Gut microbiome in patients with cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension: A pilot study

Figure 1 Intestinal microbiota phyla in patients with cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension. A: Distribution of the predominant microbiota, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla in cirrhotic patients with clinically significant portal hypertension and in healthy controls; B: Significant differences have been observed between patients and controls in the proportion of Proteobacteria (^aP < 0.03). Elusimicrobia (^bP < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (^cP < 0.04). HD: Healthy donors; CSPH: Clinically significant portal hypertension.

Figure 2 Dysbiosis index in cirrhotic patients with clinically significant portal hypertension and healthy controls. ^aP < 0.001, significant differences have been observed between patients and controls. Data are expressed as median and range. CSPH: Clinically significant portal hypertension; HC: Healthy controls.

Figure 3 Biodiversity index in cirrhotic patients with C clinically significant portal hypertension clinically significant portal hypertension and healthy controls. ^aP < 0.001, significant differences have been observed between patients and controls. Data are expressed as median and range. HD: Healthy donors; CSPH: Clinically significant portal hypertension.

Figure 4 Distribution of pathobionts in the microbiota and mycobiota of patients with clinically significant portal hypertension. A: Distribution of pathobionts in the microbiota of cirrhotic patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH); B: Distribution of pathobionts in the mycobiota of cirrhotic patients with CSPH; C: Distribution of pathobionts in both the microbiota and mycobiota of cirrhotic patients with CSPH.

Figure 5 Different phyla distribution in patients “CV and MA” with the lowest and highest Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio values. F/B: Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes.