Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer oxaliplatin resistance and liquid biopsy potential

Table 1 Dysregulation of microRNAs and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer

MiRNAs	Expression1	Targets and pathways	Ref.
miR-135b-5p	↑	MUL1/ULK1	[49]
miR-454-3p	↑	PTEN	[50]
miR-19a	↑	PTEN/PI3K/AKT	[51]
miR-543	↑	PTEN/Akt/mTOR	[52]
miR-107	↑	CAB39/AMPK/mTOR	[53]
miR-503-5p	↑	PUMA	[54]
miR-744	↑	BIN1	[55]
miR-5000-3p	↑	USP49	[56]
miR-146b-5p	↑	WBSCR22	[57]
miR-19b-3p	↑	SMAD4	[58]
miR-1278	↓	-	[59]
miR-506	↓	Wnt/β-catenin	[60]
miR-200b-3p	↓	TUBB3	[61]
miR-122	↓	XIAP	[62]
miR-193a-5p	↓	CXCR4	[63]
miR-483-3p	↓	FAM171B	[64]
miR-325	↓	HSPA12B/PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2	[65]
miR-195-5p	↓	-	[66]
miR-497-5p	↓	-
miR-34a	↓	TGF-β/Smad4	[68]
miR-27b-3p	↓	-	[69]

¹Aberrant expression of miRNAs either up-regulated (↑) or down-regulated (↓) in CRC oxaliplatin resistance.

MiRNAs: MicroRNAs.

Table 2 Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer

LncRNAs	Expression1	Targets and pathways	Ref.
GIHCG	↑	-	[82]
lncARSR	↑	-	[83]
HOTAIR	↑	miR-1277-5p/ZEB1	[85]
MALAT1	↑	MALAT1/miR-218/EZH2	[86]
	↑	miR-324-3p/ADAM17	[88]
OIP5-AS1	↑	miR-137	[89]
Linc00152	↑	miR-193a-3p/ERBB4/AKT	[90]
CASC15	↑	miR-145/ABCC1	[92]
CBR3-AS1	↑	miR-145-5p	[93]
CRNDE	↑	miR-136/E2F1	[94]
LINC00460	↑	miR-149-5p/miR-150-5p/p53	[95]
KCNQ1OT1	↑	miR-34a/Atg4B	[96]
MIR155HG	↑	miR-650/Annexin A2	[91]
lnc-RP11-536 K7.3	↑	SOX2/HIF-1α/USP7	[97]
TUG1	↑	GATA6/BMP	[98]
LUCAT1	↑	UBA52/RPL40/MDM2/p53	[99]
PiHL	↑	EZH2/HMGA2/PI3K/Akt	[100]
ELFN1-AS1	↑	EZH2/DNMT3a/MEIS1	[102]
SNHG5	↑	STAU1	[103]
CCAT2	↑	BOP1/AURKA	[104]
NBAT-1	↓	WWC3/LATS1/YAP	[105]
MEG3	↓	-	[106]
		miR-141/PDCD4	[107]
lnc-AP	↓	pep-AP/TALDO1	[108]
lncRNA PVT1	-	hsa-miR-297/GSTA2	[109]

¹Aberrant expression of lncRNAs either up-regulated (↑) or down-regulated (↓) in CRC oxaliplatin resistance.

LncRNAs: Long non-coding RNAs.

Table 3 Dysregulation of circular RNAs and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer

CircRNAs	Expression1	Targets and pathways	Ref.
circPTK2	↑	miR-136-5P/YTHDF1	[122]
(hsa_circ_0003221)
circ_0032833	↑	miR-125-5p/MSI1	[123]
hsa_circ_0079662	↑	hsa-mir-324-5p/TNF-α/HOXA9	[124]
circHIPK3	↑	miR-637/STAT3/Bcl-2/Beclin1	[125]
Circular CCDC66	↑	PI3KK/p-DHX9	[126]
hsa_circ_32883/	↑	-	[127,128]
hsa_circ_0338	↑

¹Aberrant expression of circRNAs either up-regulated (↑) or down-regulated (↓) in CRC oxaliplatin resistance.

CircRNAs: Circular RNAs.

Table 4 Aberrant exosomal non-coding RNAs and their targets in the chemoresistance of colorectal cancer

Exosomal ncRNAs1	Donor cells	Recipient cells	Targets and pathways	Ref.
miR-21↓	THLG-293T/LG-293T cells	CRC cells	-	[156]
miR-208b↑	CRC cells	T cells	PDCD4	[145]
miR-92a-3p↑	CAFs cells	CRC cells	FBXW7/MOAP1	[20]
miR-46146↑	CRC-R cells	CRC-S cells	PDCD10	[146]
miR-1915-3p↓	FHC cells	CRC cells	PFKFB3/USP2	[147]
lncRNA H19↑	CAFs cells	CRC cells	-	[141]
lncRNA CCAL↑	CAFs cells	CRC cells	HuR/β-catenin	[142]
cricN4BP2L2	CAFs cells	CRC cells	EIF4A3/PI3K/AKT/mTOR	[143]
ciRS-122↑	CRC-R cells	CRC-S cells	miR-122/PKM2	[148]
circ_0094343↓	NCM460 cells	CRC cells	miR-766-5p/TRIM67	[144]

¹Aberrant exosomal ncRNAs are either up-regulated (↑) or down-regulated (↓) in CRC oxaliplatin resistance. CRC-R cells and CRC-S cells represent oxaliplatin-resistant and oxaliplatin-sensitive cells, respectively.

ncRNAs: Non-coding RNAs; CRC: Colorectal cancer; CAFs: Cancer-associated fibroblasts.