Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 28, 2020; 26(36): 5484-5497
Published online Sep 28, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i36.5484
Table 1 True fast imaging with steady precession acquisition parameters
ParametersValues
Repetition time3.26 ms
Echo time1.63 ms
Pixel size2.5 mm × 1.8 mm
Slice thickness8 mm
Flip angle50 degrees
Parallel imaging acceleration2
Number of averages1
Number of frames50
Time between frames409 ms
Duration of acquisition21 s
TrueFISP: True fast imaging with steady precession.
Table 2 Basic characteristics and symptoms in controls and disease groups
Controls, n = 22Crohn’s disease, n = 134IBS, n = 34Ulcerative colitis, n = 15Other, n = 15Dysmotility, n = 4P value
Men/women12 (54.5)/1075 (56.0)/598 (23.5)/268 (53.3)/713 (86.7)/21 (25.0)/30.001
(45.5)(44.0)(76.5)(46.7)(13.3)(75.0)
Age (yr)30 (25-52)35 (28-48)34 (24-44)35 (25-44)45 (30-67)43 (37-63)0.130
Weight (kg)65 (55-89)73 (61-85)70 (55-84)79 (54-90)76 (66-93)66 (64-70)0.639
Missing value24952
Abdominal pain0 (0-0)25 (0-51)71 (54-82)0 (0-35)66 (24-80)80 (16-99)< 0.001
Days of pain0 (0-0)29 (0-71)61 (23-100)21(0-21)36 (7-100)50 (0-< 0.001
Diarrhea3 (0-14)41 (8-70)54 (20-76)43 (22-51)50 (10-67)42 (2-90)0.003
Constipation5 (0-14)12 (0-46)37 (4-62)20 (0-52)50 (7-68)90 (74-96)0.002
Bloating0 (0-7)22 (0-47)51 (26-63)0 (0-38)0 (0-46)82 (18-99)< 0.001
Vomiting and Nausea2 (0-16)6 (0-25)25 (2-65)0 (0-8)18 (3-49)75 (65-95)< 0.001
Flatulence6 (0-26)46 (25-68)63 (48-89)23 (8-54)21 (5-73)76 (66-94)< 0.001
Satisfaction with bowel habits10 (7-20)50 (22-76)54 (28-80)44 (13-57)62 (18-71)86 (63-100)< 0.001
Influence on daily life5 (0-15)51 (25-75)77 (58-88)50 (36-60)49 (22-66)100 (80-100)< 0.001
Psychological well-being8 (5-17)36 (14-77)48 (20-71)7 (2-42)52 (5-76)100 (94-< 0.001
Total IBS-SSS16 (10-72)172 (88-301)317 (234-351)157 (114-194)182 (90-313)318 (146-< 0.001
Missing value669710102
Values are presented as median and interquartile range or number and percentage. Symptoms were assessed by the visual analog scale for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)[13], and the IBS-symptom severity scale[16] on a scale ranging from 0–100 mm, where 0 represents no symptoms and 100 maximal symptoms. Kruskal-Wallis test and Fisher’s exact test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome; IBS-SSS: IBS-symptom severity scale.
Table 3 Motility index in different groups and stratified for sex
Controls, n = 22Crohn’s disease, n = 134IBS, n = 34Ulcerative colitis, n = 15Other, n = 15Dysmotility, n = 4P valueANOVA
Jejunum0.36 ± 0.080.32 ± 0.090.33 ± 0.070.30 ± 0.100.27 ± 0.070.39 ± 0.070.021
Missing110020
Men0.34 ± 0.100.34 ± 0.080.35 ± 0.080.29 ± 0.090.27 ± 0.080.39 ± -#-
Women0.37 ± 0.050.31 ± 0.090.33 ± 0.060.30 ± 0.120.28 ± 0.060.39 ± 0.09
P value sex0.4050.0850.3650.7610.7780.957
Ileum0.42 ± 0.060.38 ± 0.090.40 ± 0.060.38 ± 0.090.36 ± 0.080.39 ± 0.030.200
Missing110020
Men0.43 ± 0.540.38 ± 0.090.37 ± 0.050.38 ± 0.110.36 ± 0.080.36 ± -#-
Women0.42 ± 0.060.37 ± 0.090.40 ± 0.070.38 ± 0.060.41 ± 0.010.40 ± 0.03
P value sex0.8980.4870.2510.9400.3990.384
Terminal ileum0.34 ± 0.100.27 ± 0.110.32 ± 0.090.32 ± 0.080.22 ± 0.050.34 ± 0.020.007
Missing3192450
Men0.31 ± 0.090.26 ± 0.110.27 ± 0.070.35 ± 0.090.22 ± 0.050.36 ± -#-
Women0.38 ± 0.120.29 ± 0.110.33 ± 0.100.29 ± 0.070.25 ± -#-0.34 ± 0.03
P value sex0.1800.2410.1100.2700.6370.645
-#- means that standard deviation not given due to small number of patients. Values of motility index measured as arbitrary units are presented as mean ± SD. Differences between the diseases were calculated by ANOVA. Differences between sexes in each disease group were analyzed by Student’s t-test. After Bonferroni correction, differences were found between healthy controls and other diseases in MI of jejunum (P = 0.043) and terminal ileum (P = 0.059). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Table 4 Basic characteristics in men and women
Women, n = 107Men, n = 117P value
Age (yr)37.00 (27.00-47.00)35.00 (27.50-50.00)0.353
Weight (kg)66.88 ± 16.8479.93 ± 17.04< 0.001
Missing value1817
Mural thickness (mm)
Jejunum2 (2-2)2 (2-2)0.135
Missing value2
Ileum Missing value2 (2-2)2 (2-2) 20.031
Terminal ileum2 (2-2)2 (2-4.5)0.044
Missing value54
Motility index (au)
Jejunum0.32 ± 0.080.33 ± 0.080.542
Missing value13
Ileum0.39 ± 0.080.38 ± 0.080.808
Missing value13
Terminal ileum0.31 ± 0.110.27 ± 0.100.013
Missing value167
Values are presented as median and interquartile range or mean ± SD. Student’s t-test or Mann Whitney U-test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. au: Arbitrary units.