Abdominal nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia - intraoperative pitfalls, differential diagnosis, literature review: A case report

Table 1 Immunohistochemical findings in different cell populations

Antibodies	Histiocytes	Mesothelial cells	Epithelial cells
Cytokeratin AE1/AE3	–	+	+
CK7	–	–	+
CK20	–	–	–
CDX2	–	–	+
CD68Kp1	+	–	–
CD163	+	–	–
WT-1	–	+	–
Calretinin	–	+	–
CD14	+	–	–
CD45	–	–	–
CD34	–	–	–
PAX8	–	–	–
P53	–	–	+
PD-L1	–	–	+

Table 2 Abdominopelvic nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia patients with differential diagnoses reported in the literature

Case	Age/sex	Site	Clinical information	Differential diagnosis	Ref.
1	48/female	Pelvis	Diffuse enlargement of the uterus causing DVT	HIFU induced thermal injury, serous ovarian carcinoma, mesothelioma	[4]
2	38/female	Pelvis	Uterine leiomyoma, endometriosis	Metastatic renal cell carcinoma, paraganglioma	[5]
3	36/female	Pelvis	Infertility, dysmenorrhea	Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, leukemia, lymphoma	[6]
4	37/female	Pelvis	Infertility, endometriosis	Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, leukemia, lymphoma	[6]
5	56/male	Peritoneum	Umbilical swelling in HIV+	Peritoneal carcinomatosis, peritoneal lymphomatosis, tuberculous, peritonitis	[7]
6	61/male	Peritoneum	Severe peritoneal adhesions with multilocular peritoneal cyst	Benign mesothelioma	[8]
7	32/female	Peritoneum	Endometriosis in the wall of a ruptured ovarian cyst	Endometriosis	[8]
8	69/male	Peritoneum	Deciduous mesothelioma	Peritoneal mesothelioma	[8]
9	48/female	Peritoneum	Fluid from cavum Douglas	Inflammation vs malignancy	[8]
10	33/female	Peritoneum	Hydrocele in inguinal canal	Inflammation vs malignancy	[8]
11	60/male	Peritoneum	Inguinal hernia	Inflammation vs malignancy	[8]
12	5/male	Peritoneum	Spermatocele of funiculus spermaticus	Benign nodule	[8]
13	70/female	Peritoneum	Uterus myomatosus, diverticulitis and severe abdominal adhesions	Inflammation vs malignancy	[8]
14	45/female	Peritoneum	Endosalpingiosis of omentum and ovarian cysts	Carcinoma	[8]
15	36/female	Peritoneum	Multilocular mesothelial cyst	Benign mesothelioma	[8]
16	19/male	Peritoneum	Liver biopsy, nos	Benign nodule	[8]
17	45/female	Peritoneum	Serous cystic tumor of borderline malignancy	Peritoneal tumor implants	[8]
18	29/female	Peritoneum	Pelvic biopsy, nos	Benign nodule	[8]
19	22/male	Peritoneum	Steatonecrosis in fat tissue of the ileum	Benign nodule	[8]
20	31/female	Peritoneum	Biopsy in the Douglas pouch	Benign nodule	[8]
21	67/male	Peritoneum	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Metastasis in the umbilical area	[8]
22	58/female	Peritoneum	Hernia sac	Inflammation vs malignancy	[8]
23	55/female	Peritoneum	Umbilical hernia, ovarian fibromas	Inflammation vs malignancy	[8]
24	33/female	Peritoneum	Ovarian cyst with peritoneal abscess	Inflammation vs malignancy	[8]
25	28/female	Peritoneum	Endometriosis in the wall from ruptured ovarian cyst	Endometriosis	[8]
26	59/female	Fallopian tube and peritoneum	High grade serous carcinoma of the ovary	Peritoneal metastasis	[8]
27	51/female	Fallopian tube	High grade serous carcinoma of the ovary	Peritoneal metastasis	[8]
28	87/male	Right colon	Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the cecum	Lymph node mesenteric metastasis	[9]
29	57/male	Epigastric region	Epigastric pain and incarcerated bowel	Nodules nos vs malignancy	[1]
30	74/male	Pelvis	Bladder papillary transitional cell carcinoma	Nodules nos vs malignancy	[10]
31	44/female	Omentum	Borderline mucinous cistoadenoma	Peritoneal carcinomatosis	[11]
32	41/female	Omentum	Low grade serous cystoadenocarcinoma	Peritoneal carcinomatosis	[11]
33	6/female	Omentum	Juvenile granulosa-cell tumor	Peritoneal carcinomatosis	[11]
34	57/female	Peritoneum	Adenocarcinoma of the stomach post CT	Peritoneal carcinomatosis	Present case

DVT: Deep vein thrombosis; HIFU: High-intensity focused ultrasound; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; CT: Computed tomography.