Treatment options for alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A review

Table 1 Treatment options for alcoholic liver disease and alcoholic steatohepatitis

General management

Abstinence

Nutritional support

Glucocorticosteroids

Pentoxifylline

Anti-TNF therapy

Antioxidants

Liver transplantation

Potential new therapies

Probiotics and antibiotics

S-adenosylmethionine

Betaine

Targeting various chemokines and interleukins

Endocannabinoids antagonists

Osteopontin inhibition

Stem cell therapy

Table 2 Treatment options for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

Lifestyle changes	Weight loss
	Dietary changes
	Exercise
Insulin sensitizers	Thiazolidinedione’s
	Metformin
Lipid lowering agents	Statins
	Ezetimibe
Hepatoprotective agents	UDCA
Antioxidants	Vitamin E
Incretin analogues	GLP-1 agonists
	DPP-IV inhibitors
Anti-inflammatory agents	PTX
Others	Probiotics
	Angiotensin receptor blockers
	Endocannabinoid antagonists
	Bariatric surgery
	Liver transplantation
Potential new therapeutic options	Caspases inhibitors
	ASK1 inhibitors
	p38 MAPK inhibitors
	PPAR- alpha and delta agonists
	FXR agonists
	NOX-1/4 inhibitors
	Galectin-3 antagonists
	Acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors
	FGF-21 and FGF-19 analogues
	CCR2 and CCR5 inhibitors
	SCD-1 inhibitors
	Lysyl oxidase-like 2 inhibitors
	Sirtuins

GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1; DPP-IV: Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV; PTX: Pentoxifylline; PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor; NOX: NADPH oxidase; FGF-21: Fibroblast growth factor 21; SCD1: Stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1.