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©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 7, 2024; 30(21): 2763-2776
Published online Jun 7, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i21.2763
Published online Jun 7, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i21.2763
Table 1 Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients, n (%)
Variables | Value |
Gender (male/female) | 147 (91.9)/13 (8.1) |
Age, yr (≤ 50/> 50) | 69 (43.1)/91 (56.9) |
OS status (survive/dead) | 105 (65.5)/55 (34.5) |
RFS status (survive/relapsed) | 104 (65.0)/56 (35.0) |
ALT, U/L (≤ 40/> 40) | 91 (56.9)/69 (43.1) |
AST, U/L (≤ 40/> 40) | 61 (38.1)/99 (61.9) |
ALP, U/L (≤ 125/> 125) | 108 (67.5)/52 (32.5) |
GGT, U/L (≤ 60/> 60) | 55 (34.4)/105 (65.6) |
AFP, ng/mL (≤ 200/200-1000/> 1000) | 107 (66.9)/19 (11.8)/34 (21.3) |
GP73, ng/mL (≤ 150/> 150) | 84 (52.5)/76 (47.5) |
DCP, ng/mL (≤ 40/> 40) | 96 (60.0)/64 (40.0) |
CK18-M65, U/L (≤ 500/> 500) | 48 (30.0)/112 (70.0) |
CK18-M30, U/L (≤ 500/> 500) | 91 (56.9)/69 (43.1) |
Pathological diferentiation (well/moderate/poor) | 9 (5.6)/127 (79.4)/24 (15.0) |
Number of tumours (solitary/multiple) | 79 (49.4)/81 (50.6) |
Maximum tumor diameter, cm (≤ 5/> 5) | 112 (70.0)/48 (30.0) |
Total tumor diameter, cm (≤ 8/> 8) | 114 (71.3)/46 (28.7) |
Vascular invasion (yes/no) | 42 (26.2)/118 (73.8) |
Lymph node metastasis (yes/no) | 20 (12.5)/140 (87.5) |
Membrane invasion (yes/no) | 51 (31.9)/109 (68.1) |
Microsatellite lesions (yes/no) | 79 (49.4)/81 (50.6) |
Child-Pugh score (≤ 8/> 8) | 116 (71.5)/44 (27.5) |
MELD score (≤ 20/> 20) | 147 (91.9)/13 (8.1) |
Milan (yes/no) | 64 (40.0)/96 (60.0) |
UCSF (yes/no) | 77 (48.1)/83 (51.9) |
Hangzhou (yes/no) | 109 (68.1)/51 (31.9) |
Table 2 The efficacy analysis of biomarkers
Variable | Cut-off | Specificity | Sensitivity | Positive rate | AUC | P value |
AFP | 400 ng/m L | 87% | 56% | 28% | 0.72 | < 0.001 |
DCP | 26 ng/m L | 71% | 69% | 42% | 0.71 | < 0.001 |
GP73 | 222 ng/m L | 87% | 38% | 21% | 0.62 | 0.009 |
CK18-M65 | 1066 U/L | 73% | 67% | 41% | 0.72 | < 0.001 |
CK18-M30 | 530 U/L | 75% | 71% | 41% | 0.73 | < 0.001 |
Table 3 Univariate analysis for overall survival and recurrence-free survival
Variable | n | Overall survival (%) | P value | Recurrence-free survival (%) | P value | ||||
1 yr | 3 yr | 5 yr | 1 yr | 3 yr | 5 yr | ||||
Number of tumour | 0.054 | 0.006 | |||||||
Single tumor | 79 | 0.87 | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.75 | ||
Multiple tumors | 81 | 0.88 | 0.64 | 0.57 | 0.69 | 0.55 | 0.54 | ||
Maximum tumor diameter (cm) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
> 5 | 48 | 0.79 | 0.50 | 0.43 | 0.58 | 0.45 | - | ||
≤ 5 | 112 | 0.92 | 0.80 | 0.73 | 0.80 | 0.75 | 0.73 | ||
Total tumor diameter (cm) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
> 8 | 46 | 0.74 | 0.43 | 0.38 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.34 | ||
≤ 8 | 114 | 0.93 | 0.82 | 0.76 | 0.86 | 0.78 | - | ||
Vascular invasion | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
Yes | 42 | 0.69 | 0.50 | 0.37 | 0.50 | 0.33 | 0.31 | ||
No | 118 | 0.90 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.82 | 0.78 | - | ||
Lymph node metastasis | 0.098 | 0.129 | |||||||
Yes | 20 | 0.75 | 0.60 | 0.49 | 0.60 | 0.50 | - | ||
No | 140 | 0.92 | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.68 | 0.67 | ||
Membrane invasion | 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
Yes | 59 | 0.78 | 0.54 | 0.50 | 0.76 | 0.52 | 0.46 | ||
No | 101 | 0.92 | 0.78 | 0.72 | 0.95 | 0.82 | 0.76 | ||
Microsatellite lesions | 0.002 | 0.001 | |||||||
Yes | 79 | 0.83 | 0.60 | 0.52 | 0.65 | 0.53 | 0.51 | ||
No | 81 | 0.92 | 0.81 | 0.77 | 0.81 | 0.79 | 0.77 | ||
AFP | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
≤ 400 | 115 | 0.90 | 0.82 | 0.78 | 0.86 | 0.79 | - | ||
> 400 | 45 | 0.82 | 0.42 | 0.33 | 0.42 | 0.31 | 0.28 | ||
GP73 | 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
≤ 222 | 126 | 0.91 | 0.76 | 0.73 | 0.78 | 0.73 | 0.72 | ||
> 222 | 34 | 0.76 | 0.52 | 0.34 | 0.55 | 0.38 | - | ||
DCP | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
≤ 26 | 92 | 0.91 | 0.82 | 0.81 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.81 | ||
> 26 | 68 | 0.83 | 0.55 | 0.44 | 0.57 | 0.42 | 0.41 | ||
CK18-M65 (U/L) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
≤ 1066 | 95 | 0.93 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.85 | 0.80 | 0.80 | ||
> 1066 | 65 | 0.80 | 0.52 | 0.41 | 0.56 | 0.43 | 0.41 | ||
CK18-M30 (U/L) | < 0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||
≤ 530 | 95 | 0.94 | 0.86 | 0.83 | 0.86 | 0.83 | 0.82 | ||
> 530 | 65 | 0.78 | 0.49 | 0.39 | 0.54 | 0.40 | 0.39 | ||
MC | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
Yes | 64 | 0.97 | 0.86 | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.81 | ||
No | 96 | 0.82 | 0.61 | 0.55 | 0.63 | 0.54 | 0.53 | ||
UCSF | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
Yes | 77 | 0.97 | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.90 | 0.87 | 0.85 | ||
No | 83 | 0.79 | 0.54 | 0.46 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 0.45 | ||
Hangzhou | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||
Yes | 109 | 0.95 | 0.83 | 0.78 | 0.86 | 0.81 | 0.80 | ||
No | 51 | 0.80 | 0.45 | 0.37 | 0.47 | 0.33 | 0.31 |
Table 4 Multivariate Cox hazards analysis for overall survival
Variable | B | SE | HR | 95%CI | P value |
AFP > 400 ng/mL | 1.22 | 0.28 | 3.38 | 1.95-5.88 | < 0.001 |
CK18-M30 > 530 U/L | 1.14 | 0.31 | 3.15 | 1.69-5.87 | < 0.001 |
TTD > 8 cm | 0.92 | 0.28 | 2.52 | 1.45-4.40 | 0.001 |
Table 5 Multivariate Cox hazards analysis for recurrence-free survival
Variable | B | SE | HR | 95%CI | P value |
AFP > 400 ng/mL | 1.45 | 0.28 | 4.28 | 2.47-7.40 | < 0.001 |
CK18-M30 > 530 U/L | 0.97 | 0.31 | 2.66 | 1.44-4.91 | 0.002 |
TTD > 8 cm | 1.10 | 0.28 | 3.03 | 1.73-5.29 | < 0.001 |
Table 6 The area under the curve comparison of the nomogram with the other standards
Overall survival | Recurrence-free survival | |||||||
Nomogram | Milan | UCSF | Hangzhou | Nomogram | Milan | UCSF | Hangzhou | |
t = 1-yr | 0.78 | 0.66 | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.86 | 0.65 | 0.72 | 0.73 |
t = 3-yr | 0.85 | 0.65 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.88 | 0.66 | 0.73 | 0.73 |
t = 5-yr | 0.87 | 0.67 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.91 | 0.68 | 0.74 | 0.76 |
Table 7 Division of the risk classification and 5-year survival rate
Low risk | Middle risk | High risk | |
OS | |||
Total points | 0-98 | 100-198 | 215-315 |
5-yr survival rate | ≥ 90% | 70%-89% | ≤ 30% |
RFS | |||
Total points | 0-100 | 108-208 | 208-280 |
5-yr survival rate | ≥ 90% | 45%-89% | ≤ 45% |
- Citation: He L, Ji WS, Jin HL, Lu WJ, Zhang YY, Wang HG, Liu YY, Qiu S, Xu M, Lei ZP, Zheng Q, Yang XL, Zhang Q. Development of a nomogram for predicting liver transplantation prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30(21): 2763-2776
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v30/i21/2763.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v30.i21.2763