New prognostic biomarkers of mortality in patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 New prognostic biomarkers in patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma

Biomarker	Alteration	Outcome	Ref.
Malondialdehyde	High circulating levels	Lower survival	[]
Total antioxidant capacity	High circulating levels	Lower survival	[29]
Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin-18	High circulating levels	Lower survival	[54]
Soluble CD40 ligand	High circulating levels	Lower survival	[80]
Substance P	High circulating levels	Lower survival	[107]
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio	High circulating ratio	Lower survival	[120]
Platelet to lymphocyte ratio	High circulating ratio	Lower survival	[120]
C-reactive protein	High circulating levels	Lower survival	[121,122]
Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin	High circulating levels	Higher recurrence	[123-127]
Glypican-3	High HCC expression	Higher recurrence	[128]
H-TERT mRNA	High peripheral blood expression	Lower survival	[130,131]
E-cadherin	High HCC expression	Higher recurrence	[142]
Beta-catenin	High HCC expression	Higher recurrence	[142]
Dickkopf-1	High HCC expression	Lower survival	[154]
Vascular endothelial growth factor	High circulating levels	Lower survival	[156]

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; H-TERT mRNA: Human telomerase reverse transcriptase messenger ribonucleic acid.