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Khan MA, Bhusal S, Lau CL, Krupnick AS. Bronchial anastomotic complications as a microvascular disruption in a mouse model of airway transplantation. Front Immunol 2025; 16:1567657. [PMID: 40438113 PMCID: PMC12116303 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1567657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 04/23/2025] [Indexed: 06/01/2025] Open
Abstract
Lung transplantation (LTx) offers a last resort for patients battling end-stage lung disease. Even though short-term survival has improved, these patients still face several long-term challenges, such as chronic rejection and ischemic bronchial anastomosis. In lung transplant recipients, the bronchial anastomosis is prone to complications-such as poor wound healing, necrosis, stenosis, and dehiscence-due to the marginal blood supply at this site. During peri-LTx, hypoxia and ischemia stimulate fibrotic and inflammatory cytokines at anastomotic sites, leading to abnormal collagen production and excessive granulation, which impair wound healing. Despite meticulous techniques, bronchial anastomosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among lung transplant recipients. After LTx, most bronchial complications are attributed to ischemic insult since normal bronchial blood flow is disrupted, and bronchial revascularization usually takes two to four weeks, making the anastomotic bronchial vessels dependent on pulmonary artery circulation. It is clear that hypoxia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix remodeling play critical roles in bronchial complications, but there is no small animal model to study them. In the context of LTx, mouse tracheal models are essential tools for studying bronchial complications, particularly ischemia, fibrosis, and stenosis, as well as evaluating potential therapeutic interventions. A well-established mouse model of orthotopic tracheal transplantation (OTT) mimics the anastomosis of the bronchi and the subsequent microvascular injury, providing a pathological correlation with anastomotic complications. A series of previous studies using the OTT model explored the microvascularization, ischemia-reperfusion, airway epithelial injury, and fibrotic remodeling effects after airway anastomosis. This review describes OTT as a model of airway anastomotic complications, which is crucial for understanding the immunological and molecular pathways as seen in clinical bronchial anastomoses, as well as improving anastomotic healing and reducing complications through targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Liu Y, Sinjab A, Min J, Han G, Paradiso F, Zhang Y, Wang R, Pei G, Dai Y, Liu Y, Cho KS, Dai E, Basi A, Burks JK, Rajapakshe KI, Chu Y, Jiang J, Zhang D, Yan X, Guerrero PA, Serrano A, Li M, Hwang TH, Futreal A, Ajani JA, Solis Soto LM, Jazaeri AA, Kadara H, Maitra A, Wang L. Conserved spatial subtypes and cellular neighborhoods of cancer-associated fibroblasts revealed by single-cell spatial multi-omics. Cancer Cell 2025; 43:905-924.e6. [PMID: 40154487 PMCID: PMC12074878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a multifaceted cell population essential for shaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) and influencing therapy responses. Characterizing the spatial organization and interactions of CAFs within complex tissue environments provides critical insights into tumor biology and immunobiology. In this study, through integrative analyses of over 14 million cells from 10 cancer types across 7 spatial transcriptomics and proteomics platforms, we discover, validate, and characterize four distinct spatial CAF subtypes. These subtypes are conserved across cancer types and independent of spatial omics platforms. Notably, they exhibit distinct spatial organizational patterns, neighboring cell compositions, interaction networks, and transcriptomic profiles. Their abundance and composition vary across tissues, shaping TME characteristics, such as levels, distribution, and state composition of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, tumor immune phenotypes, and patient survival. This study enriches our understanding of CAF spatial heterogeneity in cancer and paves the way for novel approaches to target and modulate CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Liu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ansam Sinjab
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jimin Min
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guangchun Han
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Francesca Paradiso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ruiping Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guangsheng Pei
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yibo Dai
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kyung Serk Cho
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Enyu Dai
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Akshay Basi
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jared K Burks
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimal I Rajapakshe
- Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanshuo Chu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiahui Jiang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daiwei Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xinmiao Yan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paola A Guerrero
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alejandra Serrano
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tae Hyun Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Luisa M Solis Soto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amir A Jazaeri
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Humam Kadara
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Linghua Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX 77030, USA; The James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute for Data Science in Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Träger C, Kaiser M, Freudenstein D, Heckscher S, Dettmer K, Oefner PJ, Liebisch G, Hiergeist A, Gessner A, Lee DH, Angstwurm K, Linker RA, Haase S. A probiotic approach identifies a Treg-centred immunoregulation via modulation of gut microbiota metabolites in people with multiple sclerosis and healthy individuals. EBioMedicine 2025; 116:105743. [PMID: 40359627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2025] [Revised: 04/18/2025] [Accepted: 04/22/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modulation of the gut microbiota composition has been suggested as a potential disease modifying therapy in immune-mediated diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). However, a conclusive mechanism linking gut microbiota modulation to peripheral immune responses has remained elusive so far. METHODS In this exploratory cohort study, people with MS (pwMS) and healthy controls (HC) supplemented a lactobacilli-rich probiotic for two or six weeks and were additionally investigated six weeks after the last intake. Immune cell phenotyping was performed in blood samples, complemented by mRNA expression analysis, serum cytokine measurements, and Treg suppression assays. Besides gut microbiota composition analysis, metabolite production was investigated in stool and serum. Links between metabolites and peripheral immune system were investigated in in vitro T cell differentiation assays. FINDINGS In peripheral blood, Treg cells increased in both groups, while Th1 cells were significantly reduced in pwMS. This promotion of a regulatory immunophenotype was complemented by increased concentrations of IL-10 in serum and higher expression of IL10 and CTLA4. Functional assays revealed an enhanced suppressive capacity of Treg cells due to the probiotic intervention. The tryptophan metabolite indole-3-acetate (IAA) increased in stool and serum samples of pwMS during the probiotic intake. In vitro, IAA specifically enhanced the formation of IL-10 secreting T cells together with CYP1a1 expression. This effect was blocked by addition of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) inhibitor. INTERPRETATION A lactobacilli-enriched probiotic promotes a regulatory immunophenotype in pwMS, probably by enhancing AHR agonists in the gut. It may be of interest as add-on therapy in immune-mediated diseases such as MS. FUNDING This study has in part been funded by Novartis Pharma GmbH and BMBF grant no. 01EJ2202B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Träger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria Kaiser
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Freudenstein
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Heckscher
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katja Dettmer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter J Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hiergeist
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - André Gessner
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - De-Hyung Lee
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Klemens Angstwurm
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf A Linker
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Haase
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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Ma L, Ge Y, Six N, Choi S, Brown J, Castellanos Garcia A, Mohamadzadeh M, Silverman GJ, Morel L. Gut Expansion of a Human Lupus Pathobiont is Associated With Autoantibody Production and T Cell Dysregulation. ACR Open Rheumatol 2025; 7:e70033. [PMID: 40324961 PMCID: PMC12052470 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.70033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2025] [Revised: 03/18/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanisms by which the gut microbiome contributes to lupus pathogenesis remain poorly understood. The anaerobe Ruminococcus gnavus (RG) expands in patients with lupus in association with flares. The goal of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which candidate pathobiont lipoglycan-producing RG2 may contribute to autoimmunity and to identify factors promoting its expansion. METHODS The consequences of RG colonization or depletion were evaluated in the B6.Sle1.Sle2.Sle3 triple congenic (TC) lupus model by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RG lysates were tested on Treg cells in vitro. Fecal microbiota transfers evaluated the contribution of the microbiome origin from lupus or control donors and dietary tryptophan. RG1 and RG2 growth and metabolome were evaluated in response to tryptophan in vitro. RESULTS Only RG2 stably colonized TC mice, in which it induced autoantibody production and T cell activation. Depletion of anaerobes had the opposite effect, with an increased Treg frequency. RG2 induced Treg apoptosis in cocultures with dendritic cells. RG is present in TC microbiota, from which it is amplified by tryptophan. The combination of TC microbiota and high dietary tryptophan induced autoimmune activation and intestinal inflammation in healthy control mice. Finally, tryptophan enhanced RG2 growth and production of immunomodulatory metabolites. CONCLUSION RG2 contributes to autoimmune activation, at least by inducing Treg apoptosis. The expansion of this pathobiont is promoted by host genetic factors and tryptophan metabolism. Thus, targeted RG2 depletion may improve disease outcomes in patients with lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yong Ge
- University of Texas Health San Antonio
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Bhattacharyya T, Das P, Ansari A, Mohan AA, Chandra Y, Narayan KP, Banerjee R. Glucocorticoid Receptor-Targeted Nanoliposome for STAT3 Inhibition-Led Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Modulation and Efficient Colon Cancer Treatment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2025; 8:3185-3204. [PMID: 40162961 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.5c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
STAT3 is an important protein responsible for cellular proliferation, motility, and immune tolerance and is hyperactive in colorectal cancer, instigating metastasis, cellular proliferation, migration, as well as inhibition. It helps in proliferation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which within the tumor microenvironment (TME) suppress T cells to encourage tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to immunotherapy, besides playing dynamic role in regulating macrophages within the tumor. Thus, MDSC is a potential target to augment immune surveillance within the TME. Herein, we report targeting both colorectal cancer and MDSCs using a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-targeted nanoliposomal formulation carrying GR-ligand, dexamethasone (Dex), and a STAT3 inhibitor, niclosamide (N). Our main objective was to selectively inhibit STAT3, the key immunomodulatory factor in most TME-associated cells including MDSCs, and also repurpose the use of this antihelminthic, low-cost drug N for cancer treatment. The resultant formulation D1XN exhibited better tumor regression and survivability compared to GR nontargeted formulation. Further, bone marrow cell-derived MDSCs were engineered by D1XN treatment ex vivo and were inoculated back to tumor-bearing mice. Significant tumor growth inhibition with enhanced antiproliferative immune cell signatures, such as T cell infiltration, decrease in Treg cells, and increased M1/M2 macrophage ratio within the TME were observed. This reveals the effectiveness of engineered MDSCs to modulate tumor surveillance besides reversing the aggressiveness of the tumor. Therefore, D1XN and D1XN-mediated engineered MDSCs alone or in combination can be considered as potent selective chemo-immunotherapeutic nanoliposomal agent(s) against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Bhattacharyya
- Division of Oils, Lipids Science and Technology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pritam Das
- Division of Oils, Lipids Science and Technology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Aasia Ansari
- Division of Oils, Lipids Science and Technology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Adrij A Mohan
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Yogesh Chandra
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Kumar Pranav Narayan
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Division of Oils, Lipids Science and Technology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Wang L, Wang S, Lin J, Li J, Wang M, Yu J, Sun J, Tang N, Jiao C, Ma J, Zhao X, Zhang H. Treg and intestinal myofibroblasts-derived Amphiregulin induced by TGF-β mediates intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease. J Transl Med 2025; 23:452. [PMID: 40247299 PMCID: PMC12004752 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-025-06413-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 03/23/2025] [Indexed: 04/19/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal fibrosis is a serious complication of Crohn's disease (CD), often resulting from chronic inflammation. However, the precise mechanisms through which inflammation induces intestinal fibrosis remain inadequately elucidated. METHODS A comprehensive single-cell atlas of full-thickness CD, provided by Dr. Florian Rieder, was subjected to reanalysis. Our study used a DSS-induced chronic colitis model in both wild-type (WT) and Areg-/- mice. Additionally, a CD45RBhi CD4+ T cell adoptive transfer model involving WT and Areg-/- Treg cells (Tregs) was used. The expressions of AREG in CD with or without intestinal fibrosis, Tregs and human intestinal myofibroblasts (MFs) were determined. The effect of AREG on proliferation/migration/activation in human intestinal MFs was determined. RESULTS Several types of cells were differentially expressed between stricture and non-stricture CD. Among T cells, Tregs accounted for a larger proportion and were significantly increased in stenotic tissues of stricture CD. Although DSS-induced colitis was more severe in Areg-/- mice, which developed less severe intestinal fibrosis compared with WT mice. The transfer of Areg-/- Tregs resulted in less severe fibrosis in Rag-/- mice than WT Tregs. Moreover, TGF-β stimulated AREG expression in Tregs and human intestinal MFs via activation of Smad3. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that AREG derived from Tregs and human intestinal MFs, induced by TGF-β, amplifies intestinal fibrotic reactions in experimental colitis as well as in human CD patients. Thus, the TGF-β-Smad3-AREG pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for treating fibrosis in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Junjie Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Mingyuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Junjian Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Nana Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chunhua Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Lonberg N. The Problem with Syngeneic Mouse Tumor Models. Cancer Immunol Res 2025; 13:456-462. [PMID: 39996612 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-24-1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025]
Abstract
The advent of syngeneic mouse tumor models provided the scientific foundation for cancer immunotherapies now in widespread use. However, in many respects, these models do not faithfully recapitulate the interactions between cancer cells and the immune systems of human patients who have solid tumors because they represent a very early stage in the immune response to the newly transplanted cancer cells compared with the relatively mature stage found in human patients at the time of treatment. The lack of translatability of syngeneic models is probably responsible for many failed clinical trials conducted at considerable expense, involving far too many patients with cancer who received no benefit. Better mouse models would substantially accelerate the pace of discovery of new immunotherapies. Until these models emerge, a better understanding of the differences between the existing syngeneic models and human cancers may provide a more efficient path for moving experimental drugs into clinical development. To accomplish this, we must consider mice transplanted with syngeneic tumor cells to be in vivo assays, potentially useful for understanding the mechanism of action of immunotherapies rather than disease models.
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Yoo E, Jo Y, Park J, Hong SW. Immune tolerance to foreign antigens in the intestine: mechanisms mediated by CD4+ T cells. BMB Rep 2025; 58:158-168. [PMID: 40176601 PMCID: PMC12041928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2025] [Revised: 02/24/2025] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 04/04/2025] Open
Abstract
The immune system encounters a diverse array of antigens, both self and foreign, necessitating mechanisms to maintain tolerance and prevent harmful inflammatory responses. CD4+ T cells, crucial in orchestrating immune responses, play a critical role in mediating tolerance to both self and foreign antigens. While the mechanisms of CD4+ T cell-mediated tolerance to self-antigens are well-documented, the understanding of tolerance to foreign antigens, including those from commensal microbes and food, remains incomplete. This review discusses recent progress in the mechanisms underlying immune tolerance to foreign antigens, with a focus on the role of CD4+ T cells. We explore how inflammatory and tolerogenic CD4+ T cell subsets are developed and maintained. Moreover, we delve into the complexities of immune responses to commensal microbes and food antigens by reviewing recent findings, highlighting the immunological contexts that shape immune tolerance. Understanding these mechanisms enhances our comprehension of how immune tolerance is established and sustained, providing insights into potential therapeutic approaches for managing chronic inflammatory diseases resulting from a loss of immune tolerance to foreign antigens. [BMB Reports 2025; 58(4): 158-168].
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbi Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yeleen Jo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jooyoun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sung-Wook Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Zheng Y, Peng Y, Gao Y, Yang G, Jiang Y, Zhang G, Wang L, Yu J, Huang Y, Wei Z, Liu J. Identification and dissection of prostate cancer grounded on fatty acid metabolism-correlative features for predicting prognosis and assisting immunotherapy. Comput Biol Chem 2025; 115:108323. [PMID: 39742702 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Revised: 11/24/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acid metabolism (FAM) plays a critical role in tumor progression and therapeutic resistance by enhancing lipid biosynthesis, storage, and catabolism. Dysregulated FAM is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa), enabling cancer cells to adapt to extracellular signals and metabolic changes, with the tumor microenvironment (TME) playing a key role. However, the prognostic significance of FAM in PCa remains unexplored. METHODS We analyzed 309 FAM-related genes to develop a prognostic model using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. This model stratified PCa patients into high- and low-risk groups and was validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We constructed a nomogram incorporating risk score, clinical variables (T and N stage, Gleason score, age), and assessed its performance with calibration curves. The associations between risk score, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and TME features were also examined. Finally, a hub gene was identified via protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and validated. RESULTS The risk score was an independent prognostic factor for PCa. High-risk patients showed worse survival outcomes but were more responsive to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. A core gene with high expression correlated with poor prognosis, unfavorable clinicopathological features, and immune cell infiltration. CONCLUSION These findings reveal the prognostic importance of FAM in PCa, providing novel insights into prognosis and potential therapeutic targets for PCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yueqiang Peng
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yingying Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Banan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401320, China
| | - Guo Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Gaojie Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Linfeng Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ziling Wei
- College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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Patra S, Chaudhary S, Samal SC, Ayyanar P, Padhi S, Nayak HK, Satapathy AK, Nayak S, Sahu A, Parida T, Shahin M. FoxP3-positive T regulatory cells and its effector mechanisms in Crohn's disease: an immunohistochemical and image morphometric analysis on endoscopic mucosal biopsies. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2025:00042737-990000000-00509. [PMID: 40207496 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Crohn's disease (CD) is an immune inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract arising from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, microbiome, and immune factors. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), characterized by FoxP3 expression, are crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis through PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, interleukin (IL)-10 release, and granzyme (GrB) production. This study aimed to elucidate the role of FoxP3 positive (+) Tregs in CD. METHODS Segmental colonoscopic biopsies from 46 treatment-naive CD cases (34 adults and 12 children) categorized into noninflamed [n = 32; Nancy histologic index (NHI) 0, 1] and inflamed (n = 100; NHI 2-4) mucosae using NHI. CD4, FoxP3, PD-1, IL-10, and GrB immunoexpression were analyzed by eyeballing and image morphometry. Findings were correlated with activity, granulomas, and skip lesions; and compared with site-matched non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) controls (n = 30). RESULTS FoxP3+ Tregs, IL-10, PD-1, and GrB expressions were significantly higher in NHI 3-4 mucosae than in NHI 0-1 and controls (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between adults and children, whereas those with granulomas had increased expression (P = 0.045). The FoxP3 : CD4 ratio positively correlated with IL-10 (Spearman, r = 0.307, P = 0.002), GrB (r = 0.302, P = 0.002), but not with PD-1 (r = 0.98, P = 0.33). CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to the possibility of a qualitative defect in FoxP3+ Tregs in CD. The functional arms of Tregs in CD need to be elucidated further in larger prospective cohorts to validate our observations and pave the way for future immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Saurav Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ajit Sahu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
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11
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Wang LT, Juang SE, Lan CL, Chang HH, He AC, Chen WA, Huang YW, Van Dyke TE, Chen YW, Ma KSK. Titanium implants trigger extra-periodontal T cell-mediated immunity. Biomater Sci 2025; 13:1543-1553. [PMID: 39957356 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00246f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2025]
Abstract
Peri-implant inflammation and periodontitis share a common etiology rooted in periodontopathic bacterial invasion, with periodontitis notably linked to systemic inflammatory comorbidities involving T cells. However, the intricate processes within the peri-implant microenvironment and systemic repercussions of implants, particularly related to implant materials, remain inadequately understood. We aim to elucidate the impact of contact with titanium materials, widely employed in dental implants for their high biocompatibility and excellent corrosion resistance, on diverse T cell subpopulations. This study adopts a comprehensive approach, encompassing (1) transcriptomic profiling of peri-implant epithelium in a rat model, (2) examination of phenotypic and functional changes in T cell immunity in human blood cells cultured on titanium discs, and (3) in vivo validation of T cells in implanted mice. Transcriptomic evidence and functional in vitro results revealed that exposure to titanium materials promoted T cell activation and differentiation towards inflammatory subsets, and escalated the secretion of corresponding cytokines. In vivo results showed that most of the gingiva-extracted T cells were activated in both healthy and implanted mice, the latter exhibiting significant lymphadenitis. High-dimensional flow cytometric findings in the in vivo lymphadenitis model indicated titanium-induced T cell immunity, involving preferential activation of Th1, Th17, and Tc1 cells over Tregs in adjacent lymph nodes within three days after implant placement. These findings highlight the pivotal role of T cells in the initiation of peri-implant inflammation, emphasizing the need to understand extra-periodontal inflammatory complications associated with implant surgeries. Our study provides a foundation for future therapeutic strategies targeting T cell responses to enhance the success and longevity of dental implant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Tzu Wang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Ei Juang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Lun Lan
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital & Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsuan-Hao Chang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital & Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ai-Chia He
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital & Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Wen Huang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thomas E Van Dyke
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital & Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma
- Center for Global Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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12
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Baek H, Yang SW, Kim S, Lee Y, Park H, Park M, Jeon BJ, Park H, Hwang HS, Kim JY, Kim JH, Kang YS. Development of Anti-Inflammatory Agents Utilizing DC-SIGN Mediated IL-10 Secretion in Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Disorders: Bridging Veterinary and Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:2329. [PMID: 40076949 PMCID: PMC11901132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26052329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2025] [Revised: 02/21/2025] [Accepted: 02/28/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
DC-SIGN (dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin) is a C-type lectin receptor expressed on dendritic cells and M2 macrophages, playing a key role in immune regulation and pathogen recognition. Its ability to mediate anti-inflammatory effects by interacting with specific ligands triggers pathways that suppress pro-inflammatory responses and promote tissue repair, making it a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. DC-SIGN homologs in various animal species share structural similarities and perform comparable immune functions, offering valuable insights into its broader application across species. By recognizing carbohydrate ligands on pathogens, DC-SIGN facilitates immune modulation, which can be harnessed for developing therapies aimed at controlling inflammation. In veterinary medicine, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, represent significant challenges, and the anti-inflammatory properties of DC-SIGN could provide new therapeutic options to improve disease management and enhance animal health. Future investigations should focus on the structural and functional analysis of DC-SIGN homologs in various species, as well as the development of preclinical models to translate these findings into clinical interventions bridging veterinary and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayeon Baek
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea; (H.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Seung-Woo Yang
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA;
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seulki Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Science Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yunseok Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Science Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hwi Park
- Department of Veterinary Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (B.-J.J.); (H.P.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Min Park
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea; (H.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Byung-Ju Jeon
- Department of Veterinary Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (B.-J.J.); (H.P.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Hanwool Park
- Department of Veterinary Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (B.-J.J.); (H.P.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Han-Sung Hwang
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joon-Young Kim
- Department of Veterinary Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (B.-J.J.); (H.P.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Sun Kang
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea; (H.B.); (M.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Science Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (Y.L.)
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13
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Liu MJ, Zhang Y, Zhu K, Li WW, Liu C, Jiang S, Shang EX, Duan JA. Xiexin Tang restores gut barrier function by regulating the differentiation of CD4 + T cells via GPRs and HDACs in T2DM rats. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2025:1-15. [PMID: 40029093 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2025.2459603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of Xiexin Tang in improving type 2 diabetes mellitus from the perspective of intestinal barrier function. The results indicated that Xiexin Tang could notably promote the expression of GPRs while suppressing the expression of HDACs in colon epithelial cells, then significantly elevate the levels of TGF-β1 and IL-18 to regulate the differentiation of T cells and further maintain the intestinal immune homeostasis. Meanwhile, it could markedly inhibit the inflammatory signaling pathway to improve intestinal barrier function, relieving type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Juan Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Wen-Wen Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
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14
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Zhou X, Dunham D, Sindher SB, Long A, Fernandes A, Chang I, Assa’ad A, Pongracic J, Spergel JM, Tam J, Tilles S, Wang J, Boyd SD, Chinthrajah RS, Nadeau KC. HLA-DR + regulatory T cells and IL-10 are associated with success or failure of desensitization outcomes. Allergy 2025; 80:762-774. [PMID: 39291303 PMCID: PMC11893263 DOI: 10.1111/all.16311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omalizumab (XOLAIR®)-assisted multi-food oral immunotherapy (mOIT) has been shown to safely, effectively, and rapidly desensitize patients with multiple food allergies. In our clinical trial (NCT02626611) on omalizumab-assisted mOIT, different desensitization outcomes (success or failure of desensitization) were observed following a period of either continued or discontinued mOIT. However, the association between the immunological changes induced by omalizumab-assisted mOIT and desensitization outcomes has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, due to the key roles of regulatory T (Treg) cells and the type 2 helper T cell (Th2) pathway in immune tolerance to food allergens, we aimed to characterize their association with the desensitization outcomes of omalizumab-assisted mOIT. METHODS Mass cytometry and multiplex cytokine assays were performed on blood samples obtained from participants with allergies to peanut, cashew, or milk in our phase 2 clinical study (NCT02626611). Comprehensive statistical and bioinformatic analyses were conducted on high-dimensional cytometry-based single-cell data and high-throughput multiplex cytokine data. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the frequency of HLA-DR+ Treg cells, and the production of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-9) as well as the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was significantly increased in cultures with allergen compared to cultures with media alone at baseline (Week 0). We also observed increased frequency of allergen responsive HLA-DR+ Treg cells and enhanced production of IL-10 by PBMCs in participants who achieved successful desensitization compared to those with failure of desensitization. However, the production of Th2 cytokines by PBMCs did not show significant differences between participants with different desensitization outcomes (success vs. failure of desensitization), despite omalizumab-assisted mOIT inducing a significant reduction in the production of Th2 cytokines. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the frequency of HLA-DR+ Treg cells and IL-10 cytokine production by PBMCs are associated with desensitization outcomes of omalizumab-assisted mOIT. These findings suggest potential immunological parameters that could be targeted to enhance desensitization success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diane Dunham
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sayantani B Sindher
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Long
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Fernandes
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Iris Chang
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amal Assa’ad
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jacqueline Pongracic
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, the Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan M Spergel
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Tam
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Tilles
- Seattle Allergy and Asthma Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julie Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott D. Boyd
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - R. Sharon Chinthrajah
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Huang X, Feng D, Mitra S, Andretta ES, Hooshdaran NB, Ghelani AP, Wang EY, Frost JN, Lawless VR, Vancheswaran A, Jiang Q, Leslie CS, Rudensky A. Opposing Functions of Distinct Regulatory T Cell Subsets in Colorectal Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.02.07.637083. [PMID: 39975175 PMCID: PMC11839124 DOI: 10.1101/2025.02.07.637083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells contribute to solid organ cancer progression, except in colorectal cancer (CRC) despite being abundantly present. Here, we demonstrate that two distinct tumoral IL-10⁺ and IL-10⁻ Treg cell subsets exert opposing functions by counteracting and promoting CRC tumor growth, respectively. The tumor restraining activity of IL-10⁺ Treg cells was mediated by their suppression of effector CD4 T cell production of IL-17, which directly stimulates CRC tumor cell proliferation. Consistently, IL-10⁻ Treg cells were more abundant in both mouse and human CRC tumors than in tumor-adjacent normal tissues, whereas IL-10+ Treg cells exhibited the opposite distribution. Furthermore, relative abundance of IL-10⁺ and IL-10⁻ Treg cells correlated with better and worse disease prognoses in human CRC, respectively. This functional dichotomy between Treg cell subsets provides a rationale for therapeutic strategies to selectively target pro-tumoral Treg cells while preserving their anti-tumoral counterparts across barrier tissue cancers that harbor both subsets.
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16
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Li J, Jacobse J, Pilat JM, Kaur H, Gu W, Kang SW, Rusznak M, Huang HI, Barrera J, Oloo PA, Roland JT, Hawkins CV, Pahnke AP, Khalil M, Washington MK, Wilson KT, Williams CS, Peebles RS, Konnikova L, Choksi YA, Hammer GE, Lau KS, Goettel JA. Interleukin-10 production by innate lymphoid cells restricts intestinal inflammation in mice. Mucosal Immunol 2025:S1933-0219(25)00023-6. [PMID: 39988202 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2025] [Accepted: 02/18/2025] [Indexed: 02/25/2025]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunomodulatory cytokine critical for intestinal immune homeostasis. IL-10 is produced by various immune cells but IL-10 receptor signaling in intestinal CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes is necessary to prevent spontaneous colitis in mice. Here, we utilized fluorescent protein reporters and cell-specific targeting and found that Rorc-expressing innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) produce IL-10 in response to anti-CD40-mediated intestinal inflammation. Deletion of Il10 specifically in Rorc-expressing ILCs led to phenotypic changes in intestinal macrophages and exacerbated both innate and adaptive immune-mediated models of experimental colitis. The population of IL-10+ producing ILCs shared markers with both ILC2 and ILC3 with nearly all ILC3s being of the NCR+ subtype. Interestingly, Ccl26 was enriched in IL-10+ ILCs and was markedly reduced in IL-10-deficient ILC3s. Since CCL26 is a ligand for CX3CR1, we employed RNA in situ hybridization and observed increased numbers of ILCs in close proximity to Cx3cr1-expressing cells under inflammatory conditions. Finally, we generated transgenic RorctdTomato reporter mice that faithfully marked RORγt+ cells that could rescue disease pathology and aberrant macrophage phenotype following adoptive transfer into mice with selective Il10 deficiency in ILC3s. These results demonstrate that IL-10 production by a population of ILCs functions to promote immune homeostasis in the intestine possibly via direct effects on intestinal macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Justin Jacobse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN USA 37212
| | - Jennifer M Pilat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Harsimran Kaur
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Weihong Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Seung Woo Kang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark Rusznak
- Department of Internal Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hsin-I Huang
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Julio Barrera
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Pauline A Oloo
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Joseph T Roland
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Internal Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Caroline V Hawkins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew P Pahnke
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marian Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Keith T Wilson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN USA 37212; Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christopher S Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN USA 37212; Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - R Stokes Peebles
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN USA 37212; Department of Internal Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Liza Konnikova
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Systems and Engineering Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Human and Translational Immunology Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Program in Translational Biomedicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yash A Choksi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN USA 37212; Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gianna Elena Hammer
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ken S Lau
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Computational Systems Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeremy A Goettel
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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17
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Malueg M, Moo KG, Arnett A, Edwards TH, Ruskin SL, Lambert K, Subramanyam A, Dufort MJ, Gersuk VH, Partridge R, Buckner JH, Khor B. Defining a novel DYRK1A-gp130/IL-6R-pSTAT axis that regulates Th17 differentiation. Immunohorizons 2025; 9:vlae005. [PMID: 39846842 PMCID: PMC11841973 DOI: 10.1093/immhor/vlae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into T helper 17 (Th17) cells is likely a key factor predisposing to many autoimmune diseases. Therefore, better understanding how Th17 differentiation is regulated is essential to identify novel therapeutic targets and strategies to identify individuals at high risk of developing autoimmunity. Here, we extend our prior work using chemical inhibitors to provide mechanistic insight into a novel regulator of Th17 differentiation, the kinase dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A). We generated a conditional knockout mouse model to validate DYRK1A as a regulator of Th17 differentiation that acts in a dose-dependent fashion at least in part by modulating interleukin (IL)-6 signaling through multiple mechanisms. We identified a new role for DYRK1A in regulating surface expression of IL-6 receptor subunits in naïve CD4+ T cells, consistent with DYRK1A's impact on Th17 differentiation. Physiologic relevance is supported by findings in people with Down syndrome, in which increased expression of DYRK1A, encoded on chromosome 21, is linked to increased IL-6 responsiveness. Our findings highlight DYRK1A as a druggable target of broad therapeutic and prognostic interest in autoimmunity and immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Malueg
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Keagan G Moo
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Azlann Arnett
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Thomas H Edwards
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Susan L Ruskin
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Katharina Lambert
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Aditi Subramanyam
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Matthew J Dufort
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Vivian H Gersuk
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rebecca Partridge
- Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Issaquah, WA, United States
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Bernard Khor
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States
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18
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Schoenaker JM, Nelson VS, Henderickx JGE, Terveer EM, Jansen AJG, Porcelijn L, Netelenbos T, Schipperus MR, Kapur R. The intestinal flora: The key to unraveling heterogeneity in immune thrombocytopenia? Blood Rev 2025; 69:101252. [PMID: 39672701 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/01/2024] [Indexed: 12/15/2024]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by enhanced platelet destruction and impaired platelet production, due to a loss of immune tolerance that leads to targeting of platelets and megakaryocytes by glycoprotein-autoantibodies and/or cytotoxic T cells. There is a high degree of heterogeneity in ITP patients signified by unpredictable disease trajectories and treatment responses. Initial studies in humans have identified intestinal microbiota perturbance in ITP. Recently, gut microbial perturbance has been linked to other autoimmune diseases. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that intestinal microbiota may influence ITP pathophysiology through several mechanisms, including induction of platelet-autoantibody production, increasing complement-dependent platelet cytotoxicity, disturbing T cell homeostasis, impairing megakaryocyte function, and increasing platelet-desialylation and -clearance. The pathophysiological heterogeneity of ITP may, at least in part, be attributed to a perturbed intestinal microbiota. Therefore, a better understanding of intestinal microbiota in ITP may result in a more personalized therapeutic approach.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome/immunology
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/microbiology
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/etiology
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/immunology
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/metabolism
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/pathology
- Blood Platelets/immunology
- Blood Platelets/metabolism
- Blood Platelets/pathology
- Animals
- Disease Susceptibility
- Autoantibodies/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jente M Schoenaker
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Vivianne S Nelson
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Hematology, HagaZiekenhuis, 2545 AA The Hague, the Netherlands; Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Jannie G E Henderickx
- Center for Microbiome Analyses and Therapeutics, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID) Research, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Elisabeth M Terveer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID) Research, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Netherlands Donor Feces Bank, LUCID Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - A J Gerard Jansen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Leendert Porcelijn
- Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Department of Immunohematology Diagnostics, Sanquin, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Tanja Netelenbos
- Department of Hematology, HagaZiekenhuis, 2545 AA The Hague, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Rick Kapur
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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19
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Bae AN, Lee H, Yang H, Mukherjee S, Im SS, Lee JH, Park JH. Enhancing Regulatory T cell function by mevalonate pathway inhibition prevents liver fibrosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025; 742:151094. [PMID: 39632293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.151094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a well-established risk factor for liver cancer development. Despite extensive mechanistic studies on liver fibrosis, the role of the immune cell network in fibrotic disease remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in preventing liver fibrosis by regulating the mevalonate pathway. Blocking the mevalonate pathway increased the granzyme B secretion from Tregs, while restoring the pathway reduced it. Statin treatment, which inhibits the mevalonate pathway, alleviated liver fibrosis progression and enhanced the immunosuppressive function of Tregs in vivo. Mechanistically, mevalonate products, including geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, inhibited the phosphorylation and activation of LKB1, that is a key regulator of Treg homeostasis. Furthermore, these products disrupted the interaction between LKB1 and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), leading to further reduction of LKB1 phosphorylation. These findings suggest that targeting LKB1 in Tregs through statin treatment prevents the progression of liver fibrosis, offering a promising and safe therapeutic strategy for liver disease and liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Na Bae
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hajin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Huiseong Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sulagna Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jong Ho Park
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea.
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20
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Wei Y, Ma HK, Wong ME, Papasavvas E, Konnikova L, Tebas P, Morgenstern R, Montaner LJ, Ho YC. BACH2-driven tissue resident memory programs promote HIV-1 persistence. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.12.16.628794. [PMID: 39763845 PMCID: PMC11702684 DOI: 10.1101/2024.12.16.628794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
Transcription repressor BACH2 redirects short-lived terminally differentiated effector into long-lived memory cells. We postulate that BACH2-mediated long-lived memory programs promote HIV-1 persistence in gut CD4+ T cells. We coupled single-cell DOGMA-seq and TREK-seq to capture chromatin accessibility, transcriptome, surface proteins, T cell receptor, HIV-1 DNA and HIV-1 RNA in 100,744 gut T cells from ten aviremic HIV-1+ individuals and five HIV-1- donors. BACH2 was the leading transcription factor that shaped gut tissue resident memory T cells (TRMs) into long-lived memory with restrained interferon-induced effector function. We found that HIV-1-infected cells were enriched in TRMs (80.8%). HIV-1-infected cells had increased BACH2 transcription factor accessibility, TRM (CD49a, CD69, CD103) and survival (IL7R) gene expression, and Th17 polarization (RORC, CCR6). In vitro gut CD4+ T cell infection revealed preferential infection and persistence of HIV-1 in CCR6+ TRMs. Overall, we found BACH2-driven TRM program promotes HIV-1 persistence and BACH2 as a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wei
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Haocong Katherine Ma
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Michelle E. Wong
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | | | - Liza Konnikova
- Departments of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Pablo Tebas
- Presbyterian Hospital-University of Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ricardo Morgenstern
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Ya-Chi Ho
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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21
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Zhang L, Xu F, Hou L. IL-6 and diabetic kidney disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1465625. [PMID: 39749325 PMCID: PMC11693507 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1465625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes associated with high mortality and disability rates. Inflammation has emerged as a key pathological mechanism in DKD, prompting interest in novel therapeutic approaches targeting inflammatory pathways. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a well-established inflammatory cytokine known for mediating various inflammatory responses, has attracted great attention in the DKD field. Although multiple in vivo and in vitro studies highlight the potential of targeting IL-6 in DKD treatment, its exact roles in the disease remains unclear. This review presents the roles of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of DKD, including immunoinflammation, metabolism, hemodynamics, and ferroptosis. In addition, we summarize the current status of IL-6 inhibitors in DKD-related clinical trials and discuss the potential of targeting IL-6 for treating DKD in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Pharmacy Department, Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Weihai, China
| | - Futian Xu
- Logistics Management Department, Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Weihai, China
| | - Liyan Hou
- Pharmacy Department, Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Weihai, China
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22
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Amer H, Kampan NC, Itsiopoulos C, Flanagan KL, Scott CL, Kartikasari AER, Plebanski M. Interleukin-6 Modulation in Ovarian Cancer Necessitates a Targeted Strategy: From the Approved to Emerging Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:4187. [PMID: 39766086 PMCID: PMC11674514 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16244187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 11/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in treatments, ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most prevalent and lethal gynecological cancers in women. The frequent detection at the advanced stages has contributed to low survival rates, resistance to various treatments, and disease recurrence. Thus, a more effective approach is warranted to combat OC. The cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL6) has been implicated in various stages of OC development. High IL6 levels are also correlated with a lower survival rate in OC patients. In this current review, we summarized the pivotal roles of IL6 in OC, including the initiation, development, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance mechanisms. This article systematically highlights how targeting IL6 improves OC outcomes by altering various cancer processes and reports the ongoing clinical trials that would further shape the IL6-based targeted therapies. This review also suggests how combining IL6-targeted therapies with other therapeutic strategies could further enhance their efficacy to combat OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Amer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3082, Australia; (H.A.); (A.E.R.K.)
| | - Nirmala C. Kampan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3082, Australia; (H.A.); (A.E.R.K.)
| | - Katie L. Flanagan
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3082, Australia; (H.A.); (A.E.R.K.)
- School of Medicine and School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia
- Tasmanian Vaccine Trial Centre, Clifford Craig Foundation, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia
| | - Clare L. Scott
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Apriliana E. R. Kartikasari
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3082, Australia; (H.A.); (A.E.R.K.)
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3082, Australia; (H.A.); (A.E.R.K.)
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23
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Hajam IA, Tsai CM, Gonzalez C, Caldera JR, Lázaro Díez M, Du X, Aralar A, Lin B, Duong W, Liu GY. Pathobiont-induced suppressive immune imprints thwart T cell vaccine responses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:10335. [PMID: 39681568 PMCID: PMC11649901 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54644-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathobionts have evolved many strategies to coexist with the host, but how immune evasion mechanisms contribute to the difficulty of developing vaccines against pathobionts is unclear. Meanwhile, Staphylococcus aureus (SA) has resisted human vaccine development to date. Here we show that prior SA exposure induces non-protective CD4+ T cell imprints, leading to the blunting of protective IsdB vaccine responses. Mechanistically, these SA-experienced CD4+ T cells express IL-10, which is further amplified by vaccination and impedes vaccine protection by binding with IL-10Rα on CD4+ T cell and inhibit IL-17A production. IL-10 also mediates cross-suppression of IsdB and sdrE multi-antigen vaccine. By contrast, the inefficiency of SA IsdB, IsdA and MntC vaccines can be overcome by co-treatment with adjuvants that promote IL-17A and IFN-γ responses. We thus propose that IL-10 secreting, SA-experienced CD4+ T cell imprints represent a staphylococcal immune escaping mechanism that needs to be taken into consideration for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmed Hajam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chih-Ming Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Cesia Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Juan Raphael Caldera
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Quest Diagnostics, 33608 Ortega Hwy., San Juan Capistrano, CA, 92675, USA
| | - María Lázaro Díez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- AIDS Research Institute (IrsiCaixa). VIRus Immune Escape and VACcine Design (VIRIEVAC) Universitary Hospital German Trias i Pujol Crta Canyet s/n 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - April Aralar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Brian Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - William Duong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - George Y Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.
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24
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Yu WW, Barrett JNP, Tong J, Lin MJ, Marohn M, Devlin JC, Herrera A, Remark J, Levine J, Liu PK, Fang V, Zellmer AM, Oldridge DA, Wherry EJ, Lin JR, Chen JY, Sorger P, Santagata S, Krueger JG, Ruggles KV, Wang F, Su C, Koralov SB, Wang J, Chiu ES, Lu CP. Skin immune-mesenchymal interplay within tertiary lymphoid structures promotes autoimmune pathogenesis in hidradenitis suppurativa. Immunity 2024; 57:2827-2842.e5. [PMID: 39662091 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating inflammatory skin disease characterized by keratinized epithelial tunnels that grow deeply into the dermis. Here, we examined the immune microenvironment within human HS lesions. Multi-omics profiling and multiplexed imaging identified tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) near HS tunnels. These TLSs were enriched with proliferative T cells, including follicular helper (Tfh), regulatory (Treg), and pathogenic T cells (IL17A+ and IFNG+), alongside extensive clonal expansion of plasma cells producing antibodies reactive to keratinocytes. HS fibroblasts express CXCL13 or CCL19 in response to immune cytokines. Using a microfluidic system to mimic TLS on a chip, we found that HS fibroblasts critically orchestrated lymphocyte aggregation via tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-CXCL13 and TNF-α-CCL19 feedback loops with B and T cells, respectively; early TNF-α blockade suppressed aggregate initiation. Our findings provide insights into TLS formation in the skin, suggest therapeutic avenues for HS, and reveal mechanisms that may apply to other autoimmune settings, including Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wen Yu
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joy N P Barrett
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jie Tong
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meng-Ju Lin
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meaghan Marohn
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph C Devlin
- Institute of Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Herrera
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juliana Remark
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jamie Levine
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pei-Kang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Victoria Fang
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Colton Center for Autoimmunity at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Abigail M Zellmer
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Derek A Oldridge
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Colton Center for Autoimmunity at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia-Yun Chen
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James G Krueger
- Laboratory of Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly V Ruggles
- Institute of Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Division of Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Digital Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Digital Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sergei B Koralov
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; The Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ernest S Chiu
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine P Lu
- The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Wang X, Wang X, Wang D, Zhou C, Lv K, Ma Y, Chang W, Wang B, Hu J, Ji Y, Dai Z, Ma Y. Interleukin-10 overexpression in 4T1 cells: A gateway to suppressing mammary carcinoma growth. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113089. [PMID: 39244897 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) exerts complex effects on tumor growth, exhibiting both pro- and anti-tumor properties. Recent focus on the anti-inflammatory properties of IL-10 has highlighted its potential anti-tumor properties, particularly through the enhancement of CD8+ T cell activity. However, further research is needed to fully elucidate its other anti-tumor mechanisms. Our study investigates novel anti-tumor mechanisms of IL-10 in a murine mammary carcinoma model (4T1). We found that IL-10 overexpression in mouse 4T1 cells suppressed tumor growth in vivo. This suppression was accompanied by an increase in IFN-γ-secreting CD8+ T cells and a decrease in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumor tissue. In vitro experiments showed that IL-10-rich tumor cell-derived supernatants inhibited myeloid cell differentiation into monocytic and granulocytic MDSCs while reducing MDSCs migration. In addition, IL-10 overexpression downregulated CXCL5 expression in 4T1 cells, resulting in decreased CXCR2+ MDSCs infiltration. Using RAG1-deficient mice and CXCL5 knockdown tumor models, we demonstrated that the anti-tumor effects of IL-10 depend on both CD8+ T cells and reduced MDSC infiltration. IL-10 attenuated the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by enhancing CD8+ T cell activity and inhibiting MDSCs infiltration. In human breast cancer, we observed a positive correlation between CXCL5 expression and MDSC infiltration. Our findings reveal a dual mechanism of IL-10-mediated tumor suppression: (1) direct enhancement of CD8+ T cell activity and (2) indirect reduction of immunosuppressive MDSCs through CXCL5 downregulation and inhibition of myeloid cell differentiation. This study provides new insights into the role of IL-10 in anti-tumor immunity and suggests potential strategies for breast cancer immunotherapy by modulating the IL-10-CXCL5-MDSCs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- The Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- The Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Dan Wang
- The Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Can Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Kaige Lv
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanfen Ma
- The Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wenjing Chang
- The Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Hu
- The Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yanhong Ji
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Yunfeng Ma
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Branchett WJ, Saraiva M, O'Garra A. Regulation of inflammation by Interleukin-10 in the intestinal and respiratory mucosa. Curr Opin Immunol 2024; 91:102495. [PMID: 39357078 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Intricate immune regulation is required at mucosal surfaces to allow tolerance to microbiota and harmless allergens and to prevent overexuberant inflammatory responses to pathogens. The cytokine Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key mediator of mucosal immune regulation. While IL-10 can be produced by virtually all cells of the immune system, many of its in vivo functions depend upon its production by regulatory or effector T cell populations and its signalling to macrophages, dendritic cells and specific T cell subsets. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the role of IL-10 in regulation of immune responses, with a focus on its context-specific roles in intestinal homeostasis, respiratory infection and asthma. We highlight the importance of appropriate production and function of IL-10 for balancing pathogen clearance, control of microbiota and host tissue damage, and that precise modulation of IL-10 functions in vivo could present therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Branchett
- Immunoregulation and Infection Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anne O'Garra
- Immunoregulation and Infection Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ventura R, Bae JS, Kim EH, Kim AY, Oh MH, Kim JH, Yoo SH, Ryu G, Mo JH. Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Microneedle Patch Laser With Multiple Wavelengths in Allergic Rhinitis: Insights From an Allergic Rhinitis Mouse Model. Lasers Surg Med 2024; 56:854-864. [PMID: 39563091 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 10/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of treating allergic rhinitis with a patch laser affix to the skin as opposed to direct intranasal irradiation of the nasal mucosa. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the microneedle patch laser with multiple wavelengths in an allergic rhinitis (AR) mouse model and its underlying mechanism. METHODS The microneedle patch laser was attached to the skin above the mouse's nasal cavity, transmitting light to the nasal mucosa. For 10 days, the microneedle patch laser administered simultaneous exposure to wavelengths of 670, 780, 850, and 910 nm at either 10 or 20 min each day. Multiple allergic parameters were evaluated following the microneedle patch laser treatment. RESULTS Microneedle patch laser treatment decreased allergic symptoms and inhibited OVA-specific IgE levels. Additionally, it significantly reduced eosinophil infiltration, epithelial thickness of the nasal mucosa, and IL-4 cytokine levels. CONCLUSION The light emitted by the microneedle patch laser attached to the skin, penetrated effectively to the nasal mucosa within the nasal cavity, suggesting potential for treating allergic rhinitis in mice and could be extended in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiza Ventura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - A Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Min Hyuck Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Shin Hyuk Yoo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Gwanghui Ryu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Mo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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Bhardwaj JS, Paliwal S, Singhvi G, Taliyan R. Immunological challenges and opportunities in glioblastoma multiforme: A comprehensive view from immune system lens. Life Sci 2024; 357:123089. [PMID: 39362586 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), also known as grade IV astrocytoma, is the most common and deadly brain tumour. It has a poor prognosis and a low survival rate. GBM cells' immunological escape mechanism helps them resist advanced multimodal therapy. In physiological homeostasis, brain astrocytes and microglia suppress infections and clear the potential pathogen from the system. However, in severe pathological conditions like cancer, the immune response fails to eliminate mutated and rapidly over-proliferating GBM cells. The malignant cells' interactions with immune cells and the neoplasm's immunosuppressive environment enable the avoidance and their clearance. Immunotherapy efficiently addresses these difficulties, as shown by sufficient evidence. This review discusses how GBM cells inhibit and elude the immune system. These include MHC molecule expression alteration and PD-L1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint overexpression. Without co-stimulation, these changes induce effector T-cell tolerance and anergy. The review also covers how MDSCs, TAMs, Herpes Virus Entry Mediators, and Human cytomegalovirus protein decrease the effector immune response against glioblastoma. The latter part discusses various therapies that are available in the market or under clinical trials which revolves around combating resistance against the available multimodal therapies. The recent trends indicate that there are various monoclonal antibodies and peptide-based vaccines that can be utilized to overcome the immune evasion technique harbored by GBM cells. A strategic development of Immunotherapy considering these hallmarks of immune evasion may help in designing a therapy that may prove to be effective in killing the GBM cells thereby, improving the overall survival of GBM-affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant Singh Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Shivangi Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Rajeev Taliyan
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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Ahmed HA, Shaaban AA, Ibrahim TM, Makled MN. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor activation attenuates cisplatin-induced CKD in C57BL/6 mice: An insight into sex-related differences. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 194:115079. [PMID: 39491767 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.115079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2024] [Revised: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
Gender contributes to differences in incidence and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) post-cisplatin therapy. This study aims at investigating the potential effect of G1 compound, a GPER agonist, on attenuating cisplatin-induced CKD. To induce CKD in male, intact female, and ovariectomized (OVX) mice, CKD was induced by injecting two cycles of 2.5 mg/kg cisplatin with a 16-day recovery period between cycles). G1 (50 or 100 μg/kg was administered daily for 6 weeks. Severity of renal damage was more pronounced in males than females. Interestingly, OVX resulted in renal damage that is non-significant compared to males and significantly higher than females. G1 improved renal function and blood flow as evidenced by reduction of serum creatinine and elevation of creatinine clearance, NO production, and reduction of ET1. This renoprotective effect could be attributed to its immunomodulatory effect regulated by TGF-β that shifted the balance to favor anti-inflammatory cytokine production (increased IL-10) rather than pro-inflammatory cytokines (decreased Th17 expression). Reduction of TGF-β activation also inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition that eventually ameliorated CKD development. Antioxidant potential of G1 has been demonstrated by upregulation of Nrf2 and subsequent antioxidant enzymes. These data suggest that G1 could be a promising therapeutic tool to attenuate CP-induced CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala A Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Egypt; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Shaaban
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Ibrahim
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mirhan N Makled
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt.
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Le PM, Mattapallil MJ, Caspi RR, Stepp MA, Menko AS. Immunoregulatory Properties of Immune Cells that Associate with the Lens Capsule Surface during Acute and Resolution Phases of Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:2194-2211. [PMID: 39159867 PMCID: PMC11627221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation in the eye is tightly regulated to prevent vision impairment and irreversible blindness. Emerging evidence shows that immune cells are specifically recruited to the lens capsule in response to autoimmune uveitis, yet the potential that they have a role in regulating this inflammatory disease remained unexplored. Here, an immunolocalization approach combined with high-resolution confocal microscopy was used to investigate whether the immune cells that become stably associated with the lens capsule in the eyes of C57BL/6J mice with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) have an immunoregulatory phenotype. These studies revealed that during the acute phase of uveitis, at day 18 after disease induction, the immune cells specifically recruited to the lens capsule, such as regulatory T cells [forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+CD4+] and M2 macrophages (CD68+ arginase 1+IL-10+), included those with putative anti-inflammatory, proresolution roles. The frequency of these lens capsule-associated immunomodulatory phenotypes increased at day 35 after induction, during the resolution phase of EAU inflammation. At this later stage of resolution, most of the macrophages expressed CD206, a mannose receptor responsible for removing inflammatory molecules, in addition to arginase 1 and IL-10. These results suggest a previously unknown role for the lens as a site for recruitment of immune cells whose role is to suppress inflammation, promote resolution, and maintain remission of EAU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong M Le
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary J Mattapallil
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rachel R Caspi
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary Ann Stepp
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - A Sue Menko
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Ophthalmology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Anvar MT, Rashidan K, Arsam N, Rasouli-Saravani A, Yadegari H, Ahmadi A, Asgari Z, Vanan AG, Ghorbaninezhad F, Tahmasebi S. Th17 cell function in cancers: immunosuppressive agents or anti-tumor allies? Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:355. [PMID: 39465401 PMCID: PMC11514949 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024] Open
Abstract
T helper (Th) 17 cells, a distinct subset of Th lymphocytes, are known for their prominent interleukin (IL)-17 production and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. These cells exhibit remarkable plasticity, allowing them to exhibit different phenotypes in the cancer microenvironment. This adaptability enables Th17 cells to promote tumor progression by immunosuppressive activities and angiogenesis, but also mediate anti-tumor immune responses through employing immune cells in tumor setting or even by directly converting toward Th1 phenotype and producing interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). This dual role of Th17 cells in cancer makes it a double-edged sword in encountering cancer. In this review, we aim to elucidate the complexities of Th17 cell function in cancer by summarizing recent studies and, ultimately, to design novel therapeutic strategies, especially targeting Th17 cells in the tumor milieu, which could pave the way for more effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Taghizadeh Anvar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimiya Rashidan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Arsam
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashkan Rasouli-Saravani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Yadegari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeynab Asgari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani Vanan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farid Ghorbaninezhad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Safa Tahmasebi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Adejumo IO. Hypothetical proteins of chicken-isolated Limosilactobacillus reuteri subjected to in silico analyses induce IL-2 and IL-10. GENES & NUTRITION 2024; 19:21. [PMID: 39425027 PMCID: PMC11490116 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-024-00755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) probiotics are health-promoting but their characteristics, safety profile and functional mechanisms are not fully understood. Hence, this study aimed to characterize some hypothetical proteins of the chicken-isolated Limosilactobacillus reuteri genome and unravel their IL-2 and IL-10-inducing potential to understand mechanisms of their immunological functionality for sustainable applications. The selected proteins were subjected to in silico analyses for transmembrane topology, sub-cellular localization, IL-2 and IL-10-inducing ability and IL-2 and IL-10 gene expression across various conditions. IL-2 and IL-10-inducing mutants were statistically analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance of a general linear model of SAS and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The analyzed proteins are stable under a wide temperature range. All the hypothetical proteins are IL-2 and IL-10-inducing but QHPv.2.12, QHPv.2.13 and QHPv.2.15 are non-immunogenic. The evaluated mutants are IL-2 and IL-10-inducers but QHPv.2.13 and QHPv.2.15 are not immunogenic. This study sheds light on understanding the functional mechanisms of chicken-isolated L. reuteri and suggests it or its proteins as potent candidates for feed additive and therapeutic purposes.
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García-Torre A, Bueno-García E, Moro-García MA, López-Martínez R, Rioseras B, Díaz-Molina B, Lambert JL, Alonso-Arias R. IL-10 indirectly modulates functional activity of CD4 +CD28 null T-lymphocytes through LFA-3 and HLA class II inhibition. Immunology 2024; 173:296-309. [PMID: 38922883 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Expansion of CD4+CD28null T-lymphocytes is common in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. Its ability to produce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines is probably the key role of these cells in CHF. IL-10 is a candidate for limiting CD4+CD28null T-lymphocyte responses, whereas tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is the cytokine most closely involved in the loss of CD28 expression. Serum levels of TNF and IL-10 were measured in 65 CHF patients (mean age, 65.2 ± 13.84 years). Patients with an IL-10/TNF ratio ≥1 had significantly lower levels of CD4+CD28null T-lymphocytes than those with a ratio <1. In vitro, IL-10 reduced the frequency of proliferative CD4+CD28null T-lymphocytes stimulated with anti-CD3. Pre-treatment with IL-10 before anti-CD3 stimulation was required for the cytokine to inhibit TNF production by CD4+CD28null T-lymphocytes. In addition to the previously described effect of IL-10 on HLA-DR and ICAM-1 expression, LFA-3 protein and mRNA levels were reduced in the presence of the cytokine in monocytes. IL-10 inhibition on CD4+CD28null T-lymphocytes may be mediated by a reduction in HLA class II and LFA-3 expression because blocking interactions with these costimulators has similar effects to those of IL-10 treatment. Moreover, costimulation through CD2/LFA-3 interaction is enough to induce proliferation and cytokine production in CD4+CD28null T-lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra García-Torre
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eva Bueno-García
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marco A Moro-García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rocío López-Martínez
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rioseras
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Díaz-Molina
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Section of Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Luis Lambert
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Section of Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alonso-Arias
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Spain
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Huang M, Ke Z, Lyu MA, Masarova L, Sadeghi T, Flowers CR, Parmar S. CXCR4-enriched T regulatory cells preferentially home to bone marrow and resolve inflammation. iScience 2024; 27:110830. [PMID: 39314243 PMCID: PMC11418154 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
CXCR4 cell surface expression is critical for the homing of T regulatory (Treg) cells to the bone marrow (BM). We hypothesize that CXCR4 enrichment on Tregs cell surface may abbreviate their transit time to reach BM. Umbilical cord-blood CD25+ Tregs underwent CXCR4 dual enrichment and ex vivo expansion using the CRANE process to generate CXCR4-enriched Tregs (TregCXCR4) cells, which showed a faster migration across the Transwell membrane toward CXCL12/stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF1α) at 15, 30, and 60 min, when compared to unmanipulated Tregcontrol cells (p < 0.0001). TregCXCR4 exhibited preferential homing to BM in vivo at 12 and 24 h. Metacluster analysis of BM showed a decrease in CD8+ and an increase in CD39 and CD73 and CXCR5 when compared to Tregcontrol. TregCXCR4 decreased plasma TGF-β1/β2 and IFN-γ levels. When compared to control, TregCXCR4 cells decreased in CD8+ T cell, IFN-γ, and TNF-α expression in BM. We conclude that TregCXCR4 show enhanced migration toward CXCL12/SDF1α and a preferential homing to BM resulting in resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixian Huang
- Department of Lymphoma/ Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zeng Ke
- Department of Lymphoma/ Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mi-Ae Lyu
- Department of Lymphoma/ Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lucia Masarova
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Simrit Parmar
- Department of Lymphoma/ Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Das A, Wang X, Devonshire K, Lyons EJ, Popescu I, Zhou Z, Li J, Sembrat J, Pilewski J, Zou C, Alder JK, Chen BB, Snyder ME, McDyer JF. IL-10 Is Critical for Regulation of Cytotoxic CD4+NKG7+ T Cells in Lung Allograft Rejection but Is Not Required for Allograft Acceptance. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:898-905. [PMID: 39072690 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Lung transplant remains the primary therapeutic option for patients with end-stage lung disease, but long-term survival rates remain suboptimal compared with other solid organ transplants. Acute cellular rejection (ACR) is a significant challenge in lung transplant recipients, with T cell-mediated mechanisms playing a major role. IL-10 is known for its immunoregulatory function, although its specific role in lung allograft rejection remains unclear. Using the mouse orthotopic lung transplant model, we investigated the role of IL-10 in regulating alloeffector T cell responses. Unexpectedly, we found that IL-10 was not required for early costimulation blockade-induced allograft acceptance. However, IL-10 deficiency or blockade resulted in increased CD4+ T cell numbers, proliferation, graft infiltration, and alloeffector responses. In the absence of IL-10, CD4+ T cell responses predominated over CD8 responses during ACR in contrast to wild-type mice. Type 1 immunity (IFN-γ) responses along with elevated CD4+NKG7+ and CD4+CD107a+ responses predominated during ACR, highlighting a critical regulatory role for IL-10 in modulating CD4+ T cell alloimmune responses. We further demonstrated increased colocalization of NKG7 and CD107a in CD4+ T cells from IL-10-deficient allografts, suggesting coordination in cytotoxic activity. Together, our findings highlight a critical role for IL-10 in regulation of cytotoxic CD4+NKG7+ T cells, an effector population that needs further investigation to elucidate their role in lung allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antu Das
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Xingan Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kaitlyn Devonshire
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Emily J Lyons
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Iulia Popescu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Zihe Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jingmei Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Joseph Pilewski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Chunbin Zou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jonathan K Alder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Bill B Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mark E Snyder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John F McDyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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36
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Qi L, Wang Z, Huang X, Gao X. Biological function of type 1 regulatory cells and their role in type 1 diabetes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36524. [PMID: 39286070 PMCID: PMC11402939 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The collapse of immune homeostasis induces type 1 diabetes (T1D). In T1D, uncontrolled immune attacks against islet β cells reduce insulin secretion, resulting in hyperglycaemia and various complications. Type 1 regulatory (Tr1) cell therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of T1D. Tr1 cells are a subset of regulatory T (Treg) cells that are characterised by high interleukin-10 secretion and forkhead box protein P3 non-expression. Tr1 cells are reduced and have impaired function in patients with T1D. Immunotherapy is used to treat various diseases, and Treg cells have been applied to treat T1D in animal models and clinical trials. However, the safety and efficacy of Tr1 cells in treating diabetes and other diseases remain unclear. In this review, we aim to investigate the identification and biological function of Tr1 cells and related studies on immune diseases; additionally, we discuss the feasibility, limitations, and possible solutions of Tr1 cell therapy in T1D. This review shows that T1D is caused by an immune imbalance where defective Tr1 cells fail to control effector T cells, leading to the destruction of islet β cells. However, Tr1 cell therapy is safe and effective for other immune diseases, suggesting its potential for treating T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, China
| | - Xinxing Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, China
| | - Xiuzhu Gao
- Department of Public Laboratory Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Meng Q, Ma J, Cui J, Gu Y, Shan Y. Subpopulation dynamics of T and B lymphocytes in Sjögren's syndrome: implications for disease activity and treatment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1468469. [PMID: 39290700 PMCID: PMC11405198 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1468469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the body's exocrine glands, particularly the salivary and lacrimal glands, which lead to severe symptoms of dry eyes and mouth. The pathogenesis of SS involves the production of autoantibodies by activated immune cells, and secretion of multiple cytokines, which collectively lead to tissue damage and functional impairment. In SS, the Immune interaction among T and B cells is particularly significant. Lymphocytic infiltration in the salivary glands is predominantly composed of CD4+ T cells, whose activation cause the death of glandular epithelial cells and subsequent tissue destruction. The excessive activity of T cells contributes significantly to the disease mechanism, with helper T cells (CD4+) differentiating into various subgroups including Th1/Th2, Th17, as well as Treg, each contributing to the pathological process through distinct cytokine secretion. In patients with SS, B cells are excessively activated, leading to substantial production of autoantibodies. These antibodies can attack self-tissues, especially the lacrimal and salivary glands, causing inflammation and tissue damage. Changes in B cell subpopulations in SS patients, such as increases in plasmablasts and plasma cells, correlate positively with serum autoantibody levels and disease progression. Therapies targeting T cells and B cells are extensively researched with the aim of alleviating symptoms and improving the quality of life for patients. Understanding how these cells promote disease development through various mechanisms, and further identifying novel T and B cell subgroups with functional characterization, will facilitate the development of more effective strategies to treat SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Meng
- Department of Rheumatism, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junfu Ma
- Department of Rheumatism, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiakang Cui
- Department of Rheumatism, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yangyi Gu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shan
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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38
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Kirkpatrick C, Lu YCW. Deciphering CD4 + T cell-mediated responses against cancer. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1209-1220. [PMID: 38725218 PMCID: PMC11166516 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
It's been long thought that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells play a major role in T cell-mediated antitumor responses, whereas CD4+ T cells merely provide some assistance to CD8+ T cells as the "helpers." In recent years, numerous studies support the notion that CD4+ T cells play an indispensable role in antitumor responses. Here, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge regarding the roles of CD4+ T cells in antitumor responses and immunotherapy, with a focus on the molecular and cellular mechanisms behind these observations. These new insights on CD4+ T cells may pave the way to further optimize cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Kirkpatrick
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Yong-Chen William Lu
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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39
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Rodríguez-Bejarano OH, Parra-López C, Patarroyo MA. A review concerning the breast cancer-related tumour microenvironment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 199:104389. [PMID: 38734280 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is currently the most common malignant tumour in women and one of the leading causes of their death around the world. New and increasingly personalised diagnostic and therapeutic tools have been introduced over the last few decades, along with significant advances regarding the study and knowledge related to BC. The tumour microenvironment (TME) refers to the tumour cell-associated cellular and molecular environment which can influence conditions affecting tumour development and progression. The TME is composed of immune cells, stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) and signalling molecules secreted by these different cell types. Ever deeper understanding of TME composition changes during tumour development and progression will enable new and more innovative therapeutic strategies to become developed for targeting tumours during specific stages of its evolution. This review summarises the role of BC-related TME components and their influence on tumour progression and the development of resistance to therapy. In addition, an account on the modifications in BC-related TME components associated with therapy is given, and the completed or ongoing clinical trials related to this topic are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Hernán Rodríguez-Bejarano
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (U.D.C.A), Calle 222#55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia; Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; PhD Programme in Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Carlos Parra-López
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
| | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
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40
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Valentine Y, Nikolajczyk BS. T cells in obesity-associated inflammation: The devil is in the details. Immunol Rev 2024; 324:25-41. [PMID: 38767210 PMCID: PMC11694249 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity presents a significant health challenge, affecting 41% of adults and 19.7% of children in the United States. One of the associated health challenges of obesity is chronic low-grade inflammation. In both mice and humans, T cells in circulation and in the adipose tissue play a pivotal role in obesity-associated inflammation. Changes in the numbers and frequency of specific CD4+ Th subsets and their contribution to inflammation through cytokine production indicate declining metabolic health, that is, insulin resistance and T2D. While some Th subset alterations are consistent between mice and humans with obesity, some changes mainly characterize male mice, whereas female mice often resist obesity and inflammation. However, protection from obesity and inflammation is not observed in human females, who can develop obesity-related T-cell inflammation akin to males. The decline in female sex hormones after menopause is also implicated in promoting obesity and inflammation. Age is a second underappreciated factor for defining and regulating obesity-associated inflammation toward translating basic science findings to the clinic. Weight loss in mice and humans, in parallel with these other factors, does not resolve obesity-associated inflammation. Instead, inflammation persists amid modest changes in CD4+ T cell frequencies, highlighting the need for further research into resolving changes in T-cell function after weight loss. How lingering inflammation after weight loss affecting the common struggle to maintain lower weight is unknown. Semaglutide, a newly popular pharmaceutical used for treating T2D and reversing obesity, holds promise for alleviating obesity-associated health complications, yet its impact on T-cell-mediated inflammation remains unexplored. Further work in this area could significantly contribute to the scientific understanding of the impacts of weight loss and sex/hormones in obesity and obesity-associated metabolic decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolander Valentine
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Barbara S. Nikolajczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Iglesias M, Bibicheff D, Komin A, Chicco M, Guinn S, Foley B, Raimondi G. T cell responsiveness to IL-10 defines the immunomodulatory effect of costimulation blockade via anti-CD154 and impacts transplant survival. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.12.598652. [PMID: 38915537 PMCID: PMC11195256 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.12.598652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Costimulation blockade (CoB)-based immunotherapy is a promising alternative to immunosuppression for transplant recipients; however, the current limited understanding of the factors that impact its efficacy restrains its clinical applicability. In this context, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are being recognized as having an impact on T cell activation beyond effector differentiation. This study aims at elucidating the impact of direct IL-10 signaling in T cells on CoB outcomes. We used a full-mismatch skin transplantation model where recipients had a T cell-restricted expression of a dominant negative IL-10 receptor (10R-DN), alongside anti-CD154 as CoB therapy. Unlike wild-type recipients, 10R-DN mice failed to benefit from CoB. This accelerated graft rejection correlated with increased accumulation of T cells producing TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17. In vitro experiments indicated that while lack of IL-10 signaling did not change the ability of anti-CD154 to modulate alloreactive T cell proliferation, the absence of this pathway heightened TH1 effector cell differentiation. Furthermore, deficiency of IL-10 signaling in T cells impaired Treg induction, a hallmark of anti-CD154 therapy. Overall, these findings unveil an important and novel role of IL-10 signaling in T cells that defines the success of CoB therapies and identifies a target pathway for obtaining robust immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Iglesias
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Darrel Bibicheff
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Komin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Chicco
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samantha Guinn
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brendan Foley
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Giorgio Raimondi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Muckenhuber M, Mengrelis K, Weijler AM, Steiner R, Kainz V, Buresch M, Regele H, Derdak S, Kubetz A, Wekerle T. IL-6 inhibition prevents costimulation blockade-resistant allograft rejection in T cell-depleted recipients by promoting intragraft immune regulation in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4309. [PMID: 38830846 PMCID: PMC11148062 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48574-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of costimulation blockade with CTLA4-Ig (belatacept) in transplantation is limited due to T cell-mediated rejection, which also persists after induction with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG). Here, we investigate why ATG fails to prevent costimulation blockade-resistant rejection and how this barrier can be overcome. ATG did not prevent graft rejection in a murine heart transplant model of CTLA4-Ig therapy and induced a pro-inflammatory cytokine environment. While ATG improved the balance between regulatory T cells (Treg) and effector T cells in the spleen, it had no such effect within cardiac allografts. Neutralizing IL-6 alleviated graft inflammation, increased intragraft Treg frequencies, and enhanced intragraft IL-10 and Th2-cytokine expression. IL-6 blockade together with ATG allowed CTLA4-Ig therapy to achieve long-term, rejection-free heart allograft survival. This beneficial effect was abolished upon Treg depletion. Combining ATG with IL-6 blockade prevents costimulation blockade-resistant rejection, thereby eliminating a major impediment to clinical use of costimulation blockers in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Muckenhuber
- Div. of Transplantation, Dept. of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konstantinos Mengrelis
- Div. of Transplantation, Dept. of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Marianne Weijler
- Div. of Transplantation, Dept. of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romy Steiner
- Div. of Transplantation, Dept. of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Kainz
- Div. of Transplantation, Dept. of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlena Buresch
- Div. of Transplantation, Dept. of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Regele
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Derdak
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Kubetz
- Div. of Transplantation, Dept. of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Wekerle
- Div. of Transplantation, Dept. of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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43
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Hu Y, Ding J, Chen Y, Wang Q, Yang X, Hua H, Ye X. Soluble Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 Downregulation and Th17/Treg Imbalance in a Taurocholate-Induced Murine Experimental Model of Severe Acute Pancreatitis. J Clin Lab Anal 2024; 38:e25076. [PMID: 38853390 PMCID: PMC11211668 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with tremendous systemic inflammation, T-helper 17 (Th17) cells, and regulatory T (Treg) cells play an essential role in the inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Sfgl2) is a critical immunosuppressive effector cytokine of Treg cells and modulates immune responses. However, the impact of SAP induction on Sfgl2 expression and the role of Sfgl2 in immunomodulation under SAP conditions are largely unknown. METHODS A taurocholate-induced mouse SAP model was established. The ratios of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells or CD4+IL-17+ Th17 cells in blood and pancreatic tissues as well as surface expression of CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) were determined by flow cytometry. Gene mRNA expression was determined by qPCR. Serum amylase and soluble factors were quantitated by commercial kits. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were generated, and NF-κB/p65 translocation was measured by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS SAP induction in mice decreased the Th17/Treg ratio in the pancreatic tissue and increased the Th17/Treg ratio in the peripheral blood. In addition, SAP was associated with a reduced level of Sfgl2 in the pancreatic tissue and blood: higher levels of serum IL-17, IL-2, IFN-α, and TNF-α, and lower levels of serum IL-4 and IL-10. Furthermore, the SAP-induced reduction in Sfgl2 expression was accompanied by dysregulated maturation of bone marrow-derived DCs. CONCLUSIONS SAP causes reduced Sfgl2 expression and Th17/Treg imbalance, thus providing critical insights for the development of Sfgl2- and Th17/Treg balance-targeted immunotherapies for patients with SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Jin Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Qunying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Hongjun Hua
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaohua Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Jinhua HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineJinhuaZhejiangChina
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44
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Kenison JE, Stevens NA, Quintana FJ. Therapeutic induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:338-357. [PMID: 38086932 PMCID: PMC11145724 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of therapeutic approaches for the induction of robust, long-lasting and antigen-specific immune tolerance remains an important unmet clinical need for the management of autoimmunity, allergy, organ transplantation and gene therapy. Recent breakthroughs in our understanding of immune tolerance mechanisms have opened new research avenues and therapeutic opportunities in this area. Here, we review mechanisms of immune tolerance and novel methods for its therapeutic induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Kenison
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolas A Stevens
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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45
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Marafini I, Monteleone I, Laudisi F, Monteleone G. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signalling in the Control of Gut Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4527. [PMID: 38674118 PMCID: PMC11050475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a transcription factor activated by many natural and synthetic ligands, represents an important mediator of the interplay between the environment and the host's immune responses. In a healthy gut, AHR activation promotes tolerogenic signals, which help maintain mucosal homeostasis. AHR expression is defective in the inflamed gut of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), where decreased AHR signaling is supposed to contribute to amplifying the gut tissue's destructive immune-inflammatory responses. We here review the evidence supporting the role of AHR in controlling the "physiological" intestinal inflammation and summarize the data about the therapeutic effects of AHR activators, both in preclinical mouse models of colitis and in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marafini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ivan Monteleone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Laudisi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
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46
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Flippot R, Teixeira M, Rey-Cardenas M, Carril-Ajuria L, Rainho L, Naoun N, Jouniaux JM, Boselli L, Naigeon M, Danlos FX, Escudier B, Scoazec JY, Cassard L, Albiges L, Chaput N. B cells and the coordination of immune checkpoint inhibitor response in patients with solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008636. [PMID: 38631710 PMCID: PMC11029261 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy profoundly changed the landscape of cancer therapy by providing long-lasting responses in subsets of patients and is now the standard of care in several solid tumor types. However, immunotherapy activity beyond conventional immune checkpoint inhibition is plateauing, and biomarkers are overall lacking to guide treatment selection. Most studies have focused on T cell engagement and response, but there is a growing evidence that B cells may be key players in the establishment of an organized immune response, notably through tertiary lymphoid structures. Mechanisms of B cell response include antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, promotion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation, maintenance of antitumor immune memory. In several solid tumor types, higher levels of B cells, specific B cell subpopulations, or the presence of tertiary lymphoid structures have been associated with improved outcomes on immune checkpoint inhibitors. The fate of B cell subpopulations may be widely influenced by the cytokine milieu, with versatile roles for B-specific cytokines B cell activating factor and B cell attracting chemokine-1/CXCL13, and a master regulatory role for IL-10. Roles of B cell-specific immune checkpoints such as TIM-1 are emerging and could represent potential therapeutic targets. Overall, the expanding field of B cells in solid tumors of holds promise for the improvement of current immunotherapy strategies and patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Flippot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Marcus Teixeira
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Macarena Rey-Cardenas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Lucia Carril-Ajuria
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Medical Oncology, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Larissa Rainho
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Natacha Naoun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Mehdi Jouniaux
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Lisa Boselli
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Naigeon
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Francois-Xavier Danlos
- LRTI, INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Drug Development Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Bernard Escudier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Lydie Cassard
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Laurence Albiges
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Chaput
- Immunomonitoring Laboratory, CNRS3655 & INSERM US23, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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47
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Xing H, Li X. Engineered Nanomaterials for Tumor Immune Microenvironment Modulation in Cancer Immunotherapy. Chemistry 2024:e202400425. [PMID: 38576219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint blocking and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, has achieved promising results in clinical applications. However, it faces challenges that hinder its further development, such as limited response rates and poor tumor permeability. The efficiency of tumor immunotherapy is also closely linked to the structure and function of the immune microenvironment where the tumor resides. Recently, nanoparticle-based tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) modulation strategies have attracted a great deal of attention in cancer immunotherapy. This is primarily due to the distinctive physical characteristics of nanoparticles, which enable them to effectively infiltrate the TIME and selectively modulate its key constituents. This paper reviews recent advances in nanoparticle engineering to improve anti-cancer immunotherapy. Emerging nanoparticle-based approaches for modulating immune cells, tumor stroma, cytokines and immune checkpoints are discussed, aiming to overcome current challenges in the clinic. In addition, integrating immunotherapy with various treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy can be facilitated through the utilization of nanoparticles, thereby enhancing the efficacy of cancer treatment. The future challenges and opportunities of using nanomaterials to reeducate the suppressive immune microenvironment of tumors are also discussed, with the aim of anticipating further advancements in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, 200052, Shanghai, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
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Li H, Li H, Stanton C, Ross RP, Zhao J, Chen W, Yang B. Exopolysaccharides Produced by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum YS108R Ameliorates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Improving the Gut Barrier and Regulating the Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7055-7073. [PMID: 38520351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a major disease that has endangered human health. Our previous study demonstrated that Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum YS108R, a ropy exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacterium, could alleviate UC in mice, but it is unclear whether EPS is the key substance responsible for its action. In this study, we proposed to investigate the remitting effect of EPS from B. longum subsp. longum YS108R on UC in a DSS-induced UC mouse model. Water extraction and alcohol precipitation were applied to extract EPS from the supernatant of B. longum subsp. longum YS108R culture. Then the animal trial was performed, and the results indicated that YS108R EPS ameliorated colonic pathological damage and the intestinal barrier. YS108R EPS suppressed inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition and attenuated oxidative stress via the Nrf2 signaling pathway activation. Remarkably, YS108R EPS regulated gut microbiota, as evidenced by an increase in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria and a decline in Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in an increase of propionate and butyrate and a reduction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Collectively, YS108R EPS manipulated the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, which further improved the intestinal barrier and inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby alleviating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Haitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61 C996, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Hardtke-Wolenski M, Landwehr-Kenzel S. Tipping the balance in autoimmunity: are regulatory t cells the cause, the cure, or both? Mol Cell Pediatr 2024; 11:3. [PMID: 38507159 PMCID: PMC10954601 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-024-00176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subgroup of T-cell lymphocytes that is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive immune responses. Depending on their differentiation route, Tregs can be subdivided into thymically derived Tregs (tTregs) and peripherally induced Tregs (pTregs), which originate from conventional T cells after extrathymic differentiation at peripheral sites. Although the regulatory attributes of tTregs and pTregs partially overlap, their modes of action, protein expression profiles, and functional stability exhibit specific characteristics unique to each subset. Over the last few years, our knowledge of Treg differentiation, maturation, plasticity, and correlations between their phenotypes and functions has increased. Genetic and functional studies in patients with numeric and functional Treg deficiencies have contributed to our mechanistic understanding of immune dysregulation and autoimmune pathologies. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge of Treg biology, discusses monogenetic Treg pathologies and explores the role of Tregs in various other autoimmune disorders. Additionally, we discuss novel approaches that explore Tregs as targets or agents of innovative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hardtke-Wolenski
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
- University Hospital Essen, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Sybille Landwehr-Kenzel
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
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Li Y, Zhang C, Jiang A, Lin A, Liu Z, Cheng X, Wang W, Cheng Q, Zhang J, Wei T, Luo P. Potential anti-tumor effects of regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment: a review. J Transl Med 2024; 22:293. [PMID: 38509593 PMCID: PMC10953261 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing the transcription factor FoxP3 are essential for maintaining immunological balance and are a significant component of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Single-cell RNA sequencing (ScRNA-seq) technology has shown that Tregs exhibit significant plasticity and functional diversity in various tumors within the TME. This results in Tregs playing a dual role in the TME, which is not always centered around supporting tumor progression as typically believed. Abundant data confirms the anti-tumor activities of Tregs and their correlation with enhanced patient prognosis in specific types of malignancies. In this review, we summarize the potential anti-tumor actions of Tregs, including suppressing tumor-promoting inflammatory responses and boosting anti-tumor immunity. In addition, this study outlines the spatial and temporal variations in Tregs function to emphasize that their predictive significance in malignancies may change. It is essential to comprehend the functional diversity and potential anti-tumor effects of Tregs to improve tumor therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cangang Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiangshu Cheng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road. Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongiiang, China
| | - Wanting Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ting Wei
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Peng Luo
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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