu and Val
	↑ Stearoyl-coa desaturase	↓ GCA, GDCA, GCDCA, TCA, TCDCA		↑ Canavanino succinate	↑ AAAs: Phe, Trp, Tyr, His
	↓ 3-Hydroxybutyrate	↓ GCA, GDCA, GCDCA, TCA, TCDCA		↑ Canavanino succinate	↑ AAAs: Phe, Trp, Tyr, His
	↓ Choline				↑ Methionine, hydroxy-methyldeoxyuridine, dimethyl-guanosine, uric acid
	↓ Choline				↑ Methylhistidine

ACLF: Acute on chronic liver failure; ACLD: Advanced chronic liver disease; ALD: Alcoholic liver disease; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; AA: Aminoacids; AAA: Aromatic AA; BCAA: Branched chain AA; Ala: Alanine; Arg: Arginine; Gli: Glicine; Glu: Glutamate; His: Histidine; Phe: Phenylalanine; Leu: Leucine; Val: Valine; Trp: Triptofan; Tyr: Tyrosine; CA: Cholic acid; GCA: Glyco CA; GDCA: Glycodeoxy CA; GCDCA: Glycochenodeoxy CA; TCA: Tauro CA; TCDA: Tauro cheno deoxi CA; u: Urinary.

Citation: Procopet B, Fischer P, Farcau O, Stefanescu H. Metabolomics: From liver chiromancy to personalized precision medicine in advanced chronic liver disease. World J Hepatol 2018; 10(3): 371-378
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v10/i3/371.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v10.i3.371