Early gastric cancer diagnostic ability of ultrathin endoscope loaded with laser light source

Table 1 Clinical background, gastric cancer detection rates, and the details of the two groups before matching

	Ultrathin endoscope	Conventional endoscope	P value
Number of screened subjects	140	235
Transnasal	41 (29.3%)	0 (0%)	-
Sedation	16 (11.4%)	74 (31.5%)	< 0.001
Age in yr, median (range)	74 (43-89)	73 (43-93)	0.49
Gender, male	99 (70.7%)	187 (79.6%)	0.05
Helicobacter pylori positive	6 (4.3%)	9 (3.8%)	0.83
Atrophy, open type	108 (77.1%)	197 (83.8%)	0.11
Operator (expert/nonexpert)	99/41	178/57	0.28
Number of gastric cancer	12	20
Number of subjects with gastric cancer/detection rate	12 (8.6%)	18 (7.7%)	0.75
Location (U/M, L)	4/4, 4	3/11, 6	0.22
Size in mm, median (range)	5 (3-30)	6.5 (3-18)	0.37
Morphological type (I, IIa/IIb, IIc)	0, 6/0, 6	2, 6/0, 12	0.09
Depth of invasion (m/sm)	10/2	20/0	0.06

Table 2 Confirmation of propensity score matching results and balances

	Full cohort			Propensity score-matched cohort
	Conventional	Ultrathin	ASD, %	Conventional	Ultrathin	ASD, %
n	235	140		129	129
Age in yr	73.1 ± 7.6	73.2 ± 7.6	1.9	73.2 ± 7.6	73.4 ± 7.1	2.7
Male	187, 79.6	99, 70.7	20.6	98, 76.0	97, 75.2	1.8
Specialist	178, 75.7	99, 70.7	11.4	95, 73.6	92, 71.3	5.2
Atrophy	198, 84.3	108, 77.1	18.1	103, 79.8	107, 82.9	8.0

Data: mean ± SD or n, %. ASD: Absolute standardized difference.

Table 3 Clinical background of the two groups after matching

	Ultrathin endoscope	Conventional endoscope	P value
Number of screened subjects	129	129
Age in yr, median (range)	74 (52-89)	74 (47-87)	0.46
Gender, males	108 (77.1%)	99 (76.7%)	0.16
Helicobacter pylori positive	5 (3.9%)	4 (3.1%)	0.73
Atrophy, open type	107 (82.9%)	103 (79.8%)	0.52
Operator, expert/nonexpert	92/37	95/34	0.68

Table 4 Gastric cancer detection rates and details of detected gastric cancers in the two groups after matching

	Ultrathin endoscope	Conventional endoscope	P value
Number of gastric cancer	10	9
Number of subjects with gastric cancer/detection rate	10 (7.8%)	9 (7.0%)	0.81
Location (U/M + L)	4/4 + 2	2/6 + 1	0.41
Size in mm, median (range)	7.5 (3-30)	6.0 (3-15)	0.42
Morphological type (I, IIa/IIb, IIc)	0, 6/0, 4	0, 2/0, 7	0.10
Depth of invasion (m/sm)	8/2	9/0	0.16

Table 5 Comparison of intragastric observation time, biopsy implementation rate, and biopsy prediction rate between the two groups

	Ultrathin endoscope	Conventional endoscope	P value
Observation time of stomach in min	4.1 ± 1.7	4.1 ± 1.9	0.96
Biopsy implementation rate	31.8% (41/129) (95%CI 23.8-39.8)	41.1% (53/129) (95%CI 32.6-49.6)	0.12
Biopsy prediction rate	17.9% (10/56) (95%CI 7.9-27.9)	13.2% (9/68) (95%CI 5.2-21.2)	0.48

CI: Confidence interval.