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For: Pinzon RT, Angela, Pradana AW. Vitamin D deficiency among patients with COVID-19: case series and recent literature review. Trop Med Health 2020;48:102. [PMID: 33342439 PMCID: PMC7750008 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-020-00277-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

For:	Pinzon RT, Angela, Pradana AW. Vitamin D deficiency among patients with COVID-19: case series and recent literature review. Trop Med Health 2020;48:102. [PMID: 33342439 PMCID: PMC7750008 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-020-00277-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Hidajat D, Haq AD, Warnaini C, Kadriyan H. Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level is Correlated with a Risk for Atopic Dermatitis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Malays J Med Sci 2024;31:50-62. [PMID: 39247110 PMCID: PMC11377011 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open

Abstract

Although Indonesia is located in an equatorial region with adequate year-round sun exposure, the prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) deficiency is as high as 90%. Mothers are especially vulnerable to deficiencies due to changes in their gastrointestinal system. Previous studies have reported a correlation between the 25[OH]D status of mothers with atopic dermatitis (AD) and their offspring. However, studies investigating maternal cord blood 25[OH]D levels and the incidence of AD have yielded controversial results due to its variability. As such, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the correlation between maternal cord blood 25[OH]D levels and the risk for AD. In accordance with Preferred Reporting System for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the PubMed, Cochrane Library and ScienceDirect databases were searched for relevant observational studies and a meta-analysis was performed to obtain odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Nine studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, five of which were included in the quantitative synthesis. Meta-analysis revealed that cord blood 25[OH]D levels < 50 nmol/L were associated with a 60% higher risk for the development of AD (OR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.22; I2 = 0%; P < 0.05). However, qualitative synthesis revealed a variety of cord blood 25[OH]D measurements and different methods of diagnosing AD in each study. Based on the current analysis, maternal cord blood 25[OH]D levels were significantly correlated with the risk for AD. Therefore, studies investigating 25[OH]D supplementation in pregnant women and its efficacy in decreasing the risk for AD are needed, especially in tropical and equatorial countries. This study also serves as a proof of concept that cord blood 25[OH]D levels can be used as a more affordable predictive parameter for AD.

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Jamilian A, Ghalichi F, Hamedi Kalajahi F, Radkhah N, Jourabchi N, Musazadeh V, Amini-Salehi E, Zarezadeh M, Ostadrahimi A. The role of vitamin D in outcomes of critical care in COVID-19 patients: evidence from an umbrella meta-analysis of interventional and observational studies. Public Health Nutr 2024;27:e127. [PMID: 38654693 PMCID: PMC11112434 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]

Rachman A, Rahmaniyah R, Khomeini A, Iriani A. The association between vitamin D deficiency and the clinical outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. F1000Res 2024;12:394. [PMID: 38434628 PMCID: PMC10905025 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.132214.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open

Abstract

Background

Vitamin D deficiency is an emerging public health problem that affects more than one billion people worldwide. Vitamin D has been shown to be effective in preventing and reducing the severity of viral respiratory diseases, including influenza. However, the role of vitamin D in COVID-19 infection remains controversial. This study aimed to analyze the association of vitamin D deficiency on the clinical outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was conducted among hospitalized COVID-19 patients at two COVID-19 referral hospitals in Indonesia from October 2021 until February 2022.

Results

The median serum 25(OH)D level in 191 hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 13.6 [IQR=10.98] ng/mL. The serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower among COVID-19 patients with vitamin D deficiency who had cardiovascular disease (p-value=0.04), the use of a ventilator (p-value=0.004), more severe COVID-19 cases (p-value=0.047), and mortality (p-value=0.002). Furthermore, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly different between patients with mild and severe COVID-19 cases (p-value=0.019). Serum 25(OH)D levels in moderate and severe COVID-19 cases were significantly different (p-value=0.031). Lower serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with an increased number of comorbidities (p-value=0.03), the severity of COVID-19 (p-value=0.002), and the use of mechanical ventilation (p-value=0.032). Mortality was found in 7.3% of patients with deficient vitamin D levels. However, patients with either sufficient or insufficient vitamin D levels did not develop mortality.

Conclusions

COVID-19 patients with vitamin D deficiency were significantly associated with having cardiovascular disease, mortality, more severe COVID-19 cases, and the used of mechanical ventilation. Lower serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with an increased number of comorbidities, COVID-19 severity, and the use of mechanical-ventilation. Thus, we suggest hospitalized COVID-19 patients to reach a sufficient vitamin D status to improve the clinical outcome of the disease.

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Ahmed HS, Ahmed HS, Abud HN. The role of vitamin D against COVID-19 infection, progression and severity. Hum Antibodies 2024;32:51-60. [PMID: 38640148 DOI: 10.3233/hab-240009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The number of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) positive patients and fatalities keeps rising. It is important to recognize risk factors for severe outcomes. Evidence linking vitamin D deficiency and the severity of COVID-19 is tangential but substantial - relating to race, obesity, and institutionalization.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the function of vitamin D and nutritional defense against infections such as COVID-19, which is the goal of this research.

METHODS

This study includes observational cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies that estimated variances in serum levels of vitamin D among patients with mild or severe forms of COVID-19, and in patients who died or were discharged from hospitals. Studies that assessed the risk of developing severe disorder or death in patients with vitamin D deficiency, defined as levels of vitamin D< 20 ng/mL, were also encompassed.

RESULTS

In a retrospective study on 464,383 individuals, results showed that individuals who had the highest risks for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and for COVID-19 severity when infected, had vitamin D levels < 30 nmol/L; Odds Ratio (OR) were 1.246 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.210-1.304] and 1.513 [95%CI: 1.230-1.861], respectively. Additionally, in a retrospective observational study of 191,779 individuals in the USA. The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was greater in the 39,190 subjects with vitamin D < 20 ng/mL [12.5%, 95% C.I. 12.2-12.8%] than in the 27,870 subjects with sufficient serum vitamin D levels [8.1%, 95% C.I. 7.8-8.4%] and in the 12,321 subjects with serum vitamin D ⩾ 55 ng/mL [5.9%, 95% C.I. 5.5-6.4%].

CONCLUSION

People hospitalized for COVID-19 should be checked for vitamin D status and supplemented, and high-dose-in testing should be considered in the recovery trial. More importantly, screening for malnutrition and the administration of the best nutritional supplements are essential for the immune system of the human body to function as it should be. Thus, nutritional supplementation is crucial for people with risk factors as well as older adults with compromised immune systems.

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Udhaya Nandhini D, Venkatesan S, Senthilraja K, Janaki P, Prabha B, Sangamithra S, Vaishnavi SJ, Meena S, Balakrishnan N, Raveendran M, Geethalakshmi V, Somasundaram E. Metabolomic analysis for disclosing nutritional and therapeutic prospective of traditional rice cultivars of Cauvery deltaic region, India. Front Nutr 2023;10:1254624. [PMID: 37841397 PMCID: PMC10568072 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1254624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open

Abstract

Traditional rice is gaining popularity worldwide due to its high nutritional and pharmaceutical value, as well as its high resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. This has attracted significant attention from breeders, nutritionists, and plant protection scientists in recent years. Hence, it is critical to investigate the grain metabolome to reveal germination and nutritional importance. This research aimed to explore non-targeted metabolites of five traditional rice varieties, viz., Chinnar, Chithiraikar, Karunguruvai, Kichili samba, and Thooyamalli, for their nutritional and therapeutic properties. Approximately 149 metabolites were identified using the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library and Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) and were grouped into 34 chemical classes. Major classes include fatty acids (31.1-56.3%), steroids and their derivatives (1.80-22.4%), dihydrofurans (8.98-11.6%), prenol lipids (0.66-4.44%), organooxygen compounds (0.12-6.45%), benzene and substituted derivatives (0.53-3.73%), glycerolipids (0.36-2.28%), and hydroxy acids and derivatives (0.03-2.70%). Significant variations in metabolite composition among the rice varieties were also observed through the combination of univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduced the dimensionality of 149 metabolites into five principle components (PCs), which explained 96% of the total variance. Two clusters were revealed by hierarchical cluster analysis, indicating the distinctiveness of the traditional varieties. Additionally, a partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) found 17 variables important in the projection (VIP) scores of metabolites. The findings of this study reveal the biochemical intricate and distinctive metabolomes of the traditional therapeutic rice varieties. This will serve as the foundation for future research on developing new rice varieties with traditional rice grain metabolisms to increase grain quality and production with various nutritional and therapeutic benefits.

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Anghel L, Manole C, Nechita A, Tatu AL, Ștefănescu BI, Nechita L, Bușilă C, Zainea P, Baroiu L, Mușat CL. Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium Abnormalities Associated with COVID-19 Infection, and Beyond. Biomedicines 2023;11:2362. [PMID: 37760804 PMCID: PMC10525362 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open

Affiliation(s)

Lucreția Anghel Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania; (L.A.); (A.N.); (A.L.T.); (L.N.); (C.B.); (L.B.) ‘Sf. Apostol Andrei’ Clinical Emergency County Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania; (B.I.Ș.); (C.L.M.)
Corina Manole Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania; (L.A.); (A.N.); (A.L.T.); (L.N.); (C.B.); (L.B.) ‘Sf. Apostol Andrei’ Clinical Emergency County Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania; (B.I.Ș.); (C.L.M.)
Aurel Nechita Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania; (L.A.); (A.N.); (A.L.T.); (L.N.); (C.B.); (L.B.) ‘Sf. Ioan’ Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania
Alin Laurențiu Tatu Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania; (L.A.); (A.N.); (A.L.T.); (L.N.); (C.B.); (L.B.) ‘Sf. Cuv. Parascheva’ Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania Multidisciplinary Integrated Center of Dermatological Interface Research MIC-DIR, 800010 Galati, Romania
Bogdan Ioan Ștefănescu ‘Sf. Apostol Andrei’ Clinical Emergency County Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania; (B.I.Ș.); (C.L.M.) Clinical Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania
Luiza Nechita Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania; (L.A.); (A.N.); (A.L.T.); (L.N.); (C.B.); (L.B.) ‘Sf. Apostol Andrei’ Clinical Emergency County Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania; (B.I.Ș.); (C.L.M.)
Camelia Bușilă Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania; (L.A.); (A.N.); (A.L.T.); (L.N.); (C.B.); (L.B.) ‘Sf. Ioan’ Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania
Pușica Zainea Clinical Emergency County Hospital Braila, 810318 Braila, Romania;
Liliana Baroiu Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania; (L.A.); (A.N.); (A.L.T.); (L.N.); (C.B.); (L.B.) ‘Sf. Cuv. Parascheva’ Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
Carmina Liana Mușat ‘Sf. Apostol Andrei’ Clinical Emergency County Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania; (B.I.Ș.); (C.L.M.) Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunarea de Jos’ University, 800008 Galati, Romania

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Zeidan NMS, Lateef HMAE, Selim DM, Razek SA, Abd-Elrehim GAB, Nashat M, ElGyar N, Waked NM, Soliman AA, Elhewala AA, Shehab MMM, Ibraheem AAA, Shehata H, Yousif YM, Akeel NE, Hashem MIA, Ahmed AA, Emam AA, Abdelmohsen MM, Ahmed MF, Saleh ASE, Eltrawy HH, Shahin GH, Nabil RM, Hosny TA, Abdelhamed MR, Afify MR, Alharbi MT, Nagshabandi MK, Tarabulsi MK, Osman SF, Abd-Elrazek ASM, Rashad MM, El-Gaaly SAA, Gad SAB, Mohamed MY, Abdelkhalek K, Yousef AA. Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphism as risk factors for COVID-19. Pediatr Res 2023;93:1383-1390. [PMID: 36085364 PMCID: PMC9461391 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Given the sparse data on vitamin D status in pediatric COVID-19, we investigated whether vitamin D deficiency could be a risk factor for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. We also investigated whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) FokI polymorphism could be a genetic marker for COVID-19 susceptibility.

METHODS

One hundred and eighty patients diagnosed to have COVID-19 and 200 matched control children and adolescents were recruited. Patients were laboratory confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 positive by real-time RT-PCR. All participants were genotyped for VDR Fok1 polymorphism by RT-PCR. Vitamin D status was defined as sufficient for serum 25(OH) D at least 30 ng/mL, insufficient at 21-29 ng/mL, deficient at <20 ng/mL.

RESULTS

Ninety-four patients (52%) had low vitamin D levels with 74 (41%) being deficient and 20 (11%) had vitamin D insufficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with 2.6-fold increased risk for COVID-19 (OR = 2.6; [95% CI 1.96-4.9]; P = 0.002. The FokI FF genotype was significantly more represented in patients compared to control group (OR = 4.05; [95% CI: 1.95-8.55]; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Vitamin D deficiency and VDR Fok I polymorphism may constitute independent risk factors for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents.

IMPACT

Vitamin D deficiency could be a modifiable risk factor for COVID-19 in children and adolescents because of its immune-modulatory action. To our knowledge, ours is the first such study to investigate the VDR Fok I polymorphism in Caucasian children and adolescents with COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency and the VDR Fok I polymorphism may constitute independent risk factors for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. Clinical trials should be urgently conducted to test for causality and to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 taking into account the VDR polymorphisms.

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Affiliation(s)

Nancy M S Zeidan Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Hanan M Abd El Lateef Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Dalia M Selim Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Suzan A Razek Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Ghada A B Abd-Elrehim Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
Mohamed Nashat Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
Noha ElGyar Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
Nevin M Waked Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt
Attia A Soliman Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Ahmed A Elhewala Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Mohamed M M Shehab Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Ahmed A A Ibraheem Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Hassan Shehata Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Yousif M Yousif Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Nagwa E Akeel Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Mustafa I A Hashem Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Amani A Ahmed Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Ahmed A Emam Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Mohamed M Abdelmohsen Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Mohamed F Ahmed Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Ahmed S E Saleh Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
Heba H Eltrawy Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Gehan H Shahin Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Rehab M Nabil Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Thoraya A Hosny Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Mohamed R Abdelhamed Department of Clinical Pathology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
Mona R Afify Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Mohanned T Alharbi Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed K Nagshabandi Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Muyassar K Tarabulsi Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Sherif F Osman Department of Radiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
Amal S M Abd-Elrazek Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Menoufia University, Shibin Al Kawm, Egypt
Manal M Rashad Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Sonya A A El-Gaaly Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Said A B Gad Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Mohamed Y Mohamed Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Khalil Abdelkhalek Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Aly A Yousef Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt

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Rachman A, Iriani A, Priantono D, Rumondor BB, Betsy R, Juanputra S. The correlation between serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels and anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibody levels among cancer patients receiving COVID-19 vaccines. Front Nutr 2022;9:1066411. [PMID: 36583218 PMCID: PMC9792493 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1066411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open

Abstract

Introduction

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, vitamin D has been established as an immune-modulator that reduces pro-inflammatory damage which effectively diminish the severity of COVID-19. Vitamin D also has a significant effect against influenza and dengue and increase the seroconversion following influenza vaccination. To date, the role of vitamin D in optimizing the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between serum 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol or 25(OH)D levels and anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibody levels among cancer patients.

Methodology

A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among solid and hematologic cancer patients who were vaccinated with two doses of the same types of COVID-19 vaccines (either mRNA, non-replicating viral vector, or inactivated) within 6 months.

Result

The median serum 25(OH)D level in 119 cancer patients was 36.36 [IQR = 30.30] ng/mL. The seropositivity of S-RBD IgG and NAb reached 93.3 and 94.1%, respectively. The S-RBD IgG level was significantly higher in the sufficient group (median = 414.07 [1,441.83] AU/mL) than in the deficient group (median = 91.56 [652.00] AU/mL) (p-value = 0.049). Among non-chemotherapy subjects, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG levels had a significant positive correlation with 25(OH)D levels (p-value = 0.03; R = 0.588). The NAb levels also showed significantly positive correlation with 25(OH)D level (p-value = 0.005; R = 0.561). The 25(OH)D levels were positively correlated with S-RBD IgG levels among subjects younger than 60 years old (p-value = 0.047; R = 0.136). However, serum 25 (OH)D levels showed no such correlation with S-RBD IgG levels among subjects older than 60 years old (p-value = 0.933; R = 0.136).

Conclusion

Both anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and NAb levels developed moderate correlation with 25(OH)D levels among subjects treated without chemotherapy. The S-RBD IgG levels also had positive correlation with 25(OH)D levels among subjects younger than 60 years old. Thus, we recommended cancer patients to maintain serum 25(OH)D levels above 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) to enhance the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.

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Yosef TM, Saleh SA, Ali SF, Ahmed AE. Vitamin D assessment in patients with COVID-19 virus and correlation with severity. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022;34:52. [PMID: 35822077 PMCID: PMC9264737 DOI: 10.1186/s43162-022-00142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open

Zafar M, Karkhanis M, Shahbaz M, Khanna A, Barry L, Alam S, Lawrence K, Pun B, Eldebri R, Makanjuola O, Safarova D, Farooq M, Nooredinavand H, Cuison F, Subba K, Singh Randhawa R, Hegner J, Oluwamayowa O, Elyasaky A, Adekunle B, Periasamy M, Abdelbagi M, Maryam Z, Khuu B, Esteves Morete A, Ciroi G, Moran S, O'Neill W, Zafar MJ, Zafar N, Patel M, Golez R, Hadid A, Muhammad T, Mayhead P, Whitehead M, Dashora U. Vitamin D levels and mortality with SARS-COV-2 infection: a retrospective two-centre cohort study. Postgrad Med J 2022;98:523-528. [PMID: 34489318 PMCID: PMC8423517 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]

Affiliation(s)

Mansoor Zafar Gastroenterology, GIM, Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Mangala Karkhanis Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Muhammad Shahbaz Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Alisha Khanna Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Lucinda Barry Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Saba Alam Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Kamal Lawrence Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Bipin Pun Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Reem Eldebri Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Opeyemi Makanjuola Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Dana Safarova Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Mariya Farooq Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Hesam Nooredinavand Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Frderic Cuison Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Karuna Subba Medicine, Conquest Hospital, Cardiff, UK
Ratan Singh Randhawa Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Johannes Hegner Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Ojofeitimi Oluwamayowa Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Amr Elyasaky Geriatric, Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Bolurin Adekunle Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Manivannan Periasamy Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Mohamed Abdelbagi Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Zahra Maryam Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Bao Khuu General Internal Medicine, Conquest Hospital, East Sussex healthcare NHS Trust, St. Leonards-on-sea, UK
Andreia Esteves Morete Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Giulio Ciroi General Internal Medicine, Conquest Hospital, East Sussex healthcare NHS Trust, St. Leonards-on-sea, UK
Steve Moran Microbiology, Eastbourne District General Hospital, East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Eastbourne, UK
William O'Neill Microbiology, Eastbourne District General Hospital, Eastbourne, UK
Maaryah J Zafar Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
Nadiyah Zafar Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
Mirej Patel Medical School and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Raphael Golez Geriatric, Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Abubakr Hadid General Internal Medicine, Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK
Tila Muhammad Gastroenterology, East Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, Saint Leonards-on-Sea, UK
Philip Mayhead Gastroenterology, Eastbourne District General Hospital. East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Eastbourne, UK
Mark Whitehead Consultant Physician and Gastroenterologist, Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, East Sussex, UK
Umesh Dashora Diabetes and Endocrinology and General Internal Medicine, Conquest Hospital, Saint Leonards on Sea, UK

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Puspitaningtyas H, Sulistyoningrum DC, Witaningrum R, Widodo I, Hardianti MS, Taroeno-Hariadi KW, Kurnianda J, Purwanto I, Hutajulu SH. Vitamin D status in breast cancer cases following chemotherapy: A pre and post observational study in a tertiary hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. PLoS One 2022;17:e0270507. [PMID: 35749452 PMCID: PMC9231732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open

Abstract Objectives To observe pre- and post-treatment vitamin D level and its association with treatment and concomitant factors in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Methods We performed a pre-post observational analysis that nested in an ongoing prospective cohort study of breast cancer patients at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 136 subjects were recruited from the main study. Information on subjects’ socio-demographic characteristics clinical status, and tumour profile was assessed at baseline. Number of chemotherapy cycles and chemotherapy-induced nausea vomiting (CINV) were also recorded. Vitamin D concentration was measured using ELISA methods at baseline and post-treatment. Vitamin D level of <20 ng/ml and <12 ng/ml were defined as deficiency and severe deficiency. Correlation between socio-demographic and clinical profile with baseline vitamin D was tested using Spearman correlation. Paired t-test was used to evaluate changes in post-treatment vitamin D concentration. The odds ratio for a subject to experience post-treatment vitamin D decrease was assessed based on number of chemotherapy cycles and CINV severity. Results The mean vitamin D level before chemotherapy was very low (8.80±3.64 ng/ml) in the whole panel. Higher AST level were associated with lower vitamin D level at baseline (r = -0.188, p = 0.028). Severe deficiency was found in 82.4% subjects at baseline and the rate increased to 89.0% after chemotherapy. Eighty-five cases showed a decrease level whereas 51 showed a slight improvement. Overall, a significant decrease of the vitamin D level was observed after chemotherapy (median change 3.13±4.03 ng/ml, p <0.001). Subjects who received >6 cycles of chemotherapy were less likely to experience a decreased level of post-treatment vitamin D (OR = 0.436, 95% CI = 0.196–0.968, p = 0.039). Conclusions Indonesian breast cancer patients showed pre-existing severe vitamin D deficiency and deterioration of vitamin D after chemotherapy. Future research is needed to explore its implication towards patients’ survival in the local setting. Evidence-based approach also needs to be taken to address this modifiable condition, including increasing awareness of the importance of maintaining vitamin D sufficiency both in patients and the general population. Collapse

Hibino S, Hayashida K. Modifiable Host Factors for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: Diet and Lifestyle/Diet and Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of COVID-19. Nutrients 2022;14:1876. [PMID: 35565841 PMCID: PMC9102954 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open

Ghanei E, Baghani M, Moravvej H, Talebi A, Bahmanjahromi A, Abdollahimajd F. Low serum levels of zinc and 25-hydroxyvitmain D as potential risk factors for COVID-19 susceptibility: a pilot case-control study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022;76:1297-1302. [PMID: 35322170 PMCID: PMC8941827 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]

Hariyanto TI, Intan D, Hananto JE, Harapan H, Kurniawan A. Vitamin D supplementation and Covid‐19 outcomes: A systematic review, meta‐analysis and meta‐regression. Rev Med Virol 2022;32:e2269. [PMCID: PMC8420388 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]

Soltani-Zangbar MS, Mahmoodpoor A, Dolati S, Shamekh A, Valizadeh S, Yousefi M, Sanaie S. Serum levels of vitamin D and immune system function in patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care unit. GENE REPORTS 2022;26:101509. [PMID: 35071823 PMCID: PMC8761022 DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]

Sergi CM. Vitamin D supplementation for autoimmune hepatitis: A need for further investigation. World J Hepatol 2022;14:295-299. [PMID: 35126856 PMCID: PMC8790399 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i1.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Chiodini I, Gatti D, Soranna D, Merlotti D, Mingiano C, Fassio A, Adami G, Falchetti A, Eller-Vainicher C, Rossini M, Persani L, Zambon A, Gennari L. Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes. Front Public Health 2021;9:736665. [PMID: 35004568 PMCID: PMC8727532 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.736665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open

Abstract

Background: Several studies suggest an association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and the outcomes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, in particular Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) related severity and mortality. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to investigate whether vitamin D status is associated with the COVID-19 severity, defined as ARDS requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or mortality (primary endpoints) and with the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19-related hospitalization (secondary endpoints). Methods: A search in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and preprints repositories was performed until March 31th 2021 to identify all original observational studies reporting association measures, or enough data to calculate them, between Vitamin D status (insufficiency <75, deficiency <50, or severe deficiency <25 nmol/L) and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, ICU admission, or death during COVID-19 hospitalization. Findings: Fifty-four studies (49 as fully-printed and 5 as pre-print publications) were included for a total of 1,403,715 individuals. The association between vitamin D status and SARS-CoV2 infection, COVID-19 related hospitalization, COVID-19 related ICU admission, and COVID-19 related mortality was reported in 17, 9, 27, and 35 studies, respectively. Severe deficiency, deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D were all associated with ICU admission (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence intervals [95%CIs]: 2.63, 1.45-4.77; 2.16, 1.43-3.26; 2.83, 1.74-4.61, respectively), mortality (OR, 95%CIs: 2.60, 1.93-3.49; 1.84, 1.26-2.69; 4.15, 1.76-9.77, respectively), SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR, 95%CIs: 1.68, 1.32-2.13; 1.83, 1.43-2.33; 1.49, 1.16-1.91, respectively) and COVID-19 hospitalization (OR, 95%CIs 2.51, 1.63-3.85; 2.38, 1.56-3.63; 1.82, 1.43-2.33). Considering specific subgroups (i.e., Caucasian patients, high quality studies, and studies reporting adjusted association estimates) the results of primary endpoints did not change. Interpretations: Patients with low vitamin D levels present an increased risk of ARDS requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU) or mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection and a higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and related hospitalization.

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Bianconi V, Mannarino MR, Figorilli F, Cosentini E, Batori G, Marini E, Lombardini R, Gargaro M, Fallarino F, Scarponi AM, Sahebkar A, Pirro M. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its prognostic impact on patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Nutrition 2021;91-92:111408. [PMID: 34388589 PMCID: PMC8247197 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]

Jordan E, Shin DE, Leekha S, Azarm S. Optimization in the Context of COVID-19 Prediction and Control: A Literature Review. IEEE ACCESS : PRACTICAL INNOVATIONS, OPEN SOLUTIONS 2021;9:130072-130093. [PMID: 35781925 PMCID: PMC8768956 DOI: 10.1109/access.2021.3113812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]

Wakeman M. A Literature Review of the Potential Impact of Medication on Vitamin D Status. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021;14:3357-3381. [PMID: 34421316 PMCID: PMC8373308 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s316897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open

Nimavat N, Singh S, Singh P, Singh SK, Sinha N. Vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19: A case-control study at a tertiary care hospital in India. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021;68:102661. [PMID: 34377451 PMCID: PMC8339450 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open

Al Kiyumi MH, Kalra S, Davies J, Kalhan A. The Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Severity of Symptoms and Mortality Rate among Adult Patients with Covid-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2021;25:261-282. [PMID: 35136732 PMCID: PMC8793953 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_115_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open

James PT, Ali Z, Armitage AE, Bonell A, Cerami C, Drakesmith H, Jobe M, Jones KS, Liew Z, Moore SE, Morales-Berstein F, Nabwera HM, Nadjm B, Pasricha SR, Scheelbeek P, Silver MJ, Teh MR, Prentice AM. The Role of Nutrition in COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity of Disease: A Systematic Review. J Nutr 2021;151:1854-1878. [PMID: 33982105 PMCID: PMC8194602 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Many nutrients have powerful immunomodulatory actions with the potential to alter susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, progression to symptoms, likelihood of severe disease, and survival.

OBJECTIVE

The aim was to review the latest evidence on how malnutrition across all its forms (under- and overnutrition and micronutrient status) may influence both susceptibility to, and progression of, COVID-19.

METHODS

We synthesized information on 13 nutrition-related components and their potential interactions with COVID-19: overweight, obesity, and diabetes; protein-energy malnutrition; anemia; vitamins A, C, D, and E; PUFAs; iron; selenium; zinc; antioxidants; and nutritional support. For each section we provide: 1) a landscape review of pertinent material; 2) a systematic search of the literature in PubMed and EMBASE databases, including a wide range of preprint servers; and 3) a screen of 6 clinical trial registries. All original research was considered, without restriction to study design, and included if it covered: 1) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (CoV) 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), or SARS-CoV viruses and 2) disease susceptibility or 3) disease progression, and 4) the nutritional component of interest. Searches took place between 16 May and 11 August 2020.

RESULTS

Across the 13 searches, 2732 articles from PubMed and EMBASE, 4164 articles from the preprint servers, and 433 trials were returned. In the final narrative synthesis, we include 22 published articles, 38 preprint articles, and 79 trials.

CONCLUSIONS

Currently there is limited evidence that high-dose supplements of micronutrients will either prevent severe disease or speed up recovery. However, results of clinical trials are eagerly awaited. Given the known impacts of all forms of malnutrition on the immune system, public health strategies to reduce micronutrient deficiencies and undernutrition remain of critical importance. Furthermore, there is strong evidence that prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes will reduce the risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes. This review is registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020186194.

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Affiliation(s)

Philip T James Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Zakari Ali Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
Andrew E Armitage MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Ana Bonell Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
Carla Cerami Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
Hal Drakesmith MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Modou Jobe Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
Kerry S Jones National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Zara Liew Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Sophie E Moore Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
Fernanda Morales-Berstein Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Helen M Nabwera Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Behzad Nadjm Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
Sant-Rayn Pasricha Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
Pauline Scheelbeek Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Matt J Silver MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Megan R Teh MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Andrew M Prentice Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia

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Crafa A, Cannarella R, Condorelli RA, Mongioì LM, Barbagallo F, Aversa A, La Vignera S, Calogero AE. Influence of 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol levels on SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2021;37:100967. [PMID: 34179737 PMCID: PMC8215557 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), a respiratory infection that, starting from December 2019, has spread around the world in a few months, becoming a pandemic. The lack of initial knowledge on its management has led to a great effort in developing vaccines and in finding therapeutic weapons capable of improving the clinical outcome of the affected patients. In particular, the possible role of vitamin D status in the management of COVID-19 has been widely analysed, resulting in a great amount of data. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess whether hypovitaminosis D is a risk factor for developing SARS-CoV-2 infection and whether it affects the worsening of the clinical course of COVID-19.

METHODS

Data were extracted through extensive searches in the Pubmed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Academic One Files, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases from December 2019 to January 2021, using the keywords: "Vitamin D", "25 hydroxy Vitamin D", "25 hydroxycholecalciferol", "cholecalciferol", "COVID 19″, "SARS-CoV-2″. We included observational cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies that evaluated differences in serum levels of 25‑hydroxy-cholecalciferol [25(OH)D] in patients who were positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2, in patients with mild or severe forms of COVID-19, and in patients who died or were discharged from the hospital. Finally, studies that evaluated the risk of developing severe illness or death in patients with vitamin D deficiency (VDD), defined as levels of 25(OH)D <20 ng/ml, were also included. We calculated the mean difference (MD) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) for quantitative variables such as 25(OH)D levels in patients with or without SARS-CoV-2 infection, in those with mild vs. severe COVID-19, or those who have died vs. those who have been discharged. Instead, we calculated odds ratios and 95% CI for qualitative ones, such as the number of patients with severe illness/death in the presence of VDD vs. those with normal serum 25(OH)D levels. A p-value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021241473).

FINDINGS

Out of 662 records, 30 articles met inclusion criteria and, therefore, were included in the meta-analysis. We found that the serum levels of 25(OH)D were significantly lower in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection than in negative ones [MD -3.99 (-5.34, -2.64); p <0.00001; I2= 95%]. Furthermore, its levels were significantly lower in patients with severe disease [MD -6.88 (-9.74, -4.03); p <0.00001; I2=98%] and in those who died of COVID-19 [MD -8.01 (-12.50, -3.51); p = 0.0005; I2=86%]. Finally, patients with VDD had an increased risk of developing severe disease [OR 4.58 (2.24, 9.35); p <0.0001; I2=84%] but not a fatal outcome [OR 4.92 (0.83, 29.31); p = 0.08; I2=94%].

INTERPRETATION

This meta-analysis revealed a large heterogeneity of the studies included due to the different enrolment criteria of patient samples (age, body mass index, ethnicity, comorbidities), the country where they live, all factors influencing serum 25(OH)D levels, and the different criteria used to define the severity of COVID-19. Furthermore, the observational nature of these studies does not allow to establish a cause-effect relationship, even taking into account that 25(OH)D represents a marker of acute inflammation. Treatment with vitamin D might be considered for the primary prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the management of patients with COVID-19. However, further intervention studies are needed to prove this hypothesis.

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Singh S, Nimavat N, Kumar Singh A, Ahmad S, Sinha N. Prevalence of Low Level of Vitamin D Among COVID-19 Patients and Associated Risk Factors in India - A Hospital-Based Study. Int J Gen Med 2021;14:2523-2531. [PMID: 34163220 PMCID: PMC8214516 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s309003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open

Sánchez-Zuno GA, González-Estevez G, Matuz-Flores MG, Macedo-Ojeda G, Hernández-Bello J, Mora-Mora JC, Pérez-Guerrero EE, García-Chagollán M, Vega-Magaña N, Turrubiates-Hernández FJ, Machado-Sulbaran AC, Muñoz-Valle JF. Vitamin D Levels in COVID-19 Outpatients from Western Mexico: Clinical Correlation and Effect of Its Supplementation. J Clin Med 2021;10:2378. [PMID: 34071293 PMCID: PMC8198869 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open

Affiliation(s)

Gabriela Athziri Sánchez-Zuno Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.)
Guillermo González-Estevez Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.) COVID-19 Situation Room (Analysis Group), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
Mónica Guadalupe Matuz-Flores Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.)
Gabriela Macedo-Ojeda Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.) COVID-19 Situation Room (Analysis Group), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
Jorge Hernández-Bello Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.) COVID-19 Situation Room (Analysis Group), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
Jesús Carlos Mora-Mora Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Emerging and Reemerging Diseases (LaDEER), University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
Edsaúl Emilio Pérez-Guerrero Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.)
Mariel García-Chagollán Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.)
Natali Vega-Magaña Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.) Laboratory for the Diagnosis of Emerging and Reemerging Diseases (LaDEER), University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
Francisco Javier Turrubiates-Hernández Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.)
Andrea Carolina Machado-Sulbaran Institute for Research in Childhood and Adolescent Cancer (INICIA), Department of Human Reproduction, Child Growth and Development Clinics, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
José Francisco Muñoz-Valle Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (G.A.S.-Z.); (G.G.-E.); (M.G.M.-F.); (G.M.-O.); (J.H.-B.); (E.E.P.-G.); (M.G.-C.); (N.V.-M.); (F.J.T.-H.) COVID-19 Situation Room (Analysis Group), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico

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Shah K, Saxena D, Mavalankar D. Vitamin D supplementation, COVID-19 and disease severity: a meta-analysis. QJM 2021;114:175-181. [PMID: 33486522 PMCID: PMC7928587 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open

Sergi CM. Vitamin D and Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: A Topic to Be Further Explored. APPLIED SCIENCES 2021;11:3818. [DOI: 10.3390/app11093818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2024]

Non-Musculoskeletal Benefits of Vitamin D beyond the Musculoskeletal System. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22:ijms22042128. [PMID: 33669918 PMCID: PMC7924658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open