Road to stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma

doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i37.6750

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Oct 7, 2017 (publication date) through Oct 30, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 7, 2017; 23(37): 6750-6776
Published online Oct 7, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i37.6750

Table 1 Liver cancer stem cell markers in hepatocellular carcinoma

Marker	Another name	Function	Ref.
CD133	Prom-1	Neurotensin/IL-8/CXCL1 signaling	[33,186]
OV6	Oval cell marker	Unknown until know, but it is considered to be an inducible progenitor cell marker in rodent models.	[8,38]
EpCAM	Epithelial cell adhesion molecule	Activation of Wnt signaling	[187,188]
CD13	Cluster of differentiation 13	ROS-induced DNA damage reduction	[71,72,189]
CD24	Heat-stable antigen	STAT3-mediated NANOG regulation	[18,34,150]
CD90	Thy-1	Glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor	[18,32]
CD44	Hyaluronic acid receptor	Participation in epithelial mesenchymal transition	[33,69,190]
ALDH	Aldehyde dehydrogenase	Group of intracellular enzymes that oxidize aldehydes (thereby serving a detoxifying role)	[15,39]

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Table 2 Studies tracing possible cells of origin of hepatocellular carcinoma

Cell	Tracing gene promoter	HCC models in mice	Tumor positive to lineage-traced	Ref.
LSPCs	HNF1β	DEN 17 d postnatal	NO	[132]
	HNF1β	Mdr2KO	NO	[132]
	Foxl1	DEN/CCl₄	NO	[131]
	OPN	DEN 15 d postnatal	NO	[7]
	OPN	DEN/CCl₄	NO	[7]
	K19	DEN/CCl₄	NO	[7]
HybHPs + LSPCs	Sox9	DEN	NO	[114]
		MUP-uPA/HFD
		STAM
Hepatocytes (mature)	TBG	DEN/CCl₄	YES (approximately 100%)	[7,131]
		DEN/CDE
		DEN/DDC
		Mdr2KO
HSC	Lrat	DEN/CCl₄	NO	[7]
HSC	Lrat	Mdr2KO	NO	[7]

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; LSPC: Liver stem progenitor cell; HSC: Hepatic stellar cells.

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Citation: Flores-Téllez TN, Villa-Treviño S, Piña-Vázquez C. Road to stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23(37): 6750-6776
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v23/i37/6750.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i37.6750