|
1
|
Messaad CE, Belhadj H. Nbeg, a Neglected Functional Fruit from Sedra (Ziziphus lotus L.) : A Mini Review. J Med Food 2025; 28:340-353. [PMID: 39778899 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2024.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Ziziphus lotus L., or "Sedra" in North Africa, is a wild jujube from the Rhamnaceae family. Its fruit, "Nbeg," is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments, such as tuberculosis, bronchitis, liver disorders, and gastrointestinal issues. This mini review highlights the main nutritional and medicinal properties of Nbeg and its potential application in human health and nutrition. Current scientific articles have recommended the use of Z. lotus-derived compounds to generate novel treatments due to their diverse biological functions (anti-ulcer, wound healing, litholytic, and antispasmodic effects). Z. lotus appears to be a good source for antioxidant compounds (phenolics and flavonoids, which are a diverse group of natural compounds belonging to the polyphenol family) and nutritional molecules (carbohydrates, amino acids, triacylglycerol, proteins, sterols, fibers, vitamins, lipids, and minerals), which made it a viable option for human nutrition and health promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chemes ElHouda Messaad
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University Ferhat Abbes Sétif 1, Sétif, Algeria
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnological Techniques for the Valuation of Plant Resources (BTB_VRV), Faculty of Science, SNV Department, Mohamed Boudiaf University, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Hani Belhadj
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University Ferhat Abbes Sétif 1, Sétif, Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Alla C, Ali A, Mehiou A, Salhi Y, Bouanani N, Legssyer A, Ziyyat A. Phytochemical Composition of Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam and Its Impact on the Metabolic Syndrome: A Review. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2025; 2025:8276090. [PMID: 40035065 PMCID: PMC11873318 DOI: 10.1155/adpp/8276090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
The long-term pathological state known as metabolic syndrome is characterized by hypertension, insulin resistance diabetes, abdominal obesity, and hyperlipidemia. Seeking healthcare strategies with fewer side effects, such as herbal remedies, is preferable in terms of mitigating the negative consequences of synthetic medications. Ziziphus lotus (L.) (Rhamnaceae) or wild jujube, commonly known as "Sedra," is one of the best choices as it contains a variety of phytochemicals and biologically active compounds. Several flavonoids and stilbenes have been recognized as the primary bioactive components in wild jujube, including rutin, hyperin, isoquercitrin, and resveratrol. These polyphenols are pharmacologically active and have broad-spectrum beneficial effects for reducing the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. They exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, regulate lipid metabolism, and possess antiobesity, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic characteristics. However, there are certain limitations to their therapeutic application, such as low bioavailability. Various strategies have been proposed to enhance their pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic potential for future use. The main goal of this review is to explore the underlying mechanisms related to the therapeutic effects of wild jujube and its active compounds in the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaimae Alla
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Amanat Ali
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Afaf Mehiou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Youssra Salhi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Nourelhouda Bouanani
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abdelkhaleq Legssyer
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Ziyyat
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Shah AH, Khan A, Khan N, Jannat S, Alarjan KM, Elshikh MS, Afareen A, Hameed H. Synergistic Phytochemical and Nanotechnological Exploration of Melia azedarach With Silver Nitrate: Elucidating Multifaceted Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Insecticidal Potentials. Microsc Res Tech 2025; 88:542-554. [PMID: 39479799 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2025]
Abstract
Plants are a rich source of bioactive compounds with significant pharmaceutical and health applications. This study explores the phytochemical, therapeutic, and phytotoxic properties of Melia azedarach by analyzing extracts from its bark, flowers, leaves, and fruits using six solvents: ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, chloroform, and distilled water. Twenty-one phytochemical tests were conducted, revealing significantly positive results for various tests. However, the ethanolic and methanolic flower extracts yielded no significant results in other tests. The highest total phenolic content was found in the chloroform extract of the leaves (96 ± 0.01 mg/100 g), and the highest antioxidant activity was observed in the ethanolic and hexane leaf extracts, with a 98% DPPH scavenging rate. Antibacterial testing showed significant efficacy against Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis, Kluyvera spp., and Pseudomonas spp., with p values < 0.0001. The fruit chloroform extract demonstrated the highest alpha-amylase inhibition (93 ± 0.05), while the ethanolic leaf extract had the greatest tumor inhibition (85.6 ± 0.5). Insecticidal assays revealed that the acetone bark extract had the highest control values (56% and 57%). Due to their higher reducing potential, the leaves were used to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, EDX, and SEM, revealing an average particle size of 20-30 nm and spherical morphology. The AgNPs exhibited excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and insecticidal activities. These findings highlight the potential of M. azedarach and its AgNPs for developing novel therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asad Husain Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Ameena Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Neelam Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Sammyia Jannat
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Khaloud Mohammed Alarjan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afshan Afareen
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Hajra Hameed
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Khalil M, Abdallah H, Calasso M, Khalil N, Daher A, Missaoui J, Diab F, Zeaiter L, Vergani L, Di Ciaula A, Portincasa P. Herbal Medicine in Three Different Mediterranean Living Areas During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Polyphenolic-Rich Thyme-like Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:3340. [PMID: 39683135 PMCID: PMC11644039 DOI: 10.3390/plants13233340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024]
Abstract
Despite herbal medicine being popular across the Mediterranean basin, there is no evidence in favor of COVID-19 infection. This study investigates the utilization and effects of medicinal plants in Italy, Lebanon, and Tunisia during COVID-19 and its effects on post-COVID-19 pandemics. We used a tailored, web-based "Google Form" questionnaire with the random sampling method. We gathered 812 complete responses (Italy: 116, Lebanon: 557, and Tunisia: 139), revealing diverse demographics and symptom experiences. Fatigue prevailed across all groups (89.0-94.2%), while psychological impacts ranged from 20.1% to 30.9%, with higher rates in Lebanon. Post-COVID-19 symptoms affected 22.4% (Italy), 48.8% (Lebanon), and 31.7% (Tunisia). General use of herbs was consistent (41.4-50.4%), with 23.3% (Italy), 50.2% (Lebanon), and 65.5% (Tunisia) employing herbs for COVID-19 therapy. Notably, in Lebanon, Za'atar, a thyme-like plant, correlated with reduced symptoms, suggesting potential protective effects that are likely due to its polyphenol richness. This study underscores the persistent reliance on traditional medicinal plants remedies in the Mediterranean area, with regional variations. Further exploration of herbal compounds for COVID-19-like symptoms is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (H.A.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Hala Abdallah
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (H.A.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Maria Calasso
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Nour Khalil
- Rammal Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Al-Hadath Campus, Beirut 1003, Lebanon; (N.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Ahmad Daher
- Rammal Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Al-Hadath Campus, Beirut 1003, Lebanon; (N.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Jihen Missaoui
- Research Laboratory of BIORESSOURCES—Integrative Biology & Valorisation BIOLIVAL (LR14 ES06) at ISBM, Monastir 5000, Tunisia;
| | - Farah Diab
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.D.); (L.Z.); (L.V.)
| | - Lama Zeaiter
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.D.); (L.Z.); (L.V.)
| | - Laura Vergani
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.D.); (L.Z.); (L.V.)
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (H.A.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (H.A.); (A.D.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Amtaghri S, Slaoui M, Eddouks M. Phytomedical compounds as promising therapeutic agents for COVID-19 targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: a review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024; 76:1239-1268. [PMID: 39018169 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present review was to highlight natural product investigations in silico and in vitro to find plants and chemicals that inhibit or stimulate angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). BACKGROUND The global reduction of incidents and fatalities attributable to infections with SARS-CoV-2 is one of the most public health problems. In the absence of specific therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), phytocompounds generated from plant extracts may be a promising strategy worth further investigation, motivating researchers to evaluate the safety and anti-SARS-CoV-2 effectiveness of these ingredients. OBJECTIVE To review phytochemicals in silico for anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and to assess their safety and effectiveness in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The present review was conducted using various scientific databases and studies on anti-SARS-CoV-2 phytochemicals were analyzed and summarized. The results obtained from the in silico screening were subjected to extraction, isolation, and purification. The in vitro studies on anti-SarcoV-2 were also included in this review. In addition, the results of this research were interpreted, analyzed, and documented on the basis of the bibliographic information obtained. RESULTS This review discusses recent research on using natural remedies to cure or prevent COVID-19 infection. The literature analysis shows that the various herbal preparations (extracts) and purified compounds can block the replication or entrance of the virus directly to carry out their anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects. It is interesting to note that certain items can prevent SARS-CoV-2 from infecting human cells by blocking the ACE-2 receptor or the serine protease TMPRRS2. Moreover, natural substances have been demonstrated to block proteins involved in the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, such as papain- or chymotrypsin-like proteases. CONCLUSION The natural products may have the potential for use singly or in combination as alternative drugs to treat/prevent COVID-19 infection, including blocking or stimulating ACE-2. In addition, their structures may provide indications for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smail Amtaghri
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
- Energy, Materials and Sustainable Development (EMDD) Team-Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Miloudia Slaoui
- Energy, Materials and Sustainable Development (EMDD) Team-Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Bencheikh N, Radi FZ, Fakchich J, Elbouzidi A, Ouahhoud S, Ouasti M, Bouhrim M, Ouasti I, Hano C, Elachouri M. Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical, Toxicological, and Pharmacological Properties of Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam.: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:575. [PMID: 37111332 PMCID: PMC10142143 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam. (Rhamnaceae) is a plant species found across the Mediterranean area. This comprehensive overview aims to summarize the botanical description and ethnobotanical uses of Z. lotus and its phytochemical compounds derived with recent updates on its pharmacological and toxicological properties. The data were collected from electronic databases including the Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Google Scholars. It can be seen from the literature that Z. lotus is traditionally used to treat and prevent several diseases including diabetes, digestive problems, urinary tract problems, infectious diseases, cardiovascular disorders, neurological diseases, and dermal problems. The extracts of Z. lotus demonstrated several pharmacological properties in vitro and in vivo such as antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-oxidant, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic, anti-proliferative, anti-spasmodic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects. The phytochemical characterization of Z. lotus extracts revealed the presence of over 181 bioactive compounds including terpenoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and fatty acids. Toxicity studies on Z. lotus showed that extracts from this plant are safe and free from toxicity. Thus, further research is needed to establish a possible relationship between traditional uses, plant chemistry, and pharmacological properties. Furthermore, Z. lotus is quite promising as a medicinal agent, so further clinical trials should be conducted to prove its efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Bencheikh
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zahrae Radi
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco
| | - Jamila Fakchich
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Sabir Ouahhoud
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ouasti
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Team of Functional and Pathological Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Beni Mellal, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni-Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Imane Ouasti
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, Campus Eure et Loir, Orleans University, 28000 Chartres, France
| | - Mostafa Elachouri
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Basheti IA, Barqawi H, Nassar RI, Thiab S, Atatreh N, Abu-Gharbieh E. The Effects of Medications and the Roles of Pharmacists on the Recovery of Patients with COVID-19 Infection: An Epidemiological Study from the United Arab Emirates. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040467. [PMID: 36833001 PMCID: PMC9957395 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients infected with coronavirus have new experiences and hence new needs from the healthcare sector. Acknowledging patients' experiences can exhibit promising outcomes in coronavirus management. Pharmacists are considered a vital pillar in managing patients' experiences during their infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the experiences of COVID-19-infected individuals and the roles of pharmacists in the United Arab Emirates. The survey was face- and content-validated after being developed. Three sections were included in the survey (demographics, experiences of infected individuals, and the roles of pharmacists). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The study participants (n = 509) had a mean age of 34.50 (SD = 11.93). The most reported symptoms among participants were fatigue (81.5%), fever (76.8%), headache (76.6%), dry cough (74.1%), muscle or joint pain (70.7%), and sore throat (68.6%). Vitamin C was the most used supplement (88.6%), followed by pain relievers (78.2%). Female gender was the only factor associated with symptom severity. About 79.0% agreed that the pharmacist played an important and effective role during their infection. The most reported symptom was fatigue, with females reporting more severe symptoms. The role of the pharmacist proved to be vital during this pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman A. Basheti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +962-6560-9999 (ext. 1510) or +962-79770-8060
| | - Hiba Barqawi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Razan I. Nassar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Samar Thiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Noor Atatreh
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 64141, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Al-Hatamleh MAI, Hatmal MM, Mustafa SHF, Alzu’bi M, AlSou’b AF, Abughanam SNS, Olaimat AN, Kateeb ET, Mohamud R. Experiences and perceptions of COVID-19 infection and vaccination among Palestinian refugees in Jerash camp and Jordanian citizens: a comparative cross-sectional study by face-to-face interviews. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:123. [PMID: 36510264 PMCID: PMC9744667 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-01047-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 vaccination, the access to vaccines has been unequal among countries and individuals, for example low-income countries displayed significant low levels of vaccination. Furthermore, most refugees are living in developing low-income countries which struggling to access the essential health-care services including vaccination. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the experiences and perceptions of COVID-19 infection and vaccination among Palestine refugees in Jerash camp compared to resident Jordanian citizens. METHODS A face-to-face interview-based comparative cross-sectional study was carried out among Palestine refugees in Jerash camp located in northern Jordan and Jordanian citizens from different cities in Jordan from October, 2021 to March, 2022. A Chi-square test was used to determine the differences in the experiences and perceptions of COVID-19 infection and vaccination between Palestinian refugees and resident Jordanian citizens. Logistic regression analysis was performed to predict factors associated with the beliefs, barriers and hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines. RESULTS The total number of participants was 992, with 501 (50.5%) Palestinian refugees and 491 (49.5%) Jordanian citizens. Most participants (64.1%) who have never been tested for COVID-19 were from the refugees (P < 0.001), whereas about 80.3% of the participants tested for COVID-19 at private healthcare institutions were citizens (P < 0.001). While 70.0% of the participants who tested positive for COVID-19 (n = 303) were from the refugees (P < 0.001). Compared to the citizens, the refugees had significantly lower levels of beliefs about the safety (P = 0.008) and efficiency (P < 0.001) of COVID-19 vaccines. They also had lower rates of vaccine hesitancy (P = 0.002) and vaccine uptake (P < 0.001), and a higher rate of facing difficulties during registration for COVID-19 vaccination (P < 0.001). Furthermore, refugees have more negative attitudes toward the importance and implementation of COVID-19 precautionary activities, including wearing face masks, practicing social distancing and following proper prevention hygiene compared to citizens (P < 0.001). The regression analysis showed that gender (P < 0.001), age (P < 0.001) and level of education (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Also, being a refugee (P < 0.001) and being a male (P = 0.012) were significantly associated with facing more difficulties upon the registration to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that, compared to citizens, refugees had lower attitudes and practices toward COVID-19 infection and vaccination. They also had and a lower rate of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake with limited access to vaccines. Government sectors and non-government organizations should implement policies and regulations to raise the awareness of refugees towards COVID-19 infection, testing, preventive measures, and the safety and efficacy of vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. I. Al-Hatamleh
- grid.11875.3a0000 0001 2294 3534Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, 16150 Malaysia
| | - Ma’mon M. Hatmal
- grid.33801.390000 0004 0528 1681Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, 13133 Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Sulaf H. F. Mustafa
- grid.9670.80000 0001 2174 4509Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, 11942 Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alzu’bi
- grid.33801.390000 0004 0528 1681Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, 13133 P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ali F. AlSou’b
- grid.443749.90000 0004 0623 1491Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, 19117 Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Shahed N. S. Abughanam
- grid.440897.60000 0001 0686 6540Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, 61710 Karak, Jordan
| | - Amin N. Olaimat
- grid.33801.390000 0004 0528 1681Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, 13133 Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Elham T. Kateeb
- grid.16662.350000 0001 2298 706XOral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Quds University, P.O. Box 51000 Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- grid.11875.3a0000 0001 2294 3534Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, 16150 Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Arrout A, El Ghallab Y, El Otmani IS, Said AAH. Ethnopharmacological survey of plants prescribed by herbalists for traditional treatment of hypercholesterolemia in Casablanca, Morocco. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
|
10
|
Nasir Ahmed M, Hughes K. Role of ethno-phytomedicine knowledge in healthcare of COVID-19: advances in traditional phytomedicine perspective. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022; 11:96. [PMID: 35966214 PMCID: PMC9362587 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus, ethnomedicinal plants have been used in diverse geographical locations for their purported prophylactic and pharmacological effects. Medicinal plants have been relied on by people around the globe for centuries, as 80% of the world’s population rely on herbal medicines for some aspect of their primary health care needs, according to the World Health Organization.
Main body This review portrays advances in traditional phytomedicine by bridging the knowledge of ethno-phytomedicine and COVID-19 healthcare. Ethnomedicinal plants have been used for symptoms related to COVID-19 as antiviral, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antipyretic, and lung–gut immune boosters. Traditionally used medicinal plants have the ability to inhibit virus entry and viral assembly, bind to spike proteins, membrane proteins, and block viral replications and enzymes. The efficacy of traditional medicinal plants in the terms of COVID-19 management can be evaluated by in vitro, in vivo as well as different in silico techniques (molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, machine learning, etc.) which have been applied extensively to the quest and design of effective biotherapeutics rapidly. Other advances in traditional phytomedicines against COVID-19 are controlled clinical trials, and notably the roles in the gut microbiome. Targeting the gut microbiome via medicinal plants as prebiotics is also found to be an alternative and potential strategy in the search for a COVID-19 combat strategy. Conclusions Since medicinal plants are the sources of modern biotherapeutics development, it is essential to build collaborations among ethnobotanists, scientists, and technologists toward developing the most efficient and the safest adjuvant therapeutics against the pandemic of the twenty-first century, COVID-19.
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Laaribya S, Alaoui A, Azmi R. Contribution to the identification of medicinal plants used against COVID-19 in North-West Morocco. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.15421/022244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects humans, who are now developing a milder form of the illness. In addition to the use of available drugs, the local populations in Morocco used medicinal plants during the pandemic. The current study aimed to document and to research the level of use of traditional medicine using plants in Morocco. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted on the perceptions and level of use of plants through a case study in North-West Morocco. The methodology is based on targeted surveys, from April to September 2021, of households that have had cases if nfection with COVID-19. Five hundred surveys were randomly and systematically distributed in the study area to highlight the medicinal use of plants to treat COVID-19 and its consequences for health and well-being. The results showed the attachment of the populations to traditional medicine with the use of plants available in the study area (local forest area and herbalists). The 23 species used by the populations in question against COVD-19 belong to 12 families. The analysis shows the dominance of the Lamiaceae family with nine species, followed by Asteraceae with three species. The Lamiaceae family have proven marked performance in the fight against COVID-19. The results obtained offer orientations for the enhancement of the beneficial effects of traditional medicine and clinical trials remain to be carried out. The current results highlight that flora can be a source for the discovery of medicinal agents active against COVID-19.
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Arundina I, Frimayanti N, Surboyo MDC, Budhy TI, Iskandar B, Pradana A, Rahmaputry T. In Silico Study of Liquid Smoke Rice Husk against COVID-19. Eur J Dent 2022. [PMID: 36075262 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Liquid smoke rice husk has been researched and proved to consist of antibacterial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and growth factor stimulatory properties. By these complex properties, the liquid smoke rice hull is able to purpose as a novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inhibitor. The research was conducted to analyze the role of the dominant compound in rice husk liquid smoke against one of the main proteases in complex with inhibitor N3 of COVID-19 and 6LU7 protein data bank (PDB) ID. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2020.0901 (Chemical computing group) was used to analyzed the interaction. The molecular structure test, including phenol, mequinol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 6-octadecenoic acid, oleic acid, 9-cctadecenoic acid, was chosen. The lopinavir as positive control and 6LU7 as COVID-19 protein were chosen. All the protein analyses were conducted using docking molecular. RESULT The phenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, mequinol and 9-octadecenoic acid have higher binding free energy that causes difficult to bind to the active site of protein 6LU7 (-3.4758, -3.5509, -3.6845, and -5.0173 kcal/mol, respectively). The minor component of liquid smoke, such as 6-octadecenoic acid and oleic acid, has the binding free energy (-5,5327 and -5,4208 kcal/mol) and more factor of binding presumably as active COVID-19 inhibitor. CONCLUSION The liquid smoke rice husk has active component like 6-octadecenoic acid and oleic acid are presumably as active COVID-19 inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ira Arundina
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Meircurius D C Surboyo
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Theresia I Budhy
- Department of Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Benni Iskandar
- Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia.,School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Arya Pradana
- Bachelor Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Tytania Rahmaputry
- Bachelor Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Phytotherapy and Dietotherapy of COVID-19—An Online Survey Results from Central Part of Balkan Peninsula. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091678. [PMID: 36141290 PMCID: PMC9498599 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the appearance of the novel coronavirus disease of 2019—COVID-19, various therapeutic approaches were attempted, with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) taking an important place. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of CAM with the purpose of prevention or treatment of COVID-19 during the pandemics. A prospective, cross-sectional study, in the form of an on-line survey was conducted. A total of 1704 responses were collected. Among the respondents, 2.76% declared currently and 22.12% previously having COVID-19. Approximately one quarter of interviewees (23.24%) declared themselves as phytotherapy users. The most frequently used medicinal plants were garlic, ginger and chamomile. The majority of respondents stated that they expected positive effects on immune and respiratory system. Medicinal plants were frequently used, on a daily basis. The main sources of information for applied self-medication were populistic thematic literature, followed by the Internet. Approximately one-third of phytotherapy users (35.25%) consulted with a medical professional before the application of phytotherapy. Regarding dietotherapy, 41.14% of respondents reported using non-herbal dietary supplements, while only 7.16% reported specific diet. The presented results suggest that CAM is recognized and readily used as a potential alternative and complementary regimen in the fight against COVID-19.
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Chaachouay N, Azeroual A, Bencharki B, Zidane L. Herbal medicine used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the Rif, North of Morocco. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:921918. [PMID: 36034811 PMCID: PMC9404501 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.921918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Since the dawn of time, Moroccans have used medicinal plants as a popular remedy to treat a wide range of human and cattle health issues. Nonetheless, very little research has been conducted in the past to record and disseminate indigenous ethnopharmacological knowledge adequately. This study was conducted in the Rif and attempted to identify medicinal plants used by indigenous people to treat cardiovascular problems and the ethnomedicinal knowledge linked with them. Methods: The ethnobotanical study was carried out in the Moroccan Rif area over 2 years, from 2016 to 2018. We questioned 520 traditional herbalists and consumers of these herbs in total. The gathered data were examined and contrasted using quantitative ethnobotanical indicators such as family importance value (FIV), the relative frequency of citation (RFC), plant part value (PPV), fidelity level (FL), and informant consensus factor (ICF). Results: The findings analysis revealed the presence of 33 plant species classified into 20 families, with the Poaceae dominating (7 species). Regarding disorders treated, the category of cardiac arrhythmias has the greatest ICF (0.98). The study discovered that the leaves were the most often utilized portion of the plants (PPV = 0.353) and that the most frequently used preparation was a decoction (31%). Conclusions: The current study’s findings revealed the presence of indigenous ethnomedicinal knowledge of medicinal plants in the Moroccan Rif to treat cardiovascular illnesses. Further phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological investigations should be conducted to identify novel drugs from these documented medicinal plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Chaachouay
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory in the Sciences, Education, and Training Indian Railways Institute Of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications (IRLSET), Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Noureddine Chaachouay,
| | - Abdelhamid Azeroual
- Agri-Food and Health Laboratory (AFHL), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Settat, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco
| | - Bouchaib Bencharki
- Agri-Food and Health Laboratory (AFHL), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Settat, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco
| | - Lahcen Zidane
- Plant, Animal Productions and Agro-industry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Sahu T, Pande B, Pl M, Verma HK. Liver dysfunction during COVID-19 pandemic: Contributing role of associated factors in disease progression and severity. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1099-1110. [PMID: 35978661 PMCID: PMC9258249 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i6.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, a new strain of coronavirus was discovered in China, and the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic in March 2020. The majority of people with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) exhibit no or only mild symptoms such as fever, cough, anosmia, and headache. Meanwhile, approximately 15% develop a severe lung infection over the course of 10 d, resulting in respiratory failure, which can lead to multi-organ failure, coagulopathy, and death. Since the beginning of the pandemic, it appears that there has been consideration that pre-existing chronic liver disease may predispose to deprived consequences in conjunction with COVID-19. Furthermore, extensive liver damage has been linked to immune dysfunction and coagulopathy, which leads to a more severe COVID-19 outcome. Besides that, people with COVID-19 frequently have abnormal liver function, with more significant elevations in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in patients with severe COVID-19 compared to those with mild/moderate disease. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the liver, as well as the use of liver chemistry as a prognostic tool during COVID-19. We also evaluate the findings for viral infection of hepatocytes, and look into the potential mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2-related liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Sahu
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur 492001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Babita Pande
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur 492001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Manasa Pl
- Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Munich 85764, Bavaria, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Bastani S, Vahedian V, Rashidi M, Mir A, Mirzaei S, Alipourfard I, Pouremamali F, Nejabati H, Kadkhoda J, Maroufi NF, Akbarzadeh M. An evaluation on potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Crocin. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113297. [PMID: 35738178 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Crocin, an active ingredient derived from saffron, is one of the herbal components that has recently been considered by researchers. Crocin has been shown to have many anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and therefore can be used to treat various diseases. It has been shown that Crocin has a positive effect on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and kidney disease. In addition, the role of this substance in COVID-19 pandemic has been identified. In this review article, we tried to have a comprehensive review of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Crocin in different diseases and different tissues. In conclusion, Crocin may be helpful in pathological conditions that are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Bastani
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Vahedian
- Cancer Biology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine Institute of Biotechnology (FMB-IBTEC) Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Mir
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Institutitue of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection - Faculty of Natural Sciences - University of Silesia - Katowice - Poland
| | - Farhad Pouremamali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamileh Kadkhoda
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Fathi Maroufi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
|
17
|
da Silva MG, Pereira PMB, Portela WF, Daros GC, Barbosa CRDA, Vanassi BM, Parma GOC, de Bitencourt RM, Iser BPM. Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Indigenous Populations in Brazil. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2022; 9:960-966. [PMID: 33844167 PMCID: PMC8040762 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to social and geographical isolation, indigenous people are more vulnerable to adverse conditions; however, there is a lack of data on the epidemics' impact on these populations. Thus, this article's objective was to describe the epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in indigenous communities in Brazil. METHODS This descriptive observational study was carried out in indigenous communities in the municipality of Amaturá (Amazonas, Brazil). Individuals from the Alto Rio Solimões Special Indigenous Sanitary District (DSEI) who met the Sars-Cov-2 infection case definitions during the period between January and August 2020 were included. For case notification, the definitions adopted by the Ministry of Health of Brazil and by the Special Secretariat for Indigenous Health were considered. RESULTS Out of the entire population served by the Alto Rio Solimões DSEI (n = 2890), 109 indigenous people were suspected of having been infected with Sars-Cov-R during the study period; a total of 89 cases were actually confirmed (rate: 3.08 cases/100,000 inhabitants). Most patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were female (56.2%), with a mean age of 32.4 (± 23.6) years. Predominant symptoms were fever (76.4%), dry cough (64%), and headache (60.7%). Complications occurred in 7.9% of the patients; no deaths were reported. CONCLUSION These results enhance the observation that indigenous populations, even if relatively isolated, are exposed to COVID-19. The disease cases assessed showed a favorable evolution, which does not mean reducing the need for caring of this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Goulart da Silva
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Pablo Michel Barcelos Pereira
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Alto Rio Solimões Indigenous Special Health District, Tabatinga, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Cabreira Daros
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Muraro Vanassi
- Medical College, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Oscar Cremona Parma
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Geoprocessing Laboratory, University of South Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mariano de Bitencourt
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Betine Pinto Moehlecke Iser
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Kristianto H, Pramesona BA, Rosyad YS, Andriani L, Putri TARK, Rias YA. The effects of beliefs, knowledge, and attitude on herbal medicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Indonesia. F1000Res 2022; 11:483. [PMID: 36415209 PMCID: PMC9647142 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.116496.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Herbal medicines are gaining a greater degree of popularity as complementary and alternative medicines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, there is a lack of data concerning the rationale for and factors influencing their use. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based online study involving 1,621 participants was conducted to explore the effects of magical health beliefs, holistic health beliefs, knowledge, and pro- complementary alternative medicine (CAM) attitudes on herbal medicine use in the Indonesian population. Results: Logistic regression findings showed that knowledge about herbal medicines was independently and positively associated with herbal medicine use to a greater extent than herbal medicine non-use (adjusted odds ratio; AOR = 1.20; 95% confidence interval; CI = 1.16 to 1.24). The participants who used herbal medicines had a greater magical health belief score than herbal medicine non-users, with AOR = 1.03 and 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.06. Moreover, holistic health beliefs and pro-CAM attitudes were also found to be independently associated with herbal medicine use. Conclusion: These findings alert nurses to assess the roles of magical health beliefs, holistic health belief, knowledge, and attitudes toward herbal medicine use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heri Kristianto
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jawa Timur, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Bayu Anggileo Pramesona
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Lampung, 35145, Indonesia
| | - Yafi Sabila Rosyad
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Lili Andriani
- Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Harapan Ibu Jambi, Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
| | - Tri Antika Rizki Kusuma Putri
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Sekolah Tinggi Keperawatan PPNI Jabar, Bandung, Jawa Barat, 40173, Indonesia
| | - Yohanes Andy Rias
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Kediri, Jawa Timur, 64114, Indonesia
- Postdoctoral, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Kristianto H, Pramesona BA, Rosyad YS, Andriani L, Putri TARK, Rias YA. The effects of beliefs, knowledge, and attitude on herbal medicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Indonesia. F1000Res 2022; 11:483. [PMID: 36415209 PMCID: PMC9647142 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.116496.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Herbal medicines are gaining a greater degree of popularity as complementary and alternative medicines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, there is a lack of data concerning the rationale for and factors influencing their use. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based online study involving 1,621 participants was conducted to explore the effects of magical health beliefs, holistic health beliefs, knowledge, and pro- complementary alternative medicine (CAM) attitudes on herbal medicine use in the Indonesian population. Results: Logistic regression findings showed that knowledge about herbal medicines was independently and positively associated with herbal medicine use to a greater extent than herbal medicine non-use (adjusted odds ratio; AOR = 1.20; 95% confidence interval; CI = 1.16 to 1.24). The participants who used herbal medicines had a greater magical health belief score than herbal medicine non-users, with AOR = 1.03 and 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.06. Moreover, holistic health beliefs and pro-CAM attitudes were also found to be independently associated with herbal medicine use. Conclusion: These findings alert nurses to assess the roles of magical health beliefs, holistic health belief, knowledge, and attitudes toward herbal medicine use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heri Kristianto
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jawa Timur, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Bayu Anggileo Pramesona
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Lampung, 35145, Indonesia
| | - Yafi Sabila Rosyad
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Lili Andriani
- Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Harapan Ibu Jambi, Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
| | - Tri Antika Rizki Kusuma Putri
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Sekolah Tinggi Keperawatan PPNI Jabar, Bandung, Jawa Barat, 40173, Indonesia
| | - Yohanes Andy Rias
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Kediri, Jawa Timur, 64114, Indonesia
- Postdoctoral, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
|
20
|
Kristianto H, Pramesona BA, Rosyad YS, Andriani L, Putri TARK, Rias YA. The effects of beliefs, knowledge, and attitude on herbal medicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Indonesia. F1000Res 2022; 11:483. [PMID: 36415209 PMCID: PMC9647142 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.116496.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Herbal medicines are gaining a greater degree of popularity as complementary and alternative medicines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, there is a lack of data concerning the rationale for and factors influencing their use. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based online study involving 1,621 participants was conducted to explore the effects of magical health beliefs, holistic health beliefs, knowledge, and pro- complementary alternative medicine (CAM) attitudes on herbal medicine use in the Indonesian population. Results: Logistic regression findings showed that knowledge about herbal medicines was independently and positively associated with herbal medicine use to a greater extent than herbal medicine non-use (adjusted odds ratio; AOR = 1.20; 95% confidence interval; CI = 1.16 to 1.24). The participants who used herbal medicines had a greater magical health belief score than herbal medicine non-users, with AOR = 1.03 and 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.06. Moreover, holistic health beliefs and pro-CAM attitudes were also found to be independently associated with herbal medicine use. Conclusion: Magical health beliefs, holistic health belief, knowledge, and attitudes are key factor in determining the herbal medicine use. Our findings offer crucial implications for health policymakers to encourage the use of herbal medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heri Kristianto
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jawa Timur, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Bayu Anggileo Pramesona
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Lampung, 35145, Indonesia
| | - Yafi Sabila Rosyad
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Lili Andriani
- Department of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Harapan Ibu Jambi, Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
| | - Tri Antika Rizki Kusuma Putri
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Sekolah Tinggi Keperawatan PPNI Jabar, Bandung, Jawa Barat, 40173, Indonesia
| | - Yohanes Andy Rias
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Kediri, Jawa Timur, 64114, Indonesia
- Postdoctoral, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Liu YX, Zhou YH, Jiang CH, Liu J, Chen DQ. Prevention, treatment and potential mechanism of herbal medicine for Corona viruses: A review. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5480-5508. [PMID: 35184680 PMCID: PMC8973820 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2036521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) virus has become the greatest global public health crisis in recent years,and the COVID-19 epidemic is still continuing. However, due to the lack of effectivetherapeutic drugs, the treatment of corona viruses is facing huge challenges. In thiscontext, countries with a tradition of using herbal medicine such as China have beenwidely using herbal medicine for prevention and nonspecific treatment of corona virusesand achieved good responses. In this review, we will introduce the application of herbalmedicine in the treatment of corona virus patients in China and other countries, andreview the progress of related molecular mechanisms and antiviral activity ingredients ofherbal medicine, in order to provide a reference for herbal medicine in the treatment ofcorona viruses. We found that herbal medicines are used in the prevention and fightagainst COVID-19 in countries on all continents. In China, herbal medicine has beenreported to relieve some of the clinical symptoms of mild patients and shorten the length of hospital stay. However, as most herbal medicines for the clinical treatment of COVID-19still lack rigorous clinical trials, the clinical and economic value of herbal medicines in theprevention and treatment of COVID-19 has not been fully evaluated. Future work basedon large-scale randomized, double-blind clinical trials to evaluate herbal medicines andtheir active ingredients in the treatment of new COVID-19 will be very meaningful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Liu
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-He Zhou
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Chang-Hong Jiang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ding-Qiang Chen
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Elkolli M, Elkolli H. The management of COVID 19 by plant extracts, essential oils and phytoconstituents: A review. ACTA PERIODICA TECHNOLOGICA 2022:188-205. [DOI: 10.2298/apt2253188e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
virus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), it is a virus belonging to the family Coronaviridae
which includes zoonotic viruses infecting mammals and birds. This disease
emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and quickly developed into a
global pandemic with high mortality rates. The magnitude of the pandemic has
involved a global collaborative scientific response to develop effective
preventive and therapeutic means using both traditional and advanced
techniques. However, to date specific therapies for COVID-19 are not well
established and only a few vaccines are approved for emergency use. Herbal
remedies, especially essential oils (EOs) can boost immunity which plays a
decisive role in the initiation and progression of the disease in the
preliminary stage of a COVID-19 infection. The low cost and availability of
medicinal plants as well as the almost non-existent side effects encourages
their widespread use during the pandemic, hence a great need to identify
plant extracts for anti-COVID 19 use. Although the majority of studies are
done in silico, with little in vivo or in vitro study, we can have an idea
for further later experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Elkolli
- Laboratory of applied microbiology. University of Sétif, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Hayet Elkolli
- Laboratory of multiphasic polymeric materials, University of Setif, Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
|
23
|
Kılınç N, Açar M, Tuncay S, Karasakal ÖF. Potential Inhibitors Identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Main Protease from Anatolian Traditional Plants. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180819666211230123145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused a global health catastrophe by affecting the whole human population around the globe. Unfortunately, there is no specific medication or treatment for COVID-19 currently available.
Objective:
It’s extremely necessary to apply effective drug treatment in order to end the pandemic period and return daily life to normal. In terms of the urgency of treatment, rather than focusing on the discovery of novel compounds, it is critical to explore the effects of existing herbal agents with proven antiviral properties on the virus.
Method:
Molecular docking studies were carried out with three different methods, Glide extra precision (XP) docking, Induced Fit docking (IFD), and Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM/GBSA), to determine the potential effects of 58 phytochemicals in the content of Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymbra spicata, Satureja thymbra, and Stachys lavandulifolia plants -have antiviral and antibacterial effects- against Main Protease (Mpro) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) enzymes.
Results:
7 compounds stand out among all molecules by showing very high binding affinities. According to our findings, the substances chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, and rosmanol exhibit extremely significant binding affinities for both Mpro and ACE2 enzymes. Furthermore, it was discovered that carnosic acid and alpha-cadinol showed potential anti-Mpro activity, whereas caffeic acid and carvacrol had promising anti-ACE2 activity.
Conclusion:
Chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, rosmanol, carnosic acid, alpha-cadinol, caffeic acid, and carvacrol compounds have been shown to be powerful anti-SARS-COV-2 agents in docking simulations against Mpro and ACE2 enzymes, as well as ADME investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namık Kılınç
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Service, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Mikail Açar
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Tunceli Vocational School, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Salih Tuncay
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Health Service, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Faruk Karasakal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Service, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
|
24
|
Chaachouay N, Orch H, Zidane L. Cystitis treatment with phytotherapy within the Rif, Northern Morocco. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cystitis is often caused by a bacterial infection, which is the most widespread type among other urinary infections. This investigation was aimed to document detailed ethnobotanical information of medicinal plants used to heal cystitis problems because of their effective therapeutic properties. The study was carried in the Rif, from March 1, 2015, to April 15, 2017. Semi-structured direct interviews were carried with 657 interviewees to collect the indigenous therapeutic knowledge. Surveys included interviewed demographic profile and ethnomedicinal information. UR and MUV were applied in data analysis.
Results
A total of 60 plant species distributed in 51 genera and 31 families were commonly used by our interviewees in the therapy of cystitis. Apiaceae was designed by the highest number of species (7 species); Capparis spinosa L. was the medicinal plant most frequently prescribed by regional people. Leaves were the most commonly used plant part (41.5%), and the majority of herbal remedies were prepared from decoction (55 %).
Conclusions
This research is the first contribution to the ethnobotanical study of this region. It is suggested that the ingredients of natural plant species documented are being investigated to discover the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action. Primary consideration must be paid to the preservation of medicinal species, comprehensive documentation of popular medicinal data, and biological validation of listed species.
Graphical abstract
Collapse
|
|
25
|
Khatib C, Nattouf A, Hasan Agha MI. Traditional medicines and their common uses in central region of Syria: Hama and Homs - an ethnomedicinal survey. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:778-788. [PMID: 34165371 PMCID: PMC8231352 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1936078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Since ancient times, traditional Arabic medicine (TAM) has been used to treat various diseases in Syria. They are cost-effective with fewer side effects and are more suitable for long-term use compared with chemically synthesized medicines. In addition, the scientific importance is manifested, as this survey proceeds, for the purposes of verifying and documenting these traditional medicines and their common uses. OBJECTIVE We conducted ethnobotanical and ethnomedicine research on plants traditionally used to treat various diseases in central region of Syria. METHODS Information was collected from 2019 to 2021 from the cities of Homs and Hama and their villages, which are two governorates located in central Syria, after interviews with traditional practitioners called Attarin, and many other people. Plant specimens were collected according to different references concerning medicinal plants of Syria, to document the traditional uses of plants at least two of the traditional healers and three other people were asked. RESULTS In this survey, we listed 76 medicinal plants belonging to 39 families in alphabetical order with the parts used and the method of preparation according to their therapeutic use, which are used to treat 106 ailments. CONCLUSIONS Many of the uses of medicinal plants mentioned in this survey are still under study. There is no doubt that this study will provide new data that could contribute to further pharmacological discoveries by identifying the active ingredients and their mechanism of effect by doing additional pharmacological work to confirm the alleged biological activities of these plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chadi Khatib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Abdulhakim Nattouf
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
26
|
Rafiqul Islam A, Ferdousi J, Shahinozzaman M. Previously published ethno-pharmacological reports reveal the potentiality of plants and plant-derived products used as traditional home remedies by Bangladeshi COVID-19 patients to combat SARS-CoV-2. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6653-6673. [PMID: 34305428 PMCID: PMC8285211 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several plants have traditionally been used since antiquity to treat various gastroenteritis and respiratory symptoms similar to COVID-19 outcomes. The common symptoms of COVID-19 include fever or chills, cold, cough, flu, headache, diarrhoea, tiredness/fatigue, sore throat, loss of taste or smell, asthma, shortness of breath, or difficulty breathing, etc. This study aims to find out the plants and plant-derived products which are being used by the COVID-19 infected patients in Bangladesh and how those plants are being used for the management of COVID-19 symptoms. In this study, online and partially in-person survey interviews were carried out among Bangladeshi respondents. We selected Bangladeshi COVID-19 patients who were detected Coronavirus positive (+) by RT-PCR nucleic acid test and later recovered. Furthermore, identified plant species from the surveys were thoroughly investigated for safety and efficacy based on the previous ethnomedicinal usage reports. Based on the published data, they were also reviewed for their significant potentialities as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agents. We explored comprehensive information about a total of 26 plant species, belonging to 23 genera and 17 different botanical families, used in COVID-19 treatment as home remedies by the respondents. Most of the plants and plant-derived products were collected directly from the local marketplace. According to our survey results, greatly top 5 cited plant species measured as per the highest RFC value are Camellia sinensis (1.0) > Allium sativum (0.984) > Azadirachta indica (0.966) > Zingiber officinale (0.966) > Syzygium aromaticum (0.943). Previously published ethnomedicinal usage reports, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activity of the concerned plant species also support our results. Thus, the survey and review analysis simultaneously reveals that these reported plants and plant-derived products might be promising candidates for the treatment of COVID-19. Moreover, this study clarifies the reported plants for their safety during COVID-19 management and thereby supporting them to include in any future pre-clinical and clinical investigation for developing herbal COVID-19 therapeutics.
Collapse
Key Words
- BAL, Bronchoalveolar lavage
- BALF, Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
- Bangladesh
- CHO-K1, Wild-type Chinese hamster ovary CHO-K1 cells
- CIK, Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney Cell line
- COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- COVID-19
- CRD, Complex chronic respiratory disease
- CRFK, Crandell-Reese feline kidney cells
- EGCG, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- EPO, Eosinophil peroxidase
- Ethnobotany
- FRhk-4cells, Fetal rhesus monkey kidney cells
- H1N1, Hemagglutinin Type 1 and Neuraminidase Type 1
- HEK293T, Human embryonic kidney cells
- HEp-2 cells, Epithelial cells of human larynx carcinoma
- HLAC, Human lymphoid aggregate cultures
- HeLa, Human epithelial cervical carcinoma cell lines
- Huh-7, Human hepatocyte-derived carcinoma cell line
- IBD, Inflammatory bowel disease
- ICU, Intensive care unit
- IFN‐γ, Interferon‐gamma
- IL, Interleukin
- IgE, Immunoglobulin E
- MARC-145 cells, African green monkey kidney cell line
- MCP-1, Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
- MDCK, Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cell lines
- MEF, Mouse embryonic fibroblast cells
- Medicinal plants
- NF-κB, Nuclear factor-kappaB
- PBMCs, Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
- RT-PCR, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
- SARS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome
- TNF-β, Tumor necrosis factor‐beta
- TNF‐α, Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha
- Th, T-helper
- Traditional home remedies
- VERO cell lines, African green monkey kidney cell lines
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A.T.M. Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, University of Barishal, Barishal 8200, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdousi
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, University of Barishal, Barishal 8200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahinozzaman
- Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
|
27
|
Eze MO, Ejike CECC, Ifeonu P, Mignone J, Udenigwe CC, Uzoegwu PN. Mutual Pan-African support paradigm to produce scientific evidence of traditional medical practices for use against COVID-19 and emerging pandemics. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021; 14:e01046. [PMID: 34805649 PMCID: PMC8594059 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Africa is endowed with a profoundly rich and diverse system of plants and other bio-resources out of which, by traditional medicine practice, the people have satisfied their healthcare needs right from antiquity. In contemporary times, it has become necessary to modernize this traditional medical care system via scientific studies. Validation of the efficacy of health-enhancement products and drugs from plants and other bio-resources is predicated on diligent and intensive research accompanied by rigorous and conclusive clinical trials. Africa has eminently qualified human resources but due to the finance-intensive nature of medical research, individual African states on their own cannot fund the level of research desired for dealing with such serious issues as the COVID-19 pandemic. A collaboration among African states guided by a Mutual Pan-African support paradigm (MPASP) is a unique strategy for achieving success in any such a high-impact global project as the use of traditional medicine against COVID-19 and emerging pandemics; and this is hereby advocated.
Collapse
Key Words
- CAM, conventional and alternative medicine
- CDC, centers for disease control and prevention
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 diseases 2019 [severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 disease 2019]
- COVID-organics
- CWM, conventional western medicine
- MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome
- MPASP, mutual Pan-African support paradigm
- Paradigm
- Research
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2
- SCD, sickle cell disease
- SSHA, South-South humanitarian assistance
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicine
- TM, traditional medicine
- Traditional medicine
- WHO, world health organization
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael O Eze
- Department of Chemistry, Health Enhancement and Public Health Biochemistry Lab, University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9, Canada
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi PMB 1010, Nigeria
| | - Chukwunonso E C C Ejike
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi PMB 1010, Nigeria
| | - Patrick Ifeonu
- National Association of Nigerian Traditional Medicine Practitioners, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
| | - Javier Mignone
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, The University of Manitoba, 307 Human Ecology Building, 35 Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Chibuike C Udenigwe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi PMB 1010, Nigeria
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Peter N Uzoegwu
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
|
28
|
Villena-Tejada M, Vera-Ferchau I, Cardona-Rivero A, Zamalloa-Cornejo R, Quispe-Florez M, Frisancho-Triveño Z, Abarca-Meléndez RC, Alvarez-Sucari SG, Mejia CR, Yañez JA. Use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention and respiratory symptom treatment during the pandemic in Cusco, Peru: A cross-sectional survey. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257165. [PMID: 34550994 PMCID: PMC8457479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru has led to people seeking alternative treatments as preventives and treatment options such as medicinal plants. This study aimed to assess factors associated with the use of medicinal plants as preventive or treatment of respiratory symptom related to COVID-19 during the pandemic in Cusco, Peru. METHOD A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on general public (20- to 70-year-old) from August 31 to September 20, 2020. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire via Google Forms, it consisted of an 11-item questionnaire that was developed and validated by expert judgment using Aiken's V (Aiken's V > 0.9). Both descriptive statistics and bivariate followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with the use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention and respiratory symptom treatment during the pandemic. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and a P-value of 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. RESULTS A total of 1,747 respondents participated in the study, 80.2% reported that they used medicinal plants as preventives, while 71% reported that they used them to treat respiratory symptoms. At least, 24% of respondents used medicinal plants when presenting with two or more respiratory symptoms, while at least 11% used plants for malaise. For treatment or prevention, the multivariate analysis showed that most respondents used eucalyptus (p < 0.001 for both), ginger (p < 0.022 for both), spiked pepper (p < 0.003 for both), garlic (p = 0.023 for prevention), and chamomile (p = 0.011 for treatment). The respondents with COVID-19 (p < 0.001), at older ages (p = 0.046), and with a family member or friend who had COVID-19 (p < 0.001) used more plants for prevention. However, the respondents with technical or higher education used less plants for treatment (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION There was a significant use of medicinal plants for both prevention and treatment, which was associated with several population characteristics and whether respondents had COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magaly Villena-Tejada
- Departamento Académico de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Ingrid Vera-Ferchau
- Departamento Académico de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Anahí Cardona-Rivero
- Departamento Académico de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Rina Zamalloa-Cornejo
- Departamento Académico de Matemáticas y Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Maritza Quispe-Florez
- Departamento Académico de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Zany Frisancho-Triveño
- Departamento Académico de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Rosario C. Abarca-Meléndez
- Escuela Profesional de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Susan G. Alvarez-Sucari
- Escuela Profesional de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | | | - Jaime A. Yañez
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Gerencia Corporativa de Asuntos Científicos y Regulatorios, Teoma Global, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
|
29
|
Chaachouay N, Douira A, Zidane L. Herbal Medicine Used in the Treatment of Human Diseases in the Rif, Northern Morocco. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021; 47:131-153. [PMID: 33842189 PMCID: PMC8024440 DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-05501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since the beginning of time, the Moroccan people have used many medicinal plants as a popular medicine to cure many human and livestock health problems. Yet, few studies have been carried in the past to properly document and promote traditional ethnomedicinal knowledge. This study was conducted out from July 1st, 2016 to July 30th, 2018 in the Rif; it was aimed to establish the list of medicinal plants, together with the association of ethnomedicinal knowledge. The ethnomedicinal data obtained were from 1000 traditional healers using semi-structured discussions, free listing, and focus groups. Family importance value, plant part value, fidelity level, the relative frequency of citation, and informant consensus factor were applied in data interpretation. Plant species were accumulated, and deposited at the Plant, Animal Productions and agro-industry laboratory, Ibn Tofail University. A total of 280 medicinal plants belong to 204 genera and 70 families were documented. Asteraceae with 29 species was the most used family in this study area. Rosmarinus officinalis L. (RFC = 0.189) was the species the most commonly prescribed by local traditional healers. Similarly, the leaf was the most useful part of the plant (PPV = 0.364), the most frequent affections were osteoarticular affections (ICF = 0.983), and the majority of herbal remedies were prepared from a decoction (38.6%). The results of the present investigation confirmed the presence of indigenous ethnomedicinal information of plant species in the Rif’s area to treat various disorders. More investigation on phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological should be considered to determine new drugs from these reported plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Chaachouay
- Higher Education and Training School, Berrechid, University Hassan 1st, 50 Rue Ibnou Lhaytham, B.P. 577, 26002 Settat, Morocco
| | - Allal Douira
- Plant, Animal Productions and Agro-Industry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, B.P. 133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Lahcen Zidane
- Plant, Animal Productions and Agro-Industry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, B.P. 133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
|
30
|
Molecular Basis of the Therapeutical Potential of Clove ( Syzygium aromaticum L.) and Clues to Its Anti-COVID-19 Utility. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071880. [PMID: 33810416 PMCID: PMC8036487 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The current COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection is enormously affecting the worldwide health and economy. In the wait for an effective global immunization, the development of a specific therapeutic protocol to treat COVID-19 patients is clearly necessary as a short-term solution of the problem. Drug repurposing and herbal medicine represent two of the most explored strategies for an anti-COVID-19 drug discovery. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) is a well-known culinary spice that has been used for centuries in folk medicine in many disorders. Interestingly, traditional medicines have used clove since ancient times to treat respiratory ailments, whilst clove ingredients show antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Other interesting features are the clove antithrombotic, immunostimulatory, and antibacterial effects. Thus, in this review, we discuss the potential role of clove in the frame of anti-COVID-19 therapy, focusing on the antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic effects of clove and its molecular constituents described in the scientific literature.
Collapse
|