Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 28, 2024; 30(28): 3403-3417
Published online Jul 28, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i28.3403
Table 1 Clinicopathological data of patients with rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms, n (%)

All (n = 1408)
n
Sex1408
    Female591 (42.0)
    Male817 (58.0)
Age, year51.9 (12.1)1408
Size (cm)1408
    ≤ 1872 (61.9)
    1-2291 (20.7)
    > 2171 (12.1)
    NA74 (5.3)
Size (cm)1.3 (1.2)1334
Neoadjuvant therapy1408
    No1385 (98.4)
    Yes23 (1.6)
Complete resection
    No48 (3.4)
    Yes1360 (96.6)
Pathological type1408
    NET1307 (92.8)
    NEC71 (5.0)
    MANEC14 (1.0)
    NA16 (1.1)
Pathological grade,1408
    G11149 (81.6)
    G2158 (11.2)
    G385 (6.0)
    NA16 (1.1)
T stage1408
    T11150 (81.7)
    T2140 (9.9)
    T382 (5.8)
    T436 (2.6)
Lymphatic metastasis1408
    No1305 (92.7)
    Yes103 (7.3)
TNM stage1408
    I1133 (80.5)
    II130 (9.2)
    III92 (6.5)
    IV53 (3.8)
Lymph vascular invasion1408
    No1347 (95.7)
    Yes61 (4.3)
CgA1408
    Negative1046 (74.3)
    Positive362 (25.7)
Syn1408
    Negative381 (27.1)
    Positive1027 (72.9)
Adjuvant therapy1408
    No1318 (93.6)
    Yes90 (6.4)
Table 2 Characteristics of patients with rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms from training database and validation set (2010-2022), n (%)

All
Training set
Validation set
P value
n = 1183
n = 819
n = 364
Sex0.402
    Female504 (42.6)356 (43.5)148 (40.7)
    Male679 (57.4)463 (56.5)216 (59.3)
Age, year51.7 (12.0)51.5 (12.0)52.3 (12.0)0.291
Size, year1.1 (1.0)1.1 (1.0)1.2 (1.2)0.187
Size (cm)0.300
    ≤ 1819 (69.2)568 (69.4)251 (69.0)
    1-2246 (20.8)176 (21.5)70 (19.2)
    > 2118 (10.0)75 (9.2)43 (11.8)
PLR126.1 (52.3)126.6 (54.3)124.9 (47.6)0.588
NLR2.3 (5.1)2.2 (2.5)2.5 (8.4)0.559
PNI54.1 (6.8)54.2 (6.9)53.9 (6.5)0.455
Pathological type0.824
    NET1134 (95.9)786 (96.0)348 (95.6)
    NEC44 (3.7)29 (3.5)15 (4.1)
    MANEC5 (0.4)4 (0.5)1 (0.3)
Pathological grade0.876
    G11020 (86.2)705 (86.1)315 (86.5)
    G2114 (9.6)81 (9.9)33 (9.1)
    G349 (4.1)33 (4.0)16 (4.4)
T stage0.358
    T11010 (85.4)707 (86.3)303 (83.2)
    T2111 (9.4)74 (9.0)37 (10.2)
    T345 (3.8)29 (3.5)16 (4.4)
    T417 (1.4)9 (1.1)8 (2.2)
Lymphatic metastasis0.290
    No1107 (93.6)771 (94.1)336 (92.3)
    Yes76 (6.4)48 (5.9)28 (7.7)
TNM stage0.227
    I996 (84.2)699 (85.3)297 (81.6)
    II108 (9.1)71 (8.7)37 (10.2)
    III79 (6.7)49 (6.0)30 (8.2)
Lymph vascular invasion0.252
    No1149 (97.1)799 (97.6)350 (96.2)
    Yes34 (2.9)20 (2.4)14 (3.8)
CgA0.100
    Negative871 (73.6)615 (75.1)256 (70.3)
    Positive312 (26.4)204 (24.9)108 (29.7)
Syn0.393
    Negative297 (25.1)212 (25.9)85 (23.4)
    Positive886 (74.9)607 (74.1)279 (76.6)
Adjuvant therapy0.286
    No1125 (95.1)783 (95.6)342 (94.0)
    Yes58 (4.9)36 (4.4)22 (6.0)
Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic variables in relation to overall survival and progression free survival in patients with rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms
Univariate analysis1
Multivariate analysis1
Univariate analysis2
Multivariate analysis2
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
Sex (male)1.148 (0.588-2.243)0.6861.168 (0.648-2.106)0.605
Age (> 60)2.194 (1.115-4.317)0.0232.875 (1.505-5.495)< 0.001
PLR (> 128.00)1.592 (0.818-3.100)0.1711.313 (0.668-2.577)0.402
NLR (> 1.45)1.629 (0.740-3.585)0.2262.322 (1.106-4.874)0.007
PNI (> 46.57)0.144 (0.071-0.295)0.0230.233 (0.109-0.499)< 0.0010.130 (0.043-0.392)< 0.0010.365 (0.135-0.583)0.010
Size (cm)
    ≤ 1-Ref.-Ref.-Ref.
    1-26.190 (2.591-14.790)< 0.0011.706 (0.538-5.413)0.3644.960 (1.956-12.580)0.001
    > 213.439 (5.563-32.468)< 0.0013.349 (1.314-8.533)0.01110.240 (5.200-25.200)< 0.001
Pathological type
    NET-Ref.-Ref.
    NEC31.177 (14.961-64.968)< 0.00115.121 (5.590-59.102)< 0.001
    MANEC27.899 (6.399-121.627)< 0.00126.252 (6.203-85.32)< 0.001
Pathological grade
    G1-Ref.-Ref.-Ref.-Ref.
    G26.380 (2.582-15.768)0.0014.211 (1.603-11.059)0.0048.680 (2.830-20.602)< 0.0012.937 (1.011-8.535)0.048
    G348.175 (21.495-107.969)< 0.00130.681 (10.821-86.988)< 0.00125.362 (6.362-62.325)< 0.0017.126 (2.685-18.913)< 0.001
T stage
    T1-Ref.-Ref.-Ref.
    T23.234 (1.169-8.945)0.02413.370 (3.794-47.086)< 0.0012.136 (1.236-5.362)0.025
    T317.473 (7.846-38.915)< 0.00112.630 (2.635-18.354)< 0.0016.653 (2.368-15.362)0.001
    T423.081 (8.328-63.964)< 0.00126.368 (5.364-53.258)< 0.0018.365 (3.325-13.325)< 0.001
Lymph node metastasis (yes)11.387 (5.786-22.409)< 0.00112.440 (4.172-37.112)< 0.001
TNM stage
    I-Ref.-Ref.
    II3.280 (1.188-9.056)0.0226.839 (1.692-27.650)0.006
    III14.524 (7.080-29.797)< 0.00117.792 (5.982-52.932)< 0.001
Lymph vascular invasion (yes)5.753 (2.013-16.447)0.0015.899 (1.213-28.703)< 0.001
CgA (positive)1.992 (1.012-3.919)0.0461.188 (0.608-2.322)0.512
Syn (positive)1.161 (0.541-2.492)0.7020.960 (0.483-1.908)0.919
Adjuvant therapy (yes)10.775 (5.161-22.499)< 0.00113.110 (3.737-45.962)< 0.001