Association of tumor budding with clinicopathological features and prognostic value in stage III-IV colorectal cancer

Table 1 Patient population characteristics according to tumor budding

Characteristics	Total, n = 547	Bd 1, n = 386	Bd 2-3, n = 161	P value
Sex				0.514
Male	317 (58.0)	224 (58.0)	93 (57.8)
Female	230 (42.0)	162 (42.0)	68 (42.2)
Age in yr				0.141
< 60	276 (50.5)	201 (52.1)	75 (46.6)
≥ 60	271 (49.5)	185 (47.9)	86 (53.4)
Chemotherapy				0.055
Yes	319 (58.3)	234 (60.6)	85 (52.8)
No	228 (41.7)	152 (39.4)	76 (47.2)
Radiotherapy				0.119
Yes	32 (5.9)	26 (6.7)	6 (3.7)
No	515 (94.1)	360 (93.3)	155 (96.3)
Perineural invasion				< 0.001
Yes	171 (31.3)	100 (25.9)	71 (44.1)
No	376 (68.7)	286 (74.1)	90 (55.9)
Vascular invasion				0.004
Yes	152 (27.8)	94 (24.4)	58 (36.0)
No	395 (72.2)	292 (75.6)	103 (64.0)
Clinical stages				0.006
3	436 (79.7)	319 (82.6)	117 (72.7)
4	111 (20.3)	67 (17.4)	44 (27.3)
Lymphatic invasion				0.019
N0	134 (24.5)	105 (27.2)	29 (18.0)
N1	258 (47.2)	183 (47.4)	75 (46.6)
N2	155 (28.3)	98 (25.4)	57 (35.4)
Tumor location				0.458
Right-sided colon	167 (30.5)	124 (32.1)	43 (26.7)
Left-sided colon	136 (24.9)	93 (24.1)	43 (26.7)
Rectosigmoid	244 (44.6)	169 (43.8)	75 (46.6)

Data are n (%).

Table 2 Patients with KRAS, NRAS, BRAF mutations according to tumor budding

Characteristics	Total, n = 112	Bd 1, n = 87	Bd 2-3, n = 25	P value
KRAS				0.064
Wild	53 (47.3)	45 (51.7)	8 (32.0)
Mutant	59 (52.7)	42 (48.3)	17 (68.0)
NRAS				0.275
Wild	107 (95.5)	82 (94.3)	25 (100.0)
Mutant	5 (4.5)	5 (5.7)	0 (0.0)
BRAF				0.597
Wild	106 (94.6)	82 (94.3)	24 (96.0)
Mutant	6 (5.4)	5 (5.7)	1 (4.0)

Data are n (%).