Diagnostic accuracy in early gastric cancer: Is endoscopic ultrasound staging still reliable?

Table 1 Advanced endoscopic ultrasound imaging techniques in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract lesions (non-exhaustive)

Technique	Definition
EUS elastography	A technique that evaluates the stiffness of tissues, performed in real time[63]
Contrast-enhanced EUS	Uses contrast agents smaller than red blood cells to highlight small vessels and venules, helping differentiate pathological lesions[63]
EUS image fusion	Image fusion of EUS with CT, MRI or PET (under development)[64]
3D EUS	Enable the reconstruction of 3D images of the GIT and adjacent organs[65]
Artificial intelligence-assisted EUS	Promising tool for improving the accuracy and efficiency of EUS[65]

EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; GIT: Gastrointestinal tract; 3D: Three-dimensional; CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; PET: Positron emission tomography.