Plasma DNA methylation detection for early screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 210 patients with esophageal cancer

Clinicopathological data	n	SHOX2 methylation	Septin9 methylation	EPO methylation	RNF180 methylation	Combined methylation detection
Tumor pathology
Adenocarcinoma	33
Squamous cell carcinoma	177
P value		0.354	0.19	0.524	0.098	0.527
Gender
Male	122
Female	88
Male vs female		0.416	0.379	0.439	0.279	0.464
Age at diagnosis
≤ 60 years	73
> 60 years	137
Median age (years)	65.6
Mean age (years)	63.5
≤ 60 vs > 60 years		0.665	0.011	0.021	0.211	0.001
Tumor stage
I-II	19
III-IV	191
I-II vs III-IV		0.019	0.022	0.001	0.149	0.001
Follow-up
Follow-up available	23

Table 2 Results of logistic regression analysis (Cox proportional hazard models)

Univariate analysis		Number of patients	OR (95%CI)	P value
Gender	(Male vs female)	210	0.65 (0.32-1.34)	0.568
Age at diagnosis	(≤ 60 vs > 60 years)	210	2.32 (1.45-6.61)	0.021
SCCA	(≤ 3.5 vs > 3.5 U/mL)	210	3.01 (1.54-6.45)	0.023
EPO methylation	(EPO− vs EPO+)	210	7.89 (3.28-18.21)	0.001
SEPT9 methylation	(SEPT9− vs SEPT9+)	210	7.15 (2.86-17.63)	0.001

SCCA: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen; OR: Odds ratio.