Endoscopy is of low yield in the identification of gastrointestinal neoplasia in patients with dermatomyositis: A cross-sectional study

Table 1 Baseline demographic and indications for endoscopy n (%)

Baseline characteristics	Had endoscopy (n = 79)
Age (mean ± SD)	56.7 (14.4)
Male gender	21 (27)
Age at dermatomyositis diagnosis (mean ± SD)	50.1 (15.9)
Disease duration (mean ± SD) at time of endoscopy	6.8 (6.6)
Personal history of cancer	8 (10.1)
Melanoma	1
Prostate	1
Endometrial	1
NCC	1
HCC	1
RCC	1
AdenoCA of unknown origin	2
Indication for EGD	Had EGD (n = 47)
Screening	19 (40.4)
Dysphagia	13 (27.7)
Dyspepsia/pain	9 (19.1)
IDA	2 (4.3)
Weight loss	3 (6.4)
Abnormal CT scan	1 (2.1)
Indication for colonoscopy	Had colonoscopy (n = 67)
Screening	49 (73.1)
Surveillance	2 (3.0)
Diarrhea, abdominal pain	11 (16.4)
IDA	2 (3.0)
Weight loss	1 (1.5)
Blood in stool	1 (1.5)
Abnormal CT	1 (1.5)

DM: Dermatomyositis; NCC: Nasal cell cancer; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; RCC: Renal cell cancer; AdenoCa: Adenocarcinoma; EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; CT: Computed tomography.

Table 2 Yield of endoscopy n (%)

Findings on EGD, n = 47
Malignancy	0 (0)
Pre-malignancy	3 (6.4)
Barrett's esophagus without dysplasia	2
Gastric intestinal metaplasia	1
Non-malignant findings	8 (17)
Esophageal varices	2
H. pylori gastritis	4
CMV esophagitis	1
Candida esophagitis	1
Normal	36 (76.6)
Findings on colonoscopy, n = 67
Colorectal cancer	0 (0)
Any adenoma	10 (14.9)
Inflammatory bowel disease	4 (6.0)
Normal	53 (79.1)

EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Table 3 Yield of endoscopy stratified by age n (%)

	Age < 50 (n = 21)	Age ≥ 50 (n = 26)	Age ≥ 50 (n = 46)	P value
Findings on EGD
Normal	16 (76.2)	20 (76.9)	-	0.95
Pre-malignancy	1 (4.8)	2 (7.7)	-	1.00
Malignancy	0 (0)	0 (0)	-	1.00
Non-malignant	4 (19.0)	4 (15.4)	-	1.00
Findings on Colonoscopy
Normal	17 (81.0)	-	36 (78.3)	0.80
Any adenoma	1 (4.8)	-	9 (20.0)	0.15
Colorectal cancer	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	1.00
Inflammatory bowel disease	2 (9.5)	-	2 (4.3)	0.58

EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Table 4 Yield of endoscopy by presence of symptoms n (%)

	Asymptomatic		Symptomatic		P value
	n = 19	n = 51	n = 28	n = 16
Findings on EGD
Normal	15 (78.9)	-	21 (75.0)	-	0.75
Pre-malignancy	0 (0)	-	3 (10.7)	-	0.26
Barrett's without dysplasia	-	-	2 (7.1)	-	-
Gastric intestinal metaplasia without dysplasia	-	-	1 (3.6)	-	-
Malignancy	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	-	-
Non-malignant	4 (21.1)	-	4 (14.3)	-	0.70
Varices	2 (10.5)	-	-	-	-
Helicobacter pylori gastritis	2 (10.5)	-	2 (7.1)	-	-
Cytomegalovirus esophagitis	-	-	1 (3.6)	-	-
Candida esophagitis	-	-	1 (3.6)	-	-
Findings on Colonoscopy
Normal	-	44 (86.3)	-	9 (56.3)	0.01
Pre-malignancy	-	7 (13.7)	-	3 (18.8)	0.69
Advanced adenoma	-	1 (2.0)	-	1 (6.3)	-
Low risk tubular adenoma	-	5 (9.8)	-	1 (6.3)	-
≥ 3 tubular adenomas	-	1 (2.0)	-	1 (6.3)	-
Malignancy	-	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	-
Non-malignant findings	-	0 (0)	-	4 (25)	< 0.01
IBD	-	-	-	3 (18.8)	-
Microscopic colitis	-	-	-	1 (6.3)	-

EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.