Mechanical properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Table 1 Viscoelastic properties of hepatocytes and HCC cells under the action of colchicines (¯x ± s)

[colchicine] (mg•L-1)	Hepatocytes			HCC cells
	K1 (N•m-2)	K2 (N•m-2)	μ (Pa•s)	K1 (N•m-2)	K2 (N•m-2)	μ (Pa•s)
0.0	87.5 ± 12.1	33.3 ± 10.3	5.9 ± 3.0	103.6 ± 12.6	42.5 ± 10.4	4.5 ± 1.9
1.0	95.4 ± 14.1a	33.2 ± 7.7	3.9 ± 1.7b	86.7 ± 10.0b	20.6 ± 2.9b	4.5 ± 1.5
15.0	107.1 ± 23.0b	39.6 ± 12.2a	5.3 ± 1.9	31.4 ± 8.0b	7.0 ± 1.9b	1.3 ± 0.6b
30.0	99.5 ± 11.1b	28.0 ± 7.3a	4.0 ± 1.8b	53.5 ± 12.9b	12.3 ± 4.8b	2.1 ± 1.0b
60.0	104.4 ± 13.0b	30.6 ± 6.5	3.5 ± 1.1b	61.6 ± 16.0b	16.5 ± 6.5b	2.3 ± 1.2b

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs normal control

Table 2 Viscoelastic properties of hepatocytes and HCC cells under the action of vinblastine (¯x ± s)

[vinblastine] (mg•L-1)	Hepatocytes			HCC cells
	K1 (N•m-2)	K2 (N•m-2)	μ (Pa•s)	K1 (N•m-2)	K2 (N•m-2)	μ (Pa•s)
0.0	87.5 ± 12.1	33.3 ± 10.3	5.9 ± 3.0	103.6 ± 12.6	42.5 ± 10.4	4.5 ± 1.9
0.05	115.9 ± 15.9b	42.4 ± 8.8b	6.1 ± 2.3	118.4 ± 19.7b	23.1 ± 6.0b	5.6 ± 2.3
0.25	128.7 ± 2.4b	54.0 ± 6.3b	9.8 ± 1.6b	93.2 ± 11.3b	17.0 ± 3.2b	2.9 ± 1.0b
0.75	138.3 ± 23.2b	51.4 ± 13.4b	8.2 ± 3.3a	84.5 ± 6.2b	15.2 ± 3.1b	2.6 ± 0.8b
2.00	117.0 ± 9.1b	43.9 ± 7.7b	6.2 ± 2.3	53.4 ± 12.0b	8.7 ± 2.8b	1.0 ± 0.5b

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs normal control

Table 3 Viscoelastic properties of hepatocytes and HCC cells under the action of cytochalasin D (¯x ± s)

[cytochalasin D] (mg•L-1)	Hepatocytes			HCC cells
	K1 (N·m-2)	K2 (N•m-2)	μ (Pa•s)	K1 (N•m-2)	K2 (N•m-2)	μ (Pa•s)
0.00	87.5 ± 12.1	33.3 ± 10.3	5.9 ± 3.0	103.6 ± 12.6	42.5 ± 10.4	4.5 ± 1.9
0.25	37.7 ± 7.1b	12.9 ± 3.3b	2.0 ± 0.8b	29.5 ± 11.4b	6.5 ± 2.6b	1.6 ± 0.8b
0.50	39.5 ± 6.4b	13.8 ± 3.4b	2.6 ± 1.1b	21.9 ± 5.2b	5.4 ± 1.7b	1.1 ± 0.5b
2.50	42.4 ± 5.9b	16.1 ± 3.3b	2.9 ± 1.4b	31.7 ± 3.8b	7.1 ± 1.8b	2.5 ± 1.0b
5.00	44.9 ± 7.5b	16.1 ± 3.0b	2.6 ± 1.3b	34.9 ± 9.4b	8.0 ± 2.7b	1.9 ± 0.7b

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs normal control

Table 4 Adhesive forces of HTC on artificial basement membrane (¯x ± s)

Concentration of collagen IV (mg•L-1)	Fa (10-10 N)
1	107.8 ± 65.4
2	182.6 ± 107.9b
5	298.9 ± 144.1 d

^bP < 0.001 vs collagen IV 1 mg•L^-1; ^dP < 0.001 vs collagen IV 2 mg•L^-1

Table 5 Viscoelastic coefficients of HTC in different cycle (¯x ± s)

Viscoelastic coefficients	General	G1 phase	S phase
K1 (N•m-2)	186.5 ± 35.6	215.3 ± 50.2	179.7 ± 33.0b
K2 (N•m-2)	224.4 ± 114.5	181.9 ± 102.9	188.6 ± 87.1
μ (Pa•s)	3.1 ± 2.3	2.9 ± 1.3	4.7 ± 2.4b

^bP < 0.001 vs G₁ phase.