Relationship between response to lusutrombopag and splenic volume

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics

	All	Responder	Non-responder	P value
n	50	40	10
Age (yr)	65.9 ± 10.2	66.2 ± 10.2	64.7 ± 10.4	0.638
Gender: Male, n (%)	34 (68.0)	25 (63.9)	9 (90.0)	0.138
Height (m)	1.63 ± 0.10	1.62 ± 0.11	1.64 ± 0.08	0.695
Weight (kg)	64.7 ± 12.1	63.0 ± 11.3	71.6 ± 13.4	0.044
Body mass index (kg/m2)	24.5 ± 3.92	24.3 ± 4.10	25.2 ± 3.25	0.548
Etiology (n)				0.717
Cirrhotic/Non-cirrhotic	48/2	39/1	9/1
HCV/HBV/Alcohol/Non-viral	15/6/15/12	13/4/11/11	2/2/4/1	0.717
IPH/EHO	1/1	1/0	0/1
Child-Pugh	6.94 ± 1.57	6.98 ± 1.62	6.80 ± 1.40	0.756
MELD	7.26 ± 3.05	7.02 ± 2.98	8.20 ± 3.33	0.281
Liver cancer, n (%)	26 (52.0)	22 (55.2)	4 (40.0)	0.490
Splenic volume (mL)	741 ± 325	653 ± 267	1092 ± 314	<0.001
Spleen vein diameter (mm)	10.8 ± 3.60	10.3 ± 3.47	12.8 ± 3.69	0.059
Portal diameter (mm)	12.6 ± 3.45	12.3 ± 3.46	14.1 ± 3.12	0.143
Procedure: RFA/IVR/Endoscopy/Others (n)	14/10/22/4	12/8/18/2	2/2/4/2	0.273
APRI	31.3 ± 17.3	31.7 ± 15.6	29.0 ± 23.8	0.661
FIB-4 index	12.4 ± 5.49	12.8 ± 5.65	10.9 ± 4.71	0.315
White blood cells (/μL)	3149 ± 1039	3330 ± 1051	2480 ± 681	0.020
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	12.0 ± 2.14	12.4 ± 1.84	10.7 ± 2.82	0.026
Platelets (× 104/μL)	4.48 ± 1.07	4.50 ± 1.12	4.35 ± 0.82	0.778
Prothrombin time (%)	66.7 ± 12.5	67.1 ± 11.6	64.6 ± 16.3	0.578
Total protein (g/dL)	7.00 ± 0.70	7.02 ± 0.69	6.93 ± 0.75	0.726
Serum albumin (g/dL)	3.46 ± 0.54	3.39 ± 0.53	3.72 ± 0.56	0.089
BUN (mg/dL)	15.8 ± 5.76	15.5 ± 5.53	17.3 ± 6.69	0.277
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.82 ± 0.21	0.80 ± 0.20	0.86 ± 0.26	0.443
AST (IU/L)	47.4 ± 25.6	48.4 ± 23.2	43.6 ± 35.2	0.602
ALT (IU/L)	36.7 ± 22.9	37.5 ± 21.3	34.2 ± 30.2	0.700
Total bilirubin (g/dL)	1.41 ± 0.83	1.40 ± 0.85	1.45 ± 0.76	0.873
HbA1c (%)	5.98 ± 1.15	5.97 ± 1.15	6.03 ± 1.23	0.901
Ammonia (μg/dL)	66.7 ± 42.0	64.3 ± 37.3	75.9 ± 58.5	0.442
AFP (ng/mL)	33.4 ± 82.7	29.0 ± 80.8	54.2 ± 95.2	0.441
PIVKA- II (mAU/mL)	48.1 ± 68.4	51.4 ± 75.7	32.8 ± 26.0	0.493

Data are expressed as mean, number (%), or mean (standard derivation). IPH: Idiopathic portal hypertension; EHO: Extrahepatic portal venous obstruction; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; IVR: Interventional radiology; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; APRI: AST to platelet ratio index; FIB-4: Fibrosis 4 index; AFP: α-fetoprotein; PIVKA: Protein induced by vitamin K absence; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors affecting the response to lusutrombopag

	Univariate analysis			Multiple analysis
Variable		OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Splenic size (mL)	1: < 723	13.5 (1.556-117.1)	0.018	11.2 (1.354-103.0)	0.025
	2: ≥ 723
Gender	1: Male
	2: Female	5.41 (0.621-40.95)	0.368
Age (yr)	1: <69	1.11 (0.270-4.550)	0.168
	2: ≥ 69
Platelets (×104/μL)	1: < 4.5
	2: ≥ 4.5	2.02 (0.442-9.412)	0.212
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	1: < 12.4
	2: ≥ 12.4	2.581 (0.582-11.42)	0.212
BUN (mg/dL)	1: < 15.2	1.66 (0.405-9.412)	0.190
	2: ≥ 15.2
Child-Pugh	1: < 7	1.56 (0.582-11.42)	0.212
	2: ≥ 7
White blood cells (/μl)	1: < 3000
	2: ≥ 3000	4.70 (0.878-25.22)	0.072
Weight (kg)	1: < 62	2.85 (0.643-12.64)	0.168
	2: ≥ 62
Ammonia (μg/dL)	1: < 56.5	1.43 (0.347-5.851)	0.623
	2: ≥ 56.5

Table 3 Adverse events

Fever	Any grade	2 (4.0)
	≥ Grade 3	0
Aspartate aminotransferase increased	Any grade	2 (4.0)
	≥ Grade 3	0
Gastrointestinal disorders	Any grade	1 (2.0)
	≥ Grade 3	0
Chest pain	Any grade	1 (2.0)
	≥ Grade 3	0
Hypertension	Any grade	1 (2.0)
	≥ Grade 3	0
Portal thrombosis	Any grade	0
	≥ Grade 3	2 (4.0)