Optimizing hepatitis C virus treatment through pharmacist interventions: Identification and management of drug-drug interactions

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Number of patients	664
Age (mean, yr)	56.7%
Gender
Female	42.8%
Male	57.2%
Race
Caucasian	83.4%
African American or Black	6.44%
Asian American	1.89%
American Indian or Alaska Native	0.30%
Other and unavailable	7.97%
Ethnicity
Hispanic	13.6%
Non-Hispanic	86.4%
Number of patients on DAAs
LDV/SOF	369%
OBV/PTV/r + DSV	48%
SIM/SOF	114%
SOF/RBV	133%
Fibrosis stage
≤ Stage 2 (minimal to moderate fibrosis)	35.8%
Stage 3 (advanced fibrosis)	10.8%
Stage 4 (cirrhosis)	51.5%
Unknown or unavailable	1.90%

LDV: Ledipasvir; SOF: Sofosbuvir; OBV: Ombitasvir; PTV: Paritaprevir; DSV: Dasabuvir; SIM: Simeprevir; RBV: Ribavirin; DAA: Direct acting antiviral.

Table 2 Drug-drug interactions identified from baseline medication list

Regimen	n = 664	Total number of meds	Total number of interactions, n (%)	Average number of meds per patient	Average number of interactions per patient	Contra-indications
LDV/SOF	369	2996	472 (15.8)	8.12	1.28	7
OBV/PTV/r + DSV	48	312	119 (38.1)	6.50	2.48	4
SIM/SOF	114	1002	169 (16.8)	8.79	1.48	19
SOF/RBV	133	964	21 (2.2)	7.25	0.16	1

LDV: Ledipasvir; SOF: Sofosbuvir; OBV: Ombitasvir; PTV: Paritaprevir; DSV: Dasabuvir; SIM: Simeprevir; RBV: Ribavirin.

Table 3 Drug-drug interactions identified per fibrosis stage

Fibrosis stage	n = 664	Total number of medications	Total number of interactions n (%)	Average number of medications per patient	Average number of interactions per patient
Minimal fibrosis (Stage 0-2)	232	1508	249 (16.5)	6.50	1.07
Advanced fibrosis (Stage 3)	72	575	91 (15.8)	7.99	1.26
Cirrhosis (Stage 4)	341	3066	425 (13.8)	8.99	1.25

Table 4 Drug classes of medications identified as drug-drug interactions from baseline medication list n (%)

Drug class	Affected portion of the cohort n = 664
PPI/H2RA agents	117 (17.6)
Antacids	72 (10.8)
Vitamin and herbal supplements	284 (42.7)
Hypertensive agents	53 (8.0)
Analgesics	67 (10.1)
Psychiatric agents	46 (6.9)
Anticonvulsants	4 (0.6)
Steroids	12 (1.8)
Others	126 (19.0)

PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; H₂RA: H₂-receptor antagonists.